وَالنَّافِعُand the beneficialوَغَيْرُand otherذَٰلِكَthatمِمَّاof whatفِيهِis in itالْفُرْقَانُ؛the criterion;فَكُلُّهُso all of itفُرْقَانٌ.is a criterion.
And the beneficial and other things that are in it are all a criterion.
عَلَىUponعَبْدِهِHis servant;مُحَمَّدٍMuhammadعَلَيْهِpeace be upon him,الصَّلَاةُthe prayerوَالسَّلَامُ،and peace,فَوَصَفَهُHe described himبِالْعُبُودِيَّةِwith servitudeفِيinمَقَامٍthe rank ofالتَّحَدُّثِspeaking aboutعَنْaboutتَنْزِيلِthe revelation ofالْقُرْآنِthe Quranعَلَيْهِupon him;وَهَذَاand thisالمَقَامُrankمِنْis ofأَشْرَفِthe most nobleمَقَامَاتِof the ranks ofالنَّبِيِّ.the Prophet.
Upon His servant, Muhammad, peace be upon him, He described him with servitude in the rank of speaking about the revelation of the Quran upon him; and this rank is of the most noble ranks of the Prophet.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisوَصَفَهُHe described himاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedبِالْعُبُودِيَّةِwith servitudeفِيinمَقَامٍthe rank ofتَنْزِيلِthe revelation ofالْقُرْآنِthe Quran;كَمَاasهُنَا،here,وَكَمَاand asفِيinقَوْلِهِHis saying:(((الْحَمْدُAll praiseلِلَّهِis for Allah,الَّذِيwhoأَنزَلَrevealedعَلَىuponعَبْدِهِHis servant,الْكِتَابَthe Book)))[الْكَهْفِ:[Al-Kahf:١]،1],وَصَفَهُHe described himبِالْعُبُودِيَّةِwith servitudeفِيinمَقَامِthe rank ofالدِّفَاعِthe defenseعَنْهُof himوَالْتَّحَدِّيand challenge:وَإِنْAnd ifكُنتُمْyou wereفِيinرَيْبٍdoubtمِّمَّاof whatنَزَّلْنَاWe revealedعَلَىuponعَبْدِنَاOur servant)))[الْبَقَرَةِ:[Al-Baqarah:٢٣]،23],وَوَصَفَهُAnd He described himبِالْعُبُودِيَّةِwith servitudeفِيinمَقَامِthe rank ofتَكْرِيمِهِhis honoringبِالْمِعْرَاجِin the Night JourneyفَقَالَHe said:سُبْحَانَهُGlory be to
And for this, Allah, the Exalted, described him with servitude in the rank of the revelation of the Quran; as here, and as in His saying: (All praise is for Allah who revealed upon His servant the Book) [Al-Kahf: 1], and He described him with servitude in the rank of defense of him and challenge: And if you were in doubt of what We revealed upon Our servant) [Al-Baqarah: 23], and He described him with servitude in the rank of his honoring in the Night Journey, He said: Glory be to Him who took His servant by night from Al-Masjid Al-Haram) [Al-Isra: 1], and He said in Surah Al-Najm: (So He inspired His servant what He inspired) [Al-Najm: 10]; this indicates that describing a person with servitude to Allah is considered perfection because servitude to Allah is freedom; whoever does not worship Him is a servant to others.
قَالَHe saidابْنُIbnالْقَيِّمُAl-Qayyim,رَحِمَهُmay Allah have mercy on him:حَقِيقَةٌThe truthهَرَبُواthey fledمِنَfromالرِّقِّslavery whichالَّذِيwhichخُلِقُواthey were createdلَهُfor itوَبُلُواand they were testedبِرِقٍwith the slaveryالنَّفْسِof the soulوَالشَّيْطَانِand the devil;وَالْرِّقُّand the slaveryالَّذِيwhichخُلِقُواthey were createdلَهُfor itعِبَادَةَworship ofاللَّهِAllahعَزَّ وَجَلَّ.the Almighty.
He said, Ibn Al-Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on him: The truth is that they fled from the slavery which they were created for and were tested with the slavery of the soul and the devil; and the slavery which they were created for is the worship of Allah, the Almighty.
وَAndبُلُواthey were testedبِرِقٍwith the slaveryالنَّفْسِof the soul,وَالشَّيْطَانِand the devil;حَيْثُwhereصَارُواthey becameأَرْقَاءَslavesلِأَنفُسِهِمْ،to their souls,وَأَرْقَاءَand slavesلِلشَّيْطَانِ؛to the devil;فَمَاSo noمِنْofإنْسَانٍhumanيَفِرُّfleesمِنْfromعُبُودِيَّةِthe servitudeاللَّهِ؛of Allah;إِلَّاexceptوَقَعَhe falls intoفِيinعُبُودِيَّةِthe servitudeهَوَاهُof his whimsوَشَيْطَانِهِ؛and his devil;قَالَAllah said:﴿﴿أَفَرَأَيْتَHave you seenمَنْsomeone whoاتَّخَذَtookإِلَٰهَهُhis godهَوَاهُhis whims;(1)(1)الْكَافِيَةُThe sufficientالشَّافِيَةُthe helpfulلِابْنِfor Ibnالْقَيِّمِ،Al-Qayyim,بِشَّرْحِwith the explanation ofابْنِIbnعِيسَىIsa (Al-Aisa) ((٤٦٦/٢).(466/2).
And they were tested with the slavery of the soul and the devil, where they became slaves to their souls, and slaves to the devil; no human flees from the servitude of Allah except that he falls into the servitude of his whims and his devil; Allah said: (Have you seen someone who took his god his whims; (1) the sufficient and the helpful for Ibn Al-Qayyim, with the explanation of Ibn Isaac (466/2).