يُنافيcontradictsالمَعنىthe meaningالأوَّلthe first,,لأَنَّهُbecause itيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىonغِنَاهُHis richnessبِنَفْسِهِby Himselfعَنْfromجَمِيعِallخَلْقِهِof His creation
It contradicts the first meaning because it indicates His richness by Himself from all His creation.
وَقِيلَAnd it is said::الصَّمَدُAs-Samadبِمَعْنَىmeansالمَفْعُولِthe object؛;أَيthat isالمَصْمُودُthe one to whom is directedإِلَيْهِto Him؛;أَيthat isالَّذِيthe one whoتَصْمُدُturns toإِلَيْهِto Him؛;الْخَلَائِقُthe creaturesفِيinحَوَائِجِهَاtheir needs؛;بِمَعْنَىmeaningتَمِيلُthey leanإِلَيْهِto Himوَتَنْتَهِيand come to an end atإِلَيْهِto Himوَتَرْفَعُand raiseإِلَيْهِto Himحَوَائِجَهَاher needs؛;فَهُوَSo He isبِمَعْنَىin the sense ofالَّذِيthe one whoيَحْتَاجُneedsإِلَيْهِto Himكُلَّeveryoneأَحَدٍone
And it is said: As-Samad means the object; that is, the one to whom is directed; that is, the one who turns to Him; the creatures in their needs; meaning they lean to Him and come to Him in their needs; so He is in the sense of the one who needs Him, every individual.
هَذِهِTheseالأَقَاوِيلُsayingsلَاdo notتُنَافيcontradictبَعْضَهَاeach otherبَعْضًاsomeفِيْمَاin terms ofيَتَعَلَّقُrelatedبِاللَّهِto Allahعَزَّthe Almightyوَجَلَّand Exalted,,وَلِهَذَاand for this reasonنَقُولُwe say::إِنَّthatالمَعَانِيthe meaningsكُلَّهَاallثَابِتَةare ثابتة;
These sayings do not contradict each other regarding Allah the Almighty and Exalted; therefore, we say that all meanings are ثابتة;
وَنَفْسِرُهَاAnd we interpretبِتَفْسِيرٍby an interpretationجازمٍcomprehensive,,فَنَقُولُso we sayالصَّمَدُAs-Samad::هُوَHe isالْكَامِلُthe perfectفِيinصِفَاتِهِHis attributes,,الَّذِيwhoافْتَقَرَتْare in needإِلَيْهِof HimجَمِيعُallمَخْلُوقَاتِهِHis creations؛;فَهِيَSo theyصَامِدَةٌare reliantإِلَيْهِon Him
And we interpret by a comprehensive interpretation: As-Samad is the perfect one in His attributes, who all His creations are in need of Him; so they are reliant on Him.
وَحِينَئِذٍAnd thenيَتَّبَيَّنُit becomes clearلَكَto youالمَعْنَىthe meaningالْعَظِيمُgreatفِيinكَلِمَةِthe word(الصِّمَدُ(As-Samad::أَنَّهُthat Heمُسْتَغِنٍis self-sufficientعَنْfromكُلِّeverythingمَاthat whichسِوَاهُis besides Himكَامِلٌperfectفِيinكُلِّallمَاwhatيُوَصَفُis describedبِهِby Him,,وَأَنَّand thatسِوَاهُbesides Himمُفْتَقِرٌis in needإِلَيْهِof Him
And then it becomes clear to you the great meaning in the word (As-Samad): that He is self-sufficient from everything besides Him, perfect in all that is described by Him, and that everything besides Him is in need of Him.
جَمِيعُAllفَلَوSo ifقَالَsomeone saysلَكَto youقَائِلٌthe speaker::إِنَّthatاللَّهَAllahاسْتَوَىascendedعَلَىuponالْعَرْشِthe throne؛;هَلDoesاسْتَوَاؤُهُHis ascendingعَلَىuponالْعَرْشِthe throneبِمَعْنَىmeanأَنَّهُthat Heمُفْتَقِرٌis in needإِلَىtoالْعَرْشِthe throne.بِحَيْثُto the extent thatلَوifأُزِيلَremovedلَسَقَطَHe would fall
So if someone says to you: Does Allah ascended upon the throne; does His ascending upon the throne mean that He is in need of the throne to the extent that if it were removed, He would fall?
فَالجَوَابُThe answerلَاis noكَلَّاNo::لِأَنَّBecauseاللَّهَAllahصَمَدٌis As-Samadكَامِلٌperfectغَيْرُnotمُحْتَاجٌin needإِلَىtoالْعَرْشِthe throne,,بَلْbutالْعَرْشَthe throneوَالسَّمَاوَاتِand the heavensوَالْكُرْسِيَّand the chairوَالْمَخْلُوقَاتِand all creaturesكُلُّهَاallمُحْتَاجَةٌare in needإِلَىofاللَّهِAllah,,وَاللَّهُand Allahفِيis inغِنًىwealthعَنْهَاfrom them;فَنَأْخُذُهَاSo we take itمِنْfromكَلِمَةِthe word(الصَّمَدُ(As-Samad..
The answer is no; because Allah is As-Samad, perfect and not in need of the throne; but the throne and the heavens and the chair and all creatures are in need of Allah, and Allah is in wealth from them; so we take it from the word (As-Samad).
لَوIfقَالَsomeone saysقَائِلٌthe speaker::هَلDoesاللَّهُAllahيَأْكُلُeatأَوorيَشْرَبُdrink؟?أَقُولُI sayكَلَّاno;لِأَنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahصَمَدٌis As-Samad.
If someone says: Does Allah eat or drink? I say: No; because Allah is As-Samad.
وَبِهَذَاAnd with thisنَعْرِفُwe knowأَنَّthatالصَّمَدُAs-Samad(كَلِمَةٌ(the wordجَامِعَةٌcomprehensiveلِجَمِيعِfor allصِفَاتٍattributes١٦١161
And with this, we know that As-Samad (the word) is comprehensive for all attributes.