وَقَدِAndاتَّفَقَagreedالْعُلَمَاءُthe scholars
And the scholars have agreed
فِيمَاas far asنَعْلَمُwe know
as far as we know
مِنَfromالصَّحَابَةِthe Companionsوَالتَّابِعِينَand the Successorsوَالْأَئِمَّةِand the Imams
among the Companions, the Successors, and the Imams
عَلَىuponكَرَاهَةِthe dislikeالْحَلْفِof swearingبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllah
upon the dislike of swearing by other than Allah
وَالنَّهْيِand the prohibitionعَنْهُof it
and the prohibition of it
وَأَنَّand thatالْيَمِينَthe oathلَاdoes notتَنْعَقِدُtake effect
and that the oath does not take effect
وَلَاand norيَجِبُis requiredفِيهِin itكَفَّارَةٌan expiation
and no expiation is required in it
إِذَاifحَنِثَone breaks it
if he breaks it
إِلَّاExceptأَنَّهُمْthat theyاخْتَلَفُواdiffered
Except that they differed
فِيمَاregardingإِذَاwhenحَلَفَone swearsبِرَسُولِby the Messenger ofاللَّهِAllahصَلَّىmay peaceاللَّهُof Allahعَلَيْهِbe upon himوَسَلَّمَand blessingsخَاصَّةًspecifically
regarding when one swears by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, specifically
ثُمَّThenمِنْfromأَصْحَابِthe companions ofالْأَئِمَّةِthe Imamsمَنْthere is one whoقَالَsaid
Then among the companions of the Imams, there is one who said
يُكْرَهُIt is dislikedالْحَلْفُswearingبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllahتَنْزِيهًاas a dislike of tanzih (non-prohibitive)وَلَاand notيَحْرُمُforbidden
Swearing by other than Allah is disliked as tanzih and is not forbidden
وَقَطَعَAnd decidedالْبَاقُونَthe restبِأَنَّهُthat itحَرَامٌis forbidden
And the rest decided firmly that it is forbidden
وَهَذَاAnd thisهُوَisالصَّوَابُthe correct view
And this is the correct view
لِأَنَّbecauseالنَّبِيَّthe Prophetصَلَّىpeaceاللَّهُof Allahعَلَيْهِbe upon himوَسَلَّمَand blessingsأَخْبَرَinformedأَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahيَنْهَانَاforbids usعَنْهُfrom it
because the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, informed us that Allah forbids us from it
وَمَاand whatنَهَانَاforbade usاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُfrom itفَهُوَthen it isحَرَامٌforbidden
and whatever Allah forbade us from is forbidden
إِلَّاexceptأَنْthatيَقُومَthere standsدَلِيلٌa proofعَلَىthatأَنَّهُitتَنْزِيهٌis a dislike (tanzih)
except that a proof is established that it is a dislike (tanzih)
وَأَخْبَرَand he informedأَنَّthatهَذَاthisشِرْكٌis shirkوَكُفْرٌand kufr
and he informed that this is shirk and kufr
وَكُلُّand everyمَاwhatسُمِّيَis namedكُفْرًاkufrوَشِرْكًاand shirk
and everything that is named kufr and shirk
فَأَقَلُّthen the leastدَرَجَاتِهِof its degreesأَنْis thatيَكُونَit isحَرَامًاforbidden
then the least of its degrees is that it is forbidden
وَإِنَّمَاAnd indeedسَمَّاهُhe called itشِرْكًاshirk
And indeed he called it shirk
لِأَنَّbecauseالْحَلْفَswearingبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllahإِنَّمَاis onlyيَكُونُdoneبِالْمَعْبُودِby the object of worship
because swearing by other than Allah is only done by the object of worship
فَمَنْso whoeverحَلَفَswearsبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllah
so whoever swears by other than Allah
فَقَدْthen indeedجَعَلَhe has madeلِلَّهِfor Allahنِدًّاan equal
then indeed he has made an equal for Allah
فَإِنْSo ifفَعَلَhe doesهَذَاthisمُعْتَقِدًاwhile believingلِعِبَادَتِهِin its worship
So if he does this while believing in its worship
فَهُوَthen heكَافِرٌis a disbeliever
then he is a disbeliever
وَإِنْand ifلَمْnotيَكُنْhe isمُعْتَقِدًاbelieving
and if he is not believing
فَهُوَthen heمُشْرِكٌis a mushrikفِيinالْقَوْلِstatementدُونَshort ofالشِّرْكِthe shirkالْأَكْبَرِmajorالَّذِيwhichيَنْقُلُremovesعَنِfromالْمِلَّةِthe religion
then he is a mushrik in statement short of the major shirk which removes one from the religion
كَمَاasقَالُواthey said
as they said
شِرْكٌshirkدُونَshort ofشِرْكٍshirk
shirk short of shirk
وَقَوْلُهُAnd his statementصَلَّىpeace
And his statement, peace