يَكونُto beلِلنَّفْيِfor negation
It is for negation.
هَذِهِthisقَاعِدَةٌrule
This is a rule.
قالَsaidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetعَلَيْهِpeace be upon himالصَّلَاةُprayerوَالسَّلَامُand peaceهَلْIsأَنتَyouإِلَّاexceptأَصْبَعٌfingerدُمِّيَتْbleeded
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: "Are you not except a bleeded finger?"
أَيُّthat isمَاnotأَنتَyou
Meaning: you are not.
وَمَعْنَىAnd the meaning ofيَنظُرُونَthey are waitingهُنَاhereيَنْتَظِرُونَthey are waitingلِأَنَّهَاbecause itلَمْdid notتَتَعَدَّexceedبِـbyإِلَىtoفَلَوْifتَعَدَّتْhad exceededبِـbyإِلَىtoلَكَانَتْit would have beenمَعْنَاهَاits meaningالنَّظَرُthe lookingبِالْعَيْنِwith the eyeغَالِبًاoftenأَمَّاbutإِذَاifتَعَدَّتْexceededبِنَفْسِهَاby itselfفَهِيَit isبِمَعْنَىmeaningيَنْتَظِرُونَthey are waitingأَيُّthat isمَاnotيَنْتَظِرُwaitingهَـٰؤُلَاءِtheseالمُكَذِّبُونَthe disbelieversإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatيَأْتِيَهُمُHe comes to themاللَّهُGodفِيinظُلَلٍshadowsمِنَfromالْغَمَامِthe cloudوَذَٰلِكَand thatيَوْمُdayالْقِيَامَةِof resurrection
And the meaning of: "They are waiting here" means they are waiting; because it did not exceed to "to"; if it had exceeded to "to", its meaning would have been looking with the eye often. But if it exceeds by itself, its meaning is they are waiting, that is, those disbelievers are not waiting except that God comes to them in shadows from the cloud, that is the Day of Resurrection.
يَأْتِيَهُمُHe comes to themاللَّهُGodفِيinظُلَلٍshadows
God comes to them in shadows.
وَهُوَAnd it isفِيinهُنَاhereبِمَعْنَىmeaningمَعَwithفَهِيَit isلِلْمُصَاحَبَةِfor companionshipوَلَيْسَتْand notلِلظَّرْفِيَّةِfor circumstantialقَطْعًاcertainlyلِأَنَّهَاbecause itلَوْifكَانَتْit wasلِلظَّرْفِيَّةِfor circumstantialكَانَتْit wasالظُّلَلُthe shadowsمُحِيطَةٌsurroundingبِاللَّهِwith Godوَمَعْلُومٌand knownأَنْthatاللَّهَGodتَعَالَىExalted is HeوَاسِعٌvastعَلِيمٌAll-Knowingوَلَاand notيُحِيطُsurroundsبِهِwith itشَيْءٌanythingمِنْofمَخْلُوقَاتِهِHis creation
And it is here meaning "with"; it is for companionship, and it is not for circumstantial certainly; because if it was for circumstantial, the shadows would be surrounding God, and it is known that God Almighty is vast and All-Knowing, and nothing of His creation surrounds Him.
فَـSoفِيinظُلَلٍshadowsأَيُّthat isمَعَwithالظُّلَلِthe shadowsفَإِنَّso thatاللَّهَGodعِندَatنُزُولِهِHis descentجَلَّgloryوَعَلَاand exaltedلِلْفَصْلِto separateبَيْنَbetweenعِبَادِهِHis servants
So, in shadows; that is, with shadows; for God, at His descent, glory and exaltedness, to separate between His servants.
تَشَقَّقُIt cracksالسَّمَاءُthe skyبِالْعَمَمِwith the clouds
The sky cracks with the clouds.
غَمَامٌcloudأَبْيَضُwhiteظُلَلٌshadowsعَظِيمَةٌgreatلِمَجِيءِfor the comingاللَّهِGodتَبَارَكَhas blessedوَتَعَالَىand exalted
The white clouds are great shadows, for the coming of God who is blessed and exalted.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd his sayingوَفِيand inظُلَلٍshadowsمِنَfromالْغَمَامِthe clouds
And his saying: "and in shadows from the clouds"
الْغَمَامُthe cloudقَالَsaidالْعُلَمَاءُthe scholarsإِنَّهُthat itالسَّحَابُthe cloudالأَبْيَضُthe whiteكَمَاasقَالَsaidتَعَالَىExalted is Heمُمْتَنًّاbeing graciousعَلَىtoبَنِيthe childrenإِسْرَائِيلَof Israelوَظَلَّلْنَاand We shadedعَلَيْكُمُon youالْغَمَامَthe cloud
The cloud, the scholars said, is the white cloud; as Allah Almighty said, being gracious to the children of Israel: "And We shaded you with the cloud."