وَفِيAnd inهَذِهِthisالْجُمَلَةsentenceمُبَاحِثdiscussions
And in this sentence, there are discussions.
الْمَبْحَثThe discussionالْأَوَّلthe first
The first discussion: that faith in God includes faith in what He has described.
وَوَجْهAnd the reasonذَٰلِكَfor thatأَنْis thatالإِيمَانfaithبِالَّلهِin Godـ-كَمَاasسَبَقَprecededيَتَضَمَّنُincludesالإِيمَانfaith
And the reason for that is that faith in God, as previously mentioned, includes faith.
بِأَسْمَائِهِin His namesوَصِفَاتِهِ؛and attributes;
in His names and attributes;
فَإِنَّfor indeedذَاتَthe essenceاللَّهِof Godتُسَمَّىis namedبِأَسْمَاءِby namesوَتُوَصَفُand describedبِأَوْصَافٍ،by attributes,
for indeed, the essence of God is named by names and described by attributes.
وَوُجُودُAnd the existenceذَاتٍof the essenceمُجَرَّدَةٍabstractعَنْfromالأَوْصَافِthe attributesأَمْرٌis a matterمُسْتَحِيلٌ؛impossible;فَلَاso it cannotيُمْكِنُbeأَنْthatتُوجَدَexistذَاتٌan essenceمُجَرَّدَةٌabstractعَنْfromالأَوْصَافِthe attributesأَبَدًا،ever,
And the existence of an abstract essence from attributes is impossible; so it cannot exist an essence abstract from attributes ever,
وَقَدْAnd it mayيُفْرَضُbe assumedالذِّهْنُby the mindأَنْthatهُنَاكَthere isذَاتًاan essenceمُجَرَّدَةًabstractمِنْwithoutالْصِّفَاتِattributesلَكِنْbutالْفَرْضُthe assumptionلَيْسَis notكَالْأَمْرِlike the matterالْوَاقِعِ؛reality;
And it may be assumed by the mind that there is an essence abstract from the attributes, but the assumption is not like the reality;
أَيthat is,أَنَّthatالْمَفْرُوضَthat which is assumedلَيْسَis notكَالمَشْهُودِ؛like the observable;فَلَاso there does notيُوجَدُexistفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outsideـ-أَيthat is,فِيinالْوَاقِعِthe realityالْمَشْهَدِobservedـ-ذَاتٌan essenceلَيْسَthat is notلَهَاfor itصِفَاتٌattributesأَبَدًا.ever.
that is, that which is assumed is not like the observable; so there does not exist in the outside - that is, in the observable reality - an essence that is not for it attributes ever.
فَالذِّهْنُSo the mindقَدْmayيُفْرِضُassumeمَثَلًاfor example,شَيْئًاa thingلَهُfor itأَلْفٌone thousandعَيْنٍ،eyes,فِيinكُلِّeachأَلْفٍone thousandعَيْنٍof eyesأَلْفٌone thousandسَوَادٍdarknessوَأَلْفٌand one thousandبَيَاضٍlightوَلَهُand it hasأَلْفٌone thousandرَجُلٌ،men,فِيinكُلِّeachرَجُلٍman,أَلْفٌone thousandأُصْبُعٍ،fingers,فِيinكُلِّeachأُصْبُعٍfingerأَلْفٌone thousandظُفْرٍ،nails,وَلَهُand it hasمَلَايِينُmillionsالشَّعْرِ،hairs,فِيinكُلِّeachشَعْرَةٍhair,مَلَايِينُmillionsالشَّعْرِ ...of hair ...وَهَكَذَا!and thus!
So the mind may assume, for example, a thing that has a thousand eyes, in each thousand eyes a thousand darkness and a thousand light, and it has a thousand men, in each man a thousand fingers, in each finger a thousand nails, and it has millions of hair, in each hair millions of hair... and thus!
يُفْرِضُهُit assumesوَإِنْand ifلَمْnotيَكُنthere isلَهُfor itوَاقِعٌ؛a reality;لَكِنَّbutالشَّيْءُthe thingالْوَاقِعُthe realityلَاcannotيُمْكِنُbeأَنْthatيُوجَدَexistsشَيْءٌa thingبِدُونِwithoutصِفَةٍ.attribute.
It assumes, and if there is not for it a reality; but the thing that reality cannot be without an attribute.
لِهَذَا؛For this reason;كَانَit wasالإِيمَانthe faithبِصِفَاتِin attributesاللَّهِof Godمِنْofالإِيمَانfaithبِاللَّهِin Godلَوْifلَمْnotيَكُنbeمِنْofصِفَاتِattributesاللَّهِof Godإِلَّاexceptأَنَّهُthat it isمَوْجُودٌexistingوَاجِبُnecessaryالْوُجُودِexistenceوَ هَذَاand thisبِاتِّفَاقِby agreementالنَّاسِthe peopleوَعَلَىand onهَذَا؛this;فَلَاtherefore, does notبِدُونِwithoutأَنْthatيَكُونَbeلَهُfor itصِفَةٍ.an attribute.
For this reason, faith in the attributes of God is from the faith in God; if there were not from the attributes of God except that it is existing and necessary existence, and this is by agreement of the people; therefore, does not be without a property.
الْمَبْحَثThe second discussionالثَّانِي::أَنْThatصِفَاتthe attributesاللَّهِof Godعَزَّ وَجَلَّThe Exalted and Majestic
The second discussion: that the attributes of God, The Exalted and Majestic, are metaphysical matters,
وَالْوَاجِبُand the obligationعَلَىonالْإِنْسَانِa humanنَحْوَtowardالْأُمُورِthe mattersالْغَيْبِيَّةِthe unseen,أَنْis toيُؤْمِنَbelieveبِهَاin themعَلَىaccording toمَاwhatجَاءَتْ؛came;دُونَwithoutأَنْthatيَرْجِعَhe refersإِلَىtoشَيْءٍsomethingسِوَىother thanالنُّصُوصِ.text.
And the obligation on a human toward the unseen matters is to believe in them as they came; without he refers to anything other than the texts.