الكَامِلُthe completeبِالنّاقِصِwith the incompleteيَجْعَلُهُmakes itنَاقِصاًincompleteبَلْratherذِكْرَmentionالْمُفَاضَلَةِof the comparisonبَيْنَهُمَاbetween themيَجْعَلُهُmakes it
The complete with the incomplete makes it incomplete; rather, the mention of the comparison between them makes it incomplete.
إلاَّexceptإِذاifكَانَwasفِيinمَقَامِthe positionالتَّحَدِّيof challengeكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىthe Most Highخَيْرٌis better thanأَمَّاthat whichيُشْرِكُونَthey associate partners
Except if it is in the position of challenge; as in His saying, the Most High: "Is Allah better than what they associate as partners?"
وَقَوْلِهِAnd His sayingقُلْSayأَنتُمْYou areأَعْلَمُmore knowledgeableأَمِorاللَّهُAllah
And His saying: "Say: Are you more knowledgeable or is Allah?"
وَفِيAnd inقَوْلِهِHis sayingلَيْسَis notكَمِثْلِهِlike Himشَيْءٌanything
And in His saying: "There is nothing like Him" is a clear rejection to those who liken Him and affirm that Allah, the Most High, has a parallel.
وَحُجَّةَAnd the argumentهَذَاof theseيَقُولُونَthey sayإِنَّthatالْقُرْآنَthe Quranعَرَبِيٌّis Arabicوَإِذاand ifكَانَit isعَرَبِيًّاArabicفَقَدْthenخَاطَبَنَاaddressed usاللهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most Highبِمَاwith whatنَفْهَمُwe understandوَلَاand notيُمْكِنُit canأَنْtoيُخَاطِبَنَاaddress usبِمَاwith whatلَاnotنَفْهَمُwe understand
And the argument of these is: The Quran is Arabic, and if it is Arabic, then Allah addressed us with what we understand, and He cannot address us with what we do not understand.
وَقَدْAnd He hasخَاطَبَنَاaddressed usاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most HighفَقَالَsayingإِنَّthatلَهُHe hasوَجْهٌa faceوَإِنَّand thatلَهُHe hasعَيْنٌan eyeوَإِنَّand thatلَهُHe hasيَدَانِtwo hands......وَمَاand whatأَشْبَهَis similarذَلِكَto thatوَنَحْنُand weلَاdo notنَعْقِلُunderstandبِمُقْتَضَىby the implication ofاللُّغَةِthe languageالْعَرَبِيَّةِArabicمِنْofهَذِهِtheseالأَشْيَاءِthingsإِلَّاexceptمِثْلَlikeمَاwhatنَشَاهِدُwe seeوَعَلَىand onهَذَاthisفَيَجِبُit is necessaryأَنْtoيَكُونَbeمَدلُولٌthe implicationهَذِهِof theseالْكَلِمَاتِwordsمُمَاثِلاًsimilarلِمَدْلُولِهَاto their implicationsبِالنِّسْبَةِin relation toلِلْمَخْلُوقَاتِcreaturesيَدٌhandيَدٌhandوَعَيْنٌand eyeوَعَيْنٌand eyeوَوَجْهٌand faceوَوَجْهٌand face
And Allah the Most High addressed us, saying: He has a face and that He has an eye, and that He has two hands... and what is similar to that. And we do not understand by the implication of the Arabic language of these things except like what we see. Thus, it is necessary that the implication of these words is similar to their implications in relation to the creatures: hand and hand, eye and eye, face and face... etc.
وَهَكَذَاAnd likewiseفَنَحْنُweإِنَّمَاonlyقُلْنَاwe saidبِذَلِكَthatلَأَنَّbecauseلَدَيْنَاwe haveدَلِيلًاevidence
And likewise; we only said that because we have evidence.
وَلَاAnd notشَكٌّdoubtأَنَّthatهَذِهِthisالْحُجَّةُargumentوَاهِيَةٌis weakوَيُوهِيَهَاand weakens itمَاwhatسَبَقَhas precededمِنْofبَيَانٍstatementأَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahلَيْسَis notلَهُfor Himمَثِيلٌa parallel
And there is no doubt that this argument is weak, and it is weakened by what has preceded of the statement that Allah has no parallel.
وَنَقُولُAnd we sayإِنَّthatاللَّهَAllahخَاطَبَنَاaddressed usبِمَاwith whatخَاطَبَنَاaddressed usبِهِwith itمِنْofصِفَاتِهِHis attributesلَكِنَّاbut weنَعْلَمُknowعِلْمًاknowledgeيَقِينًاcertainأَنْthatالصِّفَةَthe attributeبِحَسَبِis according toالْمَوْصُوفِthe describedوَدَلِيلٌand evidenceهَذَاthisفِيinالشَّاهِدِthe witnessفَإِنَّهُfor indeedيُقَالُit is saidلِلْجَمَلِto the camelيَدٌhandوَلِلذَّرَّةِand to the atomيَدٌhandوَلَاand notأَحَدٌanyoneيَفْهَمُunderstandsمِنْfromالْيَدِthe handالَّتِيwhichأَضَفْنَاهَاwe addedإِلَىtoالْجَمَلِthe camelأَنَّهَاthat itمِثْلٌis likeالْيَدِthe handالَّتِيwhichأَضَفْنَاهَاwe addedإِلَىtoالذَّرَّةِthe atomهَذَاthisوَهُوَand thisفِيinالْمَخْلُوقَاتِthe creaturesفَكَيْفَso howإِذاifكَانَit wasذَلِكَthatمِنْofالْخَالِقِthe Creatorفَإِنَّfor indeedالتَّبَايُنَthe differenceيَكُونُisأَظْهَرَmore apparentوَأَجْلَىand more clear
And we say: Allah addressed us with what He addressed us with of His attributes. But we know with certainty that the attribute is according to the described, and evidence of this is in the witness; for indeed it is said to the camel: hand and to the atom: hand, and no one understands from the hand that we added to the camel that it is like the hand that we added to the atom! This is in the creatures; so how if that is from the Creator? For indeed the difference would be more apparent and clearer.
أَوْصَافٌAttributes
Attributes.