النِّسَاءُWomen٢٢22
Women: 22
بَلْButإِنَّindeedهَذَاthisأَشَدُّis strongerمِنْthanالزِّنَاfornication؛;لِأَنَّهُbecause itوَصَفَهُhe described itبِثَلاثَةٍwith threeأَوْصَافٍcharacteristicsفَاحِشَةٍimmoral,,وَمَقْتٍand abhorrence,,وَسَاءَand evilسُبُلٍway,,وَفِيand inالزِّنَاfornicationوَصَفَهُhe described itاللَّهُAllahبِوَصْفَيْنِwith two descriptions::﴿{إِنَّهُindeed, itكَانَwasفَاحِشَةًimmoralوَسَاءَbadسَبِيلًاway)}[الإسراء[Al-Isra::٣٢32
But this is stronger than fornication; because it is described with three immoral characteristics, abhorrence, and an evil way; and in fornication, Allah described it with two descriptions: "Indeed, it was immoral and bad is its way." [Al-Isra: 32]
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::﴿{مَاWhatظَهَرَappearedمِنْهَاfrom itوَandمَاwhatبَطَنَwas hidden::قِيلَIt is said::إِنَّthatالمَعْنَىthe meaningمَاwhatظَهَرَappearedفَحْشَهُits immoralityوَمَاand whatخَفِيَwas hidden,,وَقِيلَand it is said::المَعْنَىthe meaningمَاwhatظَهَرَappearedلِلْنَّاسِto the peopleوَمَاand whatبَطَنَwas hiddenعَنْهُمْfrom them؛;بِاعتِبَارِconsideringفِعْلِactionالْفَاعِلِthe doer,,لَاnotبِاعتِبَارِconsideringالْعَمَلِthe action;;أَيthat is::مَاwhatأَظْهَرَهُhe showedالإِنْسَانُthe humanلِلْنَّاسِto the peopleوَمَاand whatأَبْطَنَهُhe concealed
And His saying: "What appeared from it and what was hidden"; it is said that the meaning is what its immorality appeared and what was hidden, and it is said the meaning is what appeared to the people and what was hidden from them; considering the action of the doer, not considering the action; that is: what the human showed to the people and what he concealed.
بِغَيْرِunjustlyالْحَقِّrights
unjustly.
قَوْلُهُHis saying::﴿{وَالْإِثْمَand sinوَandالْبَغْيَthe aggressionبِغَيْرِunjustlyالْحَقِّthe truth
His saying: "And sin and aggression unjustly;" means He forbade sin and aggression, and the sin refers to what is a cause for it from sins.
وَالْبَغْيُand aggressionالْعُدْوَانُthe transgressionعَلَىonالنَّاسِpeople؛;قَالَsaidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exalted﴿{إِنَّمَاIndeedالسَّبِيلُthe wayعَلَىonالَّذِينَthose whoيَظْلِمُونَwrongالنَّاسَpeopleوَيَبْغُونَand they aggressفِيinالْأَرْضِthe earthبِغَيْرِunjustlyالْحَقِّthe right
And aggression is the transgression against people; Allah, the Exalted, said: "Indeed, the way is only against those who wrong the people and aggress in the earth unjustly." [Ash-Shura: 42]
وَفِيand inقَوْلِهِHis saying::﴿{وَالْبَغْيَand the aggressionبِغَيْرِunjustlyالْحَقِّthe right
And in His saying: "And aggression unjustly;" indicates that every aggression is unjust, and it is not intended that aggression is divided into two types: justified aggression and unjust aggression; because all aggression is unjust.
وَإِلَىAnd toهَذَاthis؛;فَتَكُونُit becomesالْوَصْفَthe descriptionهُنَاhereمِنْofبَابِthe typeالْوَصْفِthe descriptionالْكَاشِفِwhich revealsوَتُسَمِّيَهَاand the scholars call itالْعُلَمَاءُthe scholarsصِفَةًattributeكَاشِفَةًthat reveals؛;أَيthat is::مُبَيِّنَةًclarifyingوَهِيَit isالَّتِيthatتَكُونُisكَالتَّعْلِيلِlike an explanation
And on this; it becomes the description here of revealing type, and the scholars call it revealing attribute; that is, clarifying and it is that which serves as an explanation for its described characteristics.
قَوْلُهُHis saying::﴿{وَأَنْand thatتُشْرِكُواyou associateبِاللَّهِwith Allahمَاwhatلَمْdid notيُنَزِّلْsend downبِهِwith itسُلْطَانًاan authority
His saying: "And that you associate with Allah that which He has not sent down an authority for;" this is a continuation of what has preceded; meaning: and my Lord has forbidden you to associate with Allah that which He has not sent down an authority for.