الْأَرْضِthe earthلَهُbelongs to Himالْمُلْكُthe dominionوَلَهُand to Himالْحَمْدُis the praiseوَهُوَand He isعَلَىoverكُلِّallشَيْءٍthingقَدِيرُcapable
The dominion belongs to Him, and praise is for Him, and He is capable over all things.
وَيُسَبِّحُAnd He glorifiesبِمَعْنَى:meaning:يُنزَّهto be free fromعَنْfromكُلِّeveryصِفَةٍattributeنَقْصٍdeficiencyوَعَيْبٍ،and defect,
And He is glorified meaning: to be free from every deficiency and defect,
وand(سُبِحَ)(glorifies)تَتَعَدَّىtransfersبِنَفْسِهَا،by itself;وَتَتَعَدَّىand it transfersبِاللَّامِ :with the lam:
And (Glorifies) transfers by itself; and it transfers with the lam:
أَمَّاAs forتَعَدِّيَهَاits transferبِنَفْسِهَا؛by itself;فَمَثَلُit is likeقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Most High:
As for its transfer by itself; it is like His saying, the Most High:
﴿(لِتُؤْمِنُواSo that you may believeبِاللَّهِin Allahوandرَسُولِهِ،His Messenger,وَتُعَزِّرُوهُand you support Himوَتُوَقِّرُوهُand you honor Himوَتُسَبِّحُوهُand you glorify Himبُكْرَةًin the morningوَأَصِيلًا)and in the evening)﴿([الفتح : ٩][Al-Fath: 9]
(So that you may believe in Allah and His Messenger, and support Him, and honor Him, and glorify Him, morning and evening) [Al-Fath: 9].
وَأَمَّاAnd as forتَعَدِّيَهَاits transferبِاللَّامِ؛with the lam;فَهِيَit isكثيرة؛many;فَكُلُّso everyالسُّورَsurahالْمَبْدُوءَةُthat beginsبِهَذَاwith thisمُتَعَدِّيَةٌis transferredبِاللَّامِ.with the lam.
And as for its transfer with the lam; it is many; so every surah that begins with this is transferred with the lam.
قَالَThe scholars said:الْعُلَمَاءُ:The scholars:وَإِذَاAnd ifأُرِيدُI wantمُجَرَّدًاmerelyالْفِعْلَ؛the action;تَعَدَّتْit transfersبِنَفْسِهَا:by itself:وَسَبِّحُوهُ؛And glorify Him;فَمَعْنَىthe meaning is﴿(وَتُسَبِّحُوهُ؛and you glorify Him;أَيْ:that is:تَقُولُوا :you say:سُبْحَانَGloryاللَّهِ!Allah!
The scholars said: And if I want merely the action; it transfers by itself: and you glorify Him; the meaning is that you say: Glory be to Allah!
وَإِذَاAnd ifأُرِيدُI wantبَيَانَclarificationالْقَصْدِof intention;وَالْإِخْلاَصَ؛and sincerity;تَعَدَّتْit transfersبِاللَّامِ،with the lam,وَيُسَبِّحُand glorified;لِلَّهِ؛for Allah;أَيْ:that is:سُبْحُواglorifyإِخْلَاصًاsincerelyلِلَّهِfor Allahوَاسْتِحْقَاقًا.and as a right.
And if I want clarification of intention and sincerity; it transfers with the lam, and glorified; for Allah; that is: glorify sincerely for Allah and as a right.
فَاللَّامُSo the lamهُنَاhereتُبَيِّنُclarifiesكَمَالَthe completenessالإرَادَةِof the willمِنَofالْفَاعِلِ،the doer,وَكَمَالَand the completenessالاِسْتِحْقَاقِof the rightاللَّهِ.of Allah.
So the lam here clarifies the completeness of the will of the doer, and the completeness of the right of Allah.
مِنَfromالْمُسَبِّح،the glorified,وَهُوَand He isوَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:﴿(مَاWhatفِيis inالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَمَاand whatفِيis inالْأَرْضِthe earth)(::عَامٌّis generalيَشْمَلُincludesكُلَّeveryشَيْءٍ.thing.
From the Glorified, and He is, and His saying: (What is in the heavens and what is in the earth) is general and includes every thing.
الْحَالُThe state.
The state.
لَكِنَّButالتَّسْبِيحُGlorificationنَوْعَانِ:is of two types:
But glorification is of two types:
تَسْبِيحٌGlorificationبِلِسَانِby the tongueالْمَقَالِ،of speech,وَتَسْبِيحٌand glorificationبِلِسَانِby the tongueالحَالِ؛of the state;فَأَمَّاAs forالتَّسْبِيحُthe glorificationبِلِسَانِby the tongueالْحَالِ؛of the state;فَهُوَit isعَامٌّ:general:
Glorification is by the tongue of speech, and glorification is by the tongue of the state; as for the glorification by the tongue of the state; it is general:
﴿(وَإِنْAnd ifمِّنَfromشَيْءٍanythingإِلَّاbutيُسَبِّحُglorifiesبِحَمْدِهِwith His praise
(And if there is anything except that glorifies with His praise) [Al-Isra: 44].
﴿([الإسراء: ٤٤][Al-Isra: 44]
[Al-Isra: 44]