مُطْلَقٌ،absolute,صِفَةٌattributeكَمَالٌperfectionمُقَيَّدٌrestrictedصِفَةٌattributeنَقْصٌdeficiencyمُطْلَقٌ.absolute.
Absolute, an attribute of perfection; restricted, an attribute of deficiency.
أَمَّاAs forصِفَةُthe attributeالكَمَالِof perfectionعَلَىinالإِطْلاقِ؛the absolute;فَهِيَit isثَابِتَةٌestablishedلِلَّهِfor Allahعَزِيزٌthe Mightyوَجَلَّ؛and Majestic;كَالمُتَكَلِّمِ،like the speaker,وَالْفَعَّالِand the doerلِمَاof whatيُرِيدُHe willsوَالْقَادِرُand the able...وَنَحْوٌand similarذَلِكَ.to that.
As for the attribute of perfection in the absolute; it is established for Allah, the Mighty and Majestic; like the speaker, and the doer of what He wills and the able... and similar to that.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forصِفَةُthe attributeالكَمَالِof perfectionبِقَيْدٍ؛with a restriction;فَهَذِهِthisلَاnotيُوصَفُdescribedاللَّهُAllahبِهَاby itعَلَىinالإِطْلاقِthe absoluteإِلَّاexceptمُقَيَّدًا؛restricted;مِثْلَ:like:الْمَكْرِtreachery,وَالخِداعِ،and deception,وَالِاسْتَهْزَاءِ...and mockery...وَمَاand whatأَشْبَهَresemblesذَلِكَ؛that;فَهَذِهِthisصِفَاتٌattributesكَمَالِof perfectionبِقَيْدٍwith a restrictionإِذَاifكُنَّتْthey wereفِيinمُقَابَلَةِoppositionمِنْof those whoيَفْعَلُونَdo that;فَإِنَّهَاthen it isکَمَالٌperfectionوَإِنْand ifذُكِرَتْit is mentionedمُطْلَقً؛absolute;فَلَاit is notتَصِحُّvalidبِالنِّسْبَةِin regardsلِلَّهِ،to Allah,عَزِيزِthe Mightyوَجَلَّ،and Majestic,وَلِهَذَاand thusلَاnotيَصِحُّis validإِطْلَاقُthe useوَصْفَهُof the descriptionبِالْمَاكِرِof being deceitfulأَوْorالْمُسْتَهْزِئِthe mockerأَوْorالخَادِعِ،the deceiver,بَلْratherتَقَيَّدَit must be restrictedفَنَقُولُso we sayمَاكِرٌdeceitfulبِالْمَاكِرِينَ،with the deceivers,مُسْتَهْزِئٌmockingبِالْمُنَافِقِينَ،with the hypocrites,خَادِعٌdeceivingلِلْمُنَافِقِينَ،the hypocrites,کَائِدٌplottingلِلْكَافِرِينَ؛against the disbelievers;فَتَقَيَّدَهَا؛then restrict them;لِأَنَّهَاbecause they hasلَمْneverتَأْتِcomeإِلَّاexceptمُقَيَّدَةً.restricted.
And as for the attribute of perfection with a restriction; this is described for Allah only in a restricted manner; like: treachery, deception, and mocking... and what resembles that; these are attributes of perfection if they are in opposition to those who do them; but if mentioned absolutely; they are not valid in regards to Allah the Mighty and Majestic, and thus it is not valid to describe Him as treacherous or a mocker or a deceiver; rather it must be restricted, so we say He is deceitful with the deceivers, mocking with the hypocrites, deceiving the hypocrites, plotting against the disbelievers; so restrict them; because they have never come except restricted.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forصِفَةُthe attributeالنَّقْصِof deficiencyعَلَىinالإِطْلاقِ؛the absolute;فَهَذِهِthisلَاnotيُوصَفُis describedاللَّهُAllahبِهَاby itبِأَيِّin anyحَالٍconditionمِنْofالأَحْوَالِ؛the cases;كَالعَاجِزِlike the impotentوَالخَائِنِand the traitor,وَالأَعْمَى،and the blind,وَالأَصَمِّ؛and the deaf;لِأَنَّهَاbecause they areنَقْصٌdeficiencyعَلَىinالإِطْلاقِ؛the absolute;فَلَاtherefore, notيُوصَفُis describedاللَّهُAllahبِهَاby itوَانظُرْAnd lookإِلَىtoالتَّفْرِيقِthe differenceبَيْنَbetweenخَادِعٍthe deceiverوَخَائِنٍ؛and the traitor;قَالَAllah saidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى:the Most High:﴿﴿إِنَّIndeed,الْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesيُخَدِعُونَdeceiveاللَّهَAllah;وَandهُوَHe isخَدِعُهُمْdeceiver of them.﴾[النِّسَاءِ:﴾[An-Nisa:١٤٢]؛142];فَأَثْبَتَSo He confirmedخِداعَهُHis deceptionلِمَنْfor whomeverخَدَعَهُ،deceive Him,لَكِنَّbutقَالَHe saidفِيinالْخِيَانَةِ:betrayal:﴿﴿وَإِنْAnd ifيُرِيدُواthey wantخِيَانَتَكَyour betrayal,فَقَدْthen they haveخَانُواbetrayedاللَّهَAllahمِنْfromقَبْلُbefore;فَأَمْكَنَthen He overpoweredمِنْهُمْto them;﴾[الْأَنْفَالِ:﴾[Al-Anfal:۷١]،71];وَلَمْAnd did notيَقُلْsay:فَخَانَهُمْ؛He betrayed them;لِأَنَّbecauseالْخِيَانَةُthe betrayalخِداعٌis a deceptionفِيinمَقَامِthe stationالْأَئْمَانِ،of trust,وَالْخِداعُand deceptionفِيinمَقَامِthe rankالْأَئْمَانِof trustنَقْصٌ؛is deficiency;وَلَيْسَand notفِيهِis in itمَدْحٌpraiseأَبَدًا.at all.فَإِذًا؛So then;صِفَاتُAttributesالنَّقْصِof deficiencyمَنْفِيَّةٌare negatedعَنْfromاللَّهِAllahمُطْلَقًا.absolutely.وَالصِّفَاتُAnd the attributesالْمَأْخُوذَةُtakenمِنَfromالْأَسْمَاءِthe namesهِيَareكَمَالٌperfectionبِكُلِّin everyحَالٍ،situation,وَيَكُونُand it is
And as for the attribute of deficiency in the absolute; this is not described for Allah in any case; like the impotent, the traitor, the blind, and the deaf; because they are deficiency absolutely; therefore, Allah is not described by it. And look to the difference between the deceiver and the traitor; Allah the Most High said: "Indeed, the hypocrites deceive Allah; and He is the deceiver of them." [An-Nisa: 142]; So He confirmed His deception for whomever deceived Him, but He said in the betrayal: "And if they want your betrayal, then they have betrayed Allah before; then He overpowered them. [Al-Anfal: 71]; and did not say: He betrayed them; because the betrayal is deception in the station of trust, and deception in the station of trust is deficiency; and not in it is any praise at all. So then; the attributes of deficiency are negated from Allah absolutely. And the attributes taken from the names are perfection in every situation, and it is affirmative.