السَّنَةُThe yearقَالَsaidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetعَلَيْهِupon himالصَّلاةُthe prayerوَالسَّلاَمُand peaceمَنْwhoاقْتَطَعَseizesشِبْرًاa spanمِنَofالأَرْضِthe landظُلْمًا؛unjustly;طَوَّقَهُwill enclose himاللَّهُAllahبِهِwith itيَوْمَthe dayالْقِيَامَةِof resurrection
The Prophet said, 'Whoever seizes a span of land unjustly, Allah will enclose him with it on the Day of Resurrection from seven earths.'
وَقَوْلُهُ:And his saying:مَنْWhoذَاis thatالَّذِيwhoيَشْفَعُintercedesعِندَهُwith Him;إِلَّاexceptبِإِذْنِهِ:by His permission:هُوَIt isمَنْwhoذَا:that:اسْمٌa nameاسْتِفْهَامٍof inquiryأَوْorنَقُولُwe sayمَنْ:who:اسْمٌa nameاسْتِفْهَامٍ،of inquiry,وَandذَاكَ:that:مُلْغًى،is discarded,أَنْto beتَكُونَto beذَاthatاسْمًاa nounمَوْصُولًاrelativeفِيinمِثْلِsuchهَذَاthisالتَّرْكِيبِ؛construction;وَلَاAnd notيَصِحُّvalid;لِأَنَّهُbecause itيَكُونُwould beمَعْنًىthe meaningالْجُمْلَةِof the sentenceمِنَwhoالَّذِيthatالَّذِي!that!وَهَذَاAnd thisلَاnotيَسْتَقِيمُ.is right.
And His saying: 'Who is that who intercedes with Him, except by His permission:' It is who is that: a name of inquiry or we say who: a name of inquiry, and that is discarded, as it requires 'that' to be a relative in such a construction; and it is not valid because the meaning of the sentence would be "who that!" and this does not hold.
وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:مَنْWhoذَاis thatالَّذِيwhoيَشْفَعُintercedesعِندَهُ:with Him:الشَّفَاعَةُIntercessionفِيinاللُّغَةِ:the language:جَعَلَmakingالْوَتْرَthe oddشَفْعًا؛even;قَالَHe saidتَعَالَى:the Almighty:وَالْشَّفْعِAnd the evenوَالْوَتْرِand the odd.وَفِيAnd inالْاصْطِلَاحِ:the conventional terminology:هِيَIt isالتَّوَسُّطُthe mediationلِلْغَيْرِfor othersبِجَلْبِto bringمَنْفَعَةٍbenefitأَوْorدَفْعِto repelمَضَرَّةٍ؛harm;فَمَثَلًا:For example:شَفَاعَةٌIntercessionالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetلِلنَّاسِfor the peopleفِيinالْمَوْقِفِthe standingأَنْthatيُقْضَىthey are judgedبَيْنَهُمْ:between them:هَذِهِThisشَفَاعَةٌintercessionبِدَفْعِby repellingمَضَرَّةٍ،harm,وَشَفَاعَتُهُand his intercessionلِأَهْلِfor the peopleالْجَنَّةِof paradiseأَنْthatيَدْخُلُوهَاthey enter itبِجَلْبِby bringingمَنْفَعَةٍ.benefit.
And His saying: 'Intercession in language is making the odd even; Allah the Almighty said: "And the even and the odd.” In conventional terms, it is the mediation for others to bring benefit or repel harm; for example: the intercession of the Prophet for the people of standing, that they are judged between them: this intercession is by repelling harm, and his intercession for the people of paradise that they enter it by bringing benefit.
وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:عِندَهُ؛with Him;أَيْ:i.e.:عِندَAtاللَّهِ.Allah.
And His saying: 'with Him; i.e., at Allah.
وَAndإِلَّاexceptبِإِذْنِهِ؛by His permission;أَيْ:i.e.:إِذْنُهُHis permission to him,لَهُ،to him,وَهَذِهِand thisتُفِيدُindicatesإِثْبَاتَthe establishmentالشَّفَاعَةِ،of intercession,لَكِنbutبِشَرْطِon the conditionأَنْthatيَأْذَنْ،He permits,وَوَجْهُand the reasonذَلِكَof it isأَنَّهُthat itلَوْلَاif not forثُبُوتِهَا؛its establishment;لَكَانَit would have beenالِاسْتِثْنَاءُthe exceptionفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingإِلَّاexceptبِإِذْنِهِ:by His permission:لَغْوًىnonsense,لَاnoفَائِدَةٍbenefitفِيهِ.in it.
And His saying: 'except by His permission; i.e., His permission to him, and this indicates the establishment of intercession, but on the condition that He permits, and the reason for that is that if not for its establishment, the exception in His saying 'except by His permission:' would be nonsense, with no benefit in it.
وَذُكِرَهَاAnd it is mentionedبَعْدَafterقَوْلِهِ:His saying:لَهُto Himمَاwhatفِيis inالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavens ...:يُفِيدُindicatesأَنَّthatهَذَاthisالْمُلْكُsovereigntyالَّذِيwhichهُوَisخَاصٌّspecialبِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ؛to Allah the Almighty;أَنَّهُthat itمُلْكٌsovereigntyتَامٌّcomplete;السُّلطَانُ؛authority;بِمَعْنَىmeaningأَنَّهُthat itلَاnoأَحَدٌoneيَسْتَطِيعُcanأَنْtoيَتَصَرَّفَactوَلَاnorبِالشَّفَاعَةِby intercessionالَّتِيwhichهِيَisإِلَّاexceptبِإِذْنِwith permissionاللَّهِof Allahوَهَذَاand thisمِنْis ofتَمَامِthe fullnessرُبُوبِيَّتِهِof His Lordshipوَسُلْطَانِهِand His Sovereigntyعَزَّ وَجَلَّ.the Almighty.
And it is mentioned after His saying: 'To Him is what is in the heavens ...: it indicates that this sovereignty which is special to Allah the Almighty; that it is complete authority; meaning that no one can act nor by intercession except by the permission of Allah and that this is an indication of the fullness of His Lordship and Sovereignty the Almighty.
رَوَاهُNarratedالْبُخَارِيُّby Al-Bukhari(٢٤٥٢)،(2452),وَمُسْلِمٌand Muslim(١٦١٠)؛(1610);عَنْbyسَعِيدٍSaeedابْنِbinزَيْدٍZaidرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُ.with him.
Narrated by Al-Bukhari (2452), and Muslim (1610); by Saeed bin Zaid, may Allah be pleased with him.