وَأَحْكَامُAnd the rulingsاللَّهِof Allahعَزَّ وَجَلَّthe Exalted and Gloriousشَرْعِيَّةٌare legalوَكُونِيَّةٌand universalوَالْشَّرْعِيَّةُand the legalأَوَامِرُare commandsوَنَوَاه؛and prohibitions;فَالصَّبْرُSo patienceعَلَىonطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّهِto Allahصَبْرٌis patienceعَلَىonالْأَوَامِرِ،the commands,وَالصَّبْرُand patienceعَنْagainstمَعْصِيَتِهِHis disobedienceصَبْرٌis patienceعَنْagainstالنَّوَاهِيthe prohibitionsوَالْكُونِيَّةُand universalأَقْدَارُdecreesاللَّهِof Allahتَعَالَى،the Most High,فَيُصْبَرُthen one must be patientعَلَىonأَقْدَارِهِHis decreesوَقَضَائِهِand His destiny.
And the rulings of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, are legal and universal; the legal are commands and prohibitions; so patience in obeying Allah is patience on the commands, and patience against His disobedience is patience against the prohibitions, and the universal are the decrees of Allah, the Most High, in which one must be patient with His decrees and destiny.
وَهَذَاAnd thisمَعْنَىis the meaningقَوْلُof the sayingبَعْضِهِمof some of themالصَّبْرُpatienceثَلاثَةٌthreeأَقْسَامٌ:categories:صَبْرٌPatienceعَلَىonطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّهِ،to Allah,وَصَبْرٌand patienceعَنْagainstمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceاللَّهِ،to Allah,وَصَبْرٌand patienceعَلَىonأَقْدَارِdecreesاللَّهِof Allahالْمُؤْلِمَةِ.that are painful.
And this is the meaning of the saying of some of them that patience has three categories: patience on obedience to Allah, patience against the disobedience of Allah, and patience on the painful decrees of Allah.
فَقَوْلُهُThus His sayingتَعَالَى:the Most High:﴿﴿وَاصْبِرْAnd be patientلِحُكْمِfor the judgmentرَبِّكَ:of your Lord:يَتَنَاوَلُencompassesالأَقْسَامَthe categoriesالثَّلاثَةَ:three:١1--الصَّبْرُpatienceعَلَىonطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّه.to Allah.٢2--وَعَنْand againstمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceاللَّهof Allah.--وَعَلَىand onأَقْدَارِdecreesاللَّه.of Allah.
Thus His saying, the Most High: ﴿And be patient for the judgment of your Lord:﴾ encompasses the three categories: 1 - patience on obedience to Allah. 2 - and against disobedience to Allah. 3 - and on the decrees of Allah.
أَيْ:That is:اصْبِرْBe patientلِحُكْمِfor the judgmentرَبِّكَof your Lordالْكُونِيِّيthe universalوَالْشَّرْعِيِّي.and legal.
That is: be patient for the judgment of your Lord, the universal and the legal.
وَبِهَذَاAnd thusنَعْرِفُwe knowأَنَّthatالتَّصْنِيفَthe classificationالَّذِيthatذُكِرَwas mentionedالعُلَمَاءُ،by the scholars,وَقَالُوا:and they said:إِنَّIndeed,الصَّبْرَpatienceثَلاثَةٌthreeأَقْسَامٌ:categories:صَبْرٌPatienceعَلَىonطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّه،to Allah,وَصَبْرٌand patienceعَنْagainstمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceاللَّه،of Allah,وَصَبْرٌand patienceعَلَىonأَقْدَارِdecreesاللَّهof Allah،دَاخِلَis includedفِيinهَذِهِthisالْكَلِمَةِword:﴿﴿وَاصْبِرْAnd be patientلِحُكْمِfor the judgmentرَبِّكَof your Lordوَوَجْهِand the aspectالدُّخُولِof inclusionأَنَّthatالْحُكْمَthe judgmentإِمَّاis eitherكُونِيٍّuniversalوَإِمَّاorشَرْعِيٍّ،legal,وَالْشَّرْعِيُّand the legalأَوَامِرُcommandsوَنَوَاه،and prohibitions,وَالنَّبِيُّand the Prophetعَلَيْهِupon himالصَّلَاةُpeaceوَالسَّلاَمُand blessings,أَمَرَهُHe commanded himاللَّهُAllahعَزَّ وَجَلَّthe Exalted and Gloriousبِأَوَامِرَ،with commands,وَنَهَاهُand He forbade himعَنْagainstنَوَاه،the prohibitions,وَقَدَّرَand decreedعَلَيْهِupon himمَقْدُورَاتِ:the destinies:فَالأَوَامِرُSo the commandsمِثْلُ:for example:يَأَيُّهَاO Messenger,الرَّسُولُthe Messenger,بَلِّغْdeliverمَاwhatأُنزِلَwas revealedإِلَيْكَto youمِنofرَبِّكَyour Lord ﴾﴾[الْمَائِدَةُ:﴾[Al-Ma'idah:٦٧]،67],﴿﴿ادْعُCallإِلَىtoسَبِيلِthe pathرَبِّكَof your Lord﴾[النَّحْلُ:﴾[An-Nahl:١٢٥]،125],وَهَذِهِAnd theseأَوَامِرٌare commandsعَظِيمَةٌ؛great;يَعْنِي:meaning:لَوْIfقِيلَit is saidلِإِنْسَانٍto a person;اعْبُدْworshipرَبَّكَ؛your Lord;فَإِنَّهُhe couldيَتَمَكَّنُmanageمِنtoإِجَابَةٍan answerأَحَدُهُمَاof oneمِنْهُمَاof themأَنَّthatالْعِبَادَةَthe worshipلَاNoبُخْلٌstinginessوَلَكِنbutتَسْأَلُyou askمِمَّنْfrom whomتَسْتَطِيعُcouldأَنْthatتَقُولَyou sayدَعَاكَ؛called you;فَاقْبَلْso acceptالْعَمَلَ.the deed.
For example: 'O Messenger, deliver what was revealed to you from your Lord.' [Al-Ma'idah: 67], 'Call to the path of your Lord.' [An-Nahl: 125], and these are great commands; meaning: if it is said to a person, 'Worship your Lord;' he could manage to respond to one of them that worship is not stinginess, but that you may ask from whom you could say, 'He called you;' so accept the deed.