الرُّسُلُthe messengersمِنَfromالوَحْيِthe revelationكَالْقُرْآنِlike the Quranالْعَظِيمِthe greatوَهُوَand it isآيَةًa signلِقَوْلِهِfor His sayingتَعَالَى(exalted)تِلْكَthoseوَأَيَةٍand the signاللَّهِof AllahنَتْلُوهَاWe recite itعَلَيْكَto youبِالْحَقِّin truthوَإِنَّكَand indeed you areلَمِنَof theالْمُرْسَلِينَmessengers[البَقَرَةِ: ٢٥٢][Al-Baqarah: 252]
The messengers are from the revelation; like the great Quran, and it is a sign; for His saying: 'Those are the signs of Allah; We recite them to you in truth and indeed you are from the messengers.' [Al-Baqarah: 252]
وَقَالُواAnd they saidلَوْلَاWhy notأُنزِلَwas sent downعَلَيْهِto himوَأَيَةٍa signمِنْfromرَبِّهِhis LordقُلْSayإِنَّمَاIndeedالْأَيَةُthe signعِندَwithاللَّهِAllahوَإِنَّمَاand indeedأَنَاI amنَذِيرٌa warnerمُّبِينٌclearأَوَلَمْDid notيَكْفِهِمْsuffice themأَنَّاthat Weأَنزَلْنَاsent downعَلَيْكَto youالْكِتَابَthe Bookيُتْلَىis recitedعَلَيْهِمْto them[الْعَنْكَبُوتِ: ٥٠ - ٥١][Al-Ankabut: 50-51]
And they said, 'Why has not a sign been sent down to him from his Lord?' Say, 'Indeed the sign is with Allah, and indeed I am a clear warner.' Did it not suffice them that We sent down to you the Book which is recited to them? [Al-Ankabut: 50-51]
فَجَعَلَهُSo He made itآيَاتٍsignsوَيَكُونُAnd there will beالْإِلْحَادُthe deviationفِيهَاin itإِمَّاeitherبِتَكْذِيبِهَاby denying itأَوْorتَحْرِيفِهَاdistorting itأَوْorمُخَالَفَتِهَاcontradicting it::فَتَكْذِيبُهَاSo denying itأَنْthatيَقُولَhe saysلَيْسَتْis notمِنْfromعِندَatاللَّهِAllahفَيَكْذِبُand he deniesبِهَاitأَصْلاًoriginallyأَوْorيُكَذِّبُhe deniesبِمَاwhatجَاءَcameفِيهَاin itمِنَofالْخَبَرِthe newsمَعَwithتَصْدِيقِهِhis affirmationبِالْأَصْلِin the originalفَيَقُولُSo he saysمَثَلًاfor example::قِصَّةُthe storyأَصْحَابِof the Companionsالْكَهْفِthe caveلَيْسَتْis notصَحِيحَةًcorrectوَقِصَّةُand the storyأَصْحَابِof the Companionsالْفِيلِof the elephantلَيْسَتْis notصَحِيحَةًcorrectوَاللَّهُand Allahلَمْdid notيُرْسِلْsendعَلَيْهِمْupon themطَيْرًاbirdsأَبَابِيلَswarming
As for denying it: he says, 'It is not from Allah,' and he denies it fundamentally, or he denies what came in it of the news while affirming the original. So he says, for example: 'The story of the Companions of the Cave is not correct and the story of the Companions of the Elephant is not correct, and Allah did not send against them birds in swarms.'
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالْتَحْرِيفُ؛the distortion;فَهُوَit isتَغْيِيرٌchangingلَفْظِهَا،its wording,أوorصَرْفٌturningمَعْنَاهَاits meaningعَمَّاfrom whatأَرَادَintendedاللَّهُAllahبِهَاby it;وَرَسُولِهِ؛and His Messenger;مَثَلَlikeأَنْthatيَقُولَ؛he says;اسْتَوَىHe ascendedعَلَىuponالْعَرْشِ؛the Throne;أَيْ:that is:اسْتَوَلَى،He dominated,أوorيَنْزِلُdescendsرَبُّنَاOur Lordإِلَىtoالسَّمَاءِthe skyالدُّنْيَا؛the lower (Earth);أَيْ:that is:يَنْزِلُHe sends downأَمْرَهُ.His command.
As for the distortion; it is changing its wording, or turning its meaning away from what Allah intended by it and His Messenger; like that he says: 'He ascended upon the Throne;' that is: 'He dominated,' or 'Our Lord descends to the lowest heaven;' that is: 'He sends down His command.'
وَأَمَّاAs forمُخَالَفَتِهَا؛contradicting it;فَبِتْرْكِit is by leavingالْأَوَامِرِthe commandsأوorفِعْلِdoingالنَّوَاهِي.the prohibitions.
As for contradicting it; it is by leaving the commands or doing the prohibitions.
قَالَAllah saidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى(exalted)فِيinالْمَسْجِدِthe mosqueالْحَرَامِ:the Sacred Mosque:وَمَنAnd whoeverيُرِدْwantsفِيهِin itبِالْحَادِمِto do wrongبِظُلْمٍby injusticeتُذِقَهُyou will make him tasteمِنْofعَذَابٍtormentأَلِيمٍ﴾painful﴾[الحَجِّ: ۲۵][Al-Hajj: 25]
Allah (exalted) said in the Sacred Mosque: 'And whoever wants to do wrong in it by injustice, you will make him taste of a painful torment.' [Al-Hajj: 25]
فَكُلُّSo allالْمَعَاصِيsinsإِلْحَادٌis deviationفِيinالْآيَاتِthe versesالشَّرْعِيَّةِ؛legislative;لِأَنَّهُbecauseخُرُوجٌdepartureبِهَاwith themعَمَّاfrom whatيَجِبُmustلَهَا؛for them;إِذْasالْوَاجِبُthe obligationعَلَيْنَاupon usأَنْtoنَمْتَثِلَobeyالْأَوَامِرَthe commandsوَأَنْand toنَجْتَنِبَto avoidالنَّوَاهِي؛the prohibitions;فَإِنْ لَمْAnd if we do notنَقُمnot doبِذَٰلِكَ؛so with that;فَهَذَاthisإِلْحَادٌ.is deviation.
So all sins are deviation in the legislative verses; because it is a departure from what must be for them; as the obligation upon us is to obey the commands and to avoid the prohibitions; and if we do not do so, then this is deviation.