أَشْهَدُI bear witnessبِمَعْنَىmeaningأُقِرُّI acknowledgeبِقَلْبِيin my heartنَاطِقًاspeakingبِلِسَانِيwith my tongueلِأَنَّbecauseالشَّهَادَةَthe testimonyنُطْقٌis a statementوَإِخْبَارٌand informingعَمَّabout whatفِيis inالْقَلْبِthe heartفَأَنْتَSo youعِندَbeforeالْقَاضِيthe judgeتَشْهَدُtestifyبِحَقِّto the right ofفُلاَنٍso-and-soعَلَىagainstفُلاَنٍso-and-soتَشْهَدُyou testifyبِاللِّسَانِwith the tongueالْمُعَبِّرِexpressingعَمَّabout whatفِيinالْقَلْبِthe heartوَاخْتِيرَتْand it is chosenالشَّهَادَةَthe testimonyدُونَwithoutالْإِقْرَارِthe acknowledgmentلِأَنَّbecauseالشَّهَادَةَthe testimonyأَصْلُهَاits originمِنْis fromشُهُودٍwitnessesالشَّيْءِthe thingأَيٌّthat isحُضُورِهِits presenceوَرُؤْيَتِهِand its seeingفَكَأَنَّSo it is as ifهَذَاthisالْمُخْبِرُthe informantعَمَّabout whatفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heartالْنَّاطِقُspeakingبِلِسَانِهِwith his tongueكَأَنَّهُas if heيُشَاهِدُis witnessingالأَمْرَthe matterبِعَيْنِهِwith his own eyes
I bear witness; meaning: I acknowledge in my heart, speaking with my tongue; because the testimony is a statement and informing about what is in the heart.
لَاNoإِلَهَgodإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَAllahوَعَلَىand onهَذَاthisيَكُونُisخَبَرٌa newsلَاnotمَحْذُوفًاomittedوَلَفْظٌand the wordالْجَلَالَةِthe majestyبَدَلًاinsteadمِنْهُof itوَحْدَهُAloneلَاnoشَرِيكٌpartnerلَهُto himوَحْدَهُalone
There is no god but Allah; meaning: there is no true deity except Allah, and thus the news is omitted, and the majesty word is replaced instead of it.
هِيَIt (is)مِنْfromحَيْثُwhereالْمَعْنَىthe meaningتَوْكِيدٌan affirmationلِلْإِثْبَاتِfor the assertionلَاnoشَرِيكٌpartnerلَهُto him
‘Alone’ is in terms of meaning an affirmation for the assertion, 'there is no partner to him.'
إِقْرَارًاAcknowledgmentبِهof itوَتَوْحِيدًاand UnificationإِقْرَارًاAcknowledgmentهَذِهِThisمَصْدَرٌsourceوَإِنْAnd ifشِئْتَyou wishفَقُلْthen sayإِنَّهُthat itمَفْعُولٌobjectمُطْلَقٌabsoluteلِأَنَّهُbecause itمَصْدَرٌsourceمَعْنَوِيٌّmoralلِقَوْلِهِfor his sayingأَشْهَدُI bear witness
‘Acknowledgment’ is a source, and if you wish, then say that it is an absolute object; because it is a moral source for his saying: ‘I bear witness.’
وَأَهْلُAnd the scholarsالنَّحْوِof syntaxيَقُولُونَsayإِذَاIfكَانَit wasالْمَصْدَرُthe sourceبِمَعْنَىin meaningالْفِعْلِof the verbدُونَwithoutحُرُوفِهِits lettersفَهُوَit isمَصْدَرٌsourceمَعْنَوِيٌّmoralأَوْorمَفْعُولٌobjectمُطْلَقٌabsolute
And the scholars of syntax say: If the source is in meaning of the verb without its letters, then it is a moral source or absolute object.
وَإِذَاAnd ifكَانَit wasبِمَعْنَاهُby its meaningوَحُرُوفِهِand its lettersفَهُوَit isمَصْدَرٌsourceلَفْظِيٌّverbalفَSo:قُمْتُI stoodقِيَامًاstandingمَصْدَرٌsourceلَفْظِيٌّverbalوَandقُمْتُI stoodوَقُوفًاas standingمَصْدَرٌsourceمَعْنَوِيٌّmoralوَجَلَسْتُI satجُلُوسًاsittingلَفْظِيٌّverbalوَandجَلَسْتُI satقُعُودًاas sitting
And if it is by its meaning and its letters, then it is a verbal source; for example: ‘I stood' is a verbal source, and 'I stood' as standing is a moral source, and 'I sat' as sitting is a verbal source, and 'I sat' as sitting is a moral source.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd his sayingوَتَوْحِيدًاand unificationمَصْدَرٌsourceمُؤَكِّدٌis confirmingلِقَوْلِهِfor his sayingلَاNoإِلَهَgodإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَAllah
And his saying: ‘And unification’ is a confirming source for his saying: ‘There is no god but Allah.'
قَوْلُهُHis sayingوَأَشْهَدُAnd I bear witnessأَنَّthatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadعَبْدَهُhis servantوَرَسُولَهُand his messenger
His saying: ‘And I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger.’