هَذِهِthisالْآيَةُverseتَكْمِلَةٌcomplementلِقَوْلِهِto His sayingتَعَالَىthe Most HighإِنَّindeedاللَّهَAllahيَأْمُرُكُمْcommands youأَنْtoتُؤَدُّواofferالْأَمَانَاتِthe trustsإِلَىtoأَهْلِهَاits peopleوَإِذَاand whenحَكَمْتُمْyou judgeبَيْنَbetweenالنَّاسِthe peopleأَنْtoتَحْكُمُواjudgeبِالْعَدْلِwith justice
This verse is a continuation of His saying: 'Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice.'
فَأَمَرَSo He commandedعَزِيزٌThe Almightyوَجَلَالٌand Majesticبِأَنْthatنُؤَدِّيَwe deliverالأَمَانَاتَthe trustsإِلَىtoأَهْلِهَاits ownersوَمِنْهَاand among themالشَّهَادَةُthe testimonyلِلْإِنْسَانِfor a personلَهُto himأَوْorعَلَيْهِagainst himوَأَنْand thatنَحْكُمَwe judgeإِذَاifحَكَمْنَاwe ruledبَيْنَbetweenالنَّاسِthe peopleبِالْعَدْلِwith justice
Thus, the Almighty commanded that we should deliver the trusts to their rightful owners, including the testimony for a person for or against him, and that we should judge justly when we rule between people.
فَبَيَّنَSo He clarifiedاللَّهُAllahسُبْحَانَهُGlory be to Himوَتَعَالَىand the Most Highأَنَّهُthat Heيَأْمُرُنَاcommands usبِالْقِيَامِto performبِالْوَاجِبِthe dutyفِيinطَرِيقِthe wayالْحُكْمِof judgingوَفِيand inالْحُكْمِthe judgmentنَفْسِهِitselfوَطَرِيقِand the wayالْحُكْمِof judgingالَّذِيwhichهُوَisالشَّهَادَةُthe testimonyتَدْخُلُentersفِيintoعُمُومِthe general meaningقَوْلِهِHis sayingأَنْthatتُؤَدُّواyou offerالْأَمَانَاتِthe trustsإِلَىtoأَهْلِهَاits peopleوَandالْحُكْمَthe judgmentوَandإِذَاifحَكَمْتُمْyou judgeبَيْنَbetweenالنَّاسِthe peopleأَنْtoتَحْكُمُواjudgeبِالْعَدْلِwith justice
And Allah, the Most High, clarified that He commands us to perform the duty in the way of judgment and in the judgment itself, and that the way of judgment, which is testimony, falls under the general meaning of His saying: 'that you deliver the trusts to their rightful owners' and 'if you judge between the people, to judge with justice.'
ثُمَّThenقَالَHe saidسُبْحَانَهُGlory be to HimهُوَHeإِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahنِعْمَis bestيُعَظِّكُمْadmonishes youبِهَاthrough itلَهُfor HimأَصْلُهَاIts originنَعَمَis yesمَاwhatوَلكِنَّbutأَدْغَمَتْwas assimilatedالمِيمُthe memeبِالْمِيمِwith the memeمِنْfromبَابِthe doorالْإِدْغَامِassimilationالْكَبِيرِthe bigلِأَنَّbecauseالإِدْغَامَassimilationلاnotيَكُونُisبَيْنَbetweenجِنْسَيْنِtwo gendersإِلَّاexceptإِذاifكَانَwasالأَوَّلُthe firstسَاكِتًةًsilentوَهَنَاand hereصَارَit becameالْإِدْغَامُthe assimilationمَعَ أَنَّalthoughالأَوَّلُthe firstمَفْتُوحٌopen
Then He said: 'Indeed, Allah is the best admonisher through it.' The origin is 'yes what', but the meme was assimilated with the meme due to the large assimilation; because assimilation does not happen between two genders unless the first is silent, and here it became assimilation even though the first is open.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingهُوَHeنِعْمَis bestيُعَظِّكُمْadmonishes youبِهِthrough itجَعَلَmadeاللَّهُAllahسُبْحَانَهُGlory be to Himالْأَمْرَthe commandبِهَذَيْنِby these twoالشَّيْءَينِthingsأَدَاءَthe performanceالأَمَانَةِof the trustوَالحُكْمَand the judgmentبِالْعَدْلِwith justice
And His saying: 'Indeed, Allah is the best admonisher through it' made Allah, Glory be to Him, the commandment through these two things - the performance of trust and judging with justice.
لِأَنَّهُbecauseتَصْلَحُrectifiesبِهِwith itالْقُلُوبُthe heartsوَكُلَّand everyمَاwhatيُصْلِحُrectifiesالْقُلُوبِthe heartsفَهُوَso it isمَوْعِظَةٌan admonitionوَالْقِيَامُand the performanceبِهَذِهِof theseالأَوَامِرِcommandsلاnoشَكٌّdoubtأَنَّهُthat itيُصْلِحُrectifiesالْقَلْبَthe heart
Because it rectifies the hearts, and whatever rectifies the hearts, so it is an admonition, and the performance of these commands undoubtedly rectifies the heart.
ثُمَّThenقَالَHe saidإِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahكَانَwasسَمِيعًاAll-HearingبَصِيرًاAll-SeeingوَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingوَكَانَAnd wasهَذِهِthisفِعْلٌis an actionلَكِنَّهَاbut itمَسْلُوبَةٌis devoidالزَّمَنُof timeفَالْمُرَادُso the intended meaningبِهَاby itالدَّلَالَةُthe indicationعَلَىonالوَصْفِthe descriptionفَقَطonlyأَيْthatأَنْtoاللَّهَAllahمُتَّصِفٌis characterizedبِالسَّمِعِby hearingوَالبَّصَرِand seeingوَإِنَّمَاand indeedقُلْنَاwe saidإِنَّهَاthat itمَسْلُوبَةٌis devoidالزَّمَنُof timeلِأَنَّنَاbecause weلَوْifأَبْقَيْنَاهَاwe kept itعَلَىonدَّلَالَتِهَاits indicationالزَّمَانِيَّةِtimeلَكَانَit would have beenهَذَاthisالوَصْفُdescriptionقَدْhasانْتَهَىendedكَانَwasفِيinالأَوَّلِthe firstسَمِيعًاAll-HearingبَصِيرًاAll-SeeingأَمَّاAs forالْآنَnowفَلَيْسَis notكَذَلِكَthus
Then He said: 'Indeed, Allah was All-Hearing, All-Seeing.' And His saying 'And was' is an action, but it is devoid of time; the intended meaning is only to indicate the description that Allah is characterized by hearing and seeing. And indeed we said that it is devoid of time because if we kept it on its temporal indication, this description would have ended; it was in the beginning All-Hearing and All-Seeing, but now it is not so!
وَمَعْلُومٌAnd it is knownأَنَّthatهَذَاthisالْمَعْنَىmeaningفَاسِدٌis invalidبَاطِلٌfalseوَإِنَّمَاand indeedالْمُرَادُthe intended meaningأَنَّهُthat Heمُتَّصِفٌis characterizedبِهَذَيْنِby these twoالْأَمْرَيْنِthingsالْكَبِيرَيْنِthe majorالْمُصْطَلَحَانِthe terms
And it is known that this meaning is invalid and false, and indeed the intended meaning is that He is characterized by these two major terms.