بِمَشِيئَتِهِ،By His will,وَقُدْرَتِهِ،and His power,أَوْorلَمْnotيَزَلْceases to beفَعَّالًاactive,لِمَاfor whatيَشَاءُ،He wills,نَحْوَsuch asذَٰلِكَthatمِمَّاof whatيَقْتَضِيrequiresكَوْنَهُHis beingفَاعِلًا،the doer of it,كَانَthis wasهَذَاthisالنَّوْعُtypeقَدِيمًا،ancient,وَمَاand whatوَجَبَis necessaryقُدُمُهُ،its being ancient,امْتَنَعَit is impossibleعَدَمُ،that it is non-existent,وَذَٰلِكَand thatيَقْتَضِيrequiresامْتِنَاعَthe impossibility ofانْقِضَاءِthe expiration ofفِعْلِthe actالرَّبِّ،of the Lord,نَقِيضَthe opposite ofقَوْلِthe saying ofالْجَهْمِ،Al-Jahm,فَإِنَّfor verilyعِندَهُfor himيَجِبُit is necessaryانْقِضَاءُthe cessation ofفِعْلِهِhis actionوَانْقِطَاعُهُ،and its discontinuation,وَيَمْتَنِعُand it is impossibleعِندَهُfor himدَوَامُهُits continuityأَبَدًاforever.كَمَاasامْتَنَعَit is impossibleدَوَامُهُits continuityأَزَلًا،since forever.وَيَجِبُAnd it is necessaryعِندَهُfor himأَنْthatيَكُونَHe isلَمْnotيَزَلْceaselessغَيْرَnon-فَاعِلًاactiveفِيinالْمَاضِي،the past,وَلَاand notفِيinالْأَبَدِforeverإِذَاifفَنِيَتْis perishedالْجَنَّةُthe Paradiseوَالنَّارُ.and the Fire.
By His will, and His power, or He does not cease to be active in what He wills, such as that which requires His being the doer of it, this type was ancient, and what is necessary for its being ancient, it is impossible for it not to exist. This requires the impossibility of the expiration of the act of the Lord, the opposite of what Al-Jahm says, for he maintains that it is necessary for the cessation of his action and its discontinuation, and it is impossible for him for it to be continuous forever, as it is impossible for it to have been continuous since eternity. And it is necessary for him to be never active in the past, nor forever if Paradise and Fire perished.
وَحَقيقَةُAnd the truthقَوْلِهِ:of his saying:أَنَّهُthat heلَمْhas notيَزَلْbeen ceasing to beغَيْرَnon-قَادِرٍ،capable,ثُمَّthenصَارَbecameقَادِرًا،capable,ثُمَّthenيَصِيرُhe will becomeغَيْرَnon-قَادِرٍcapableوَهُوَand heيَقُولُ:says:مَاwhateverكَانَwasلَهُfor himبِدَايَةً،a beginning,وَجَبَit is necessaryأَنْthatيَكُونَit has aلَهُfor himنِهَايَةٌ.an end.
And the truth of his saying: that he has never ceased to be non-capable, then he became capable, then he will become non-capable and he says: whatever was for him a beginning, it is necessary to have an end.
فَأَمَّاAs forإِذَاifقَدَرَhe was ableأَنْthatالْرَّبَّthe Lordلَمْnotيَزَلْceaselessly beقَادِرًاcapableعَلَىofالْفِعْلِ،the action,وَالْكَلَامِand the speechبِمَشِيئَتِهِ،by His will,وَأَنَّهُand he isلَمْnotيَزَلْceaselessly beمُتَكَلِّمًاspeakingإِذَاifشَاءَhe willsفَعَّالًاdoingلِمَاwhatيَشَاءُ،he wills,فَهُنَاso hereوَجَبَthere is necessityوُجُودِfor existenceمَاthingلَاnotاِبْتِدَاءٌa beginningلَهُ،for it,وَلَاnorنِهَايَةٌan endلِابْتِدَائِهِ،to its beginning,فَإِذَاand ifقَدَرَhe estimatedانْتِهَاءِthe ending ofهَذَاthisالنَّوْعِtypeكَانَit wasبَاطِلًا،null.فَإِذَاAnd ifقِيلَ:it is said:إِنَّthat indeedالْحَادِثَاتِthe eventsانْتَهَتْhave endedإِلَىwithالطُّوفَانِthe floodأَوْorالْهِجْرَةِ.the migration.
As for if it is estimated that the Lord has never ceased to be capable of action, and speech by His will, and that he has never ceased to be speaking when he wills, doing what he wills, so here it necessitates the existence of something that has no beginning for it, nor an end to its beginning, and if it is estimated that this type has ended, it is null. If it is said: indeed, the events have ended with the flood or the migration.
فَإِنْFor ifقِيلَ:it is said:يَقْدِرُHe is able(١)(1)الرَّبُّthe Lordمَاwhateverبَقِيَremainsبِفِعْلٍby the actionشَيْئًا،something,فَهَذَاthisتَقْدِيرٌestimationخِلافٌis contrary toالْوَاقِعِ،the reality,بَلْratherهُوَit isمُمْتَنِعٌ.impossible.
For if it is said: the Lord is able to do anything that remains, this estimation is contrary to reality, rather it is impossible.
وَإِنْAnd ifقِيلَ:it is said:يَقْدِرُ (٢)He is able (2)فَضْلًاa favorفِيinالذِّهْنِthe mindبَيْنَbetweenمَاwhatمَضَىhas passedوَبَيْنَand betweenمَاwhatيُسْتَقْبَلُ،is anticipated,فَهذاthisالتَّقْدِيرُestimationالذَّهْنِيُّthe mentalلَاdoes notيُغَيِّرُchangeالْحَقَائِقَ،the facts,بَلْratherالْفِعْلُthe actionالدَّائِمُthe permanentفِيinنَفْسِهِ،itself,ثُمَّthenإِذَاifقَدَّرَhe estimatedهَذَاthisفِيinالذِّهْنِ،the mind,فَقَدْthenقَدَّرْتَyou estimateالْحَادِثَاتِthe eventsالْمَاضِيَةَpastانْتَهَتْhave endedإِلَىtoهَذَاthisالْحَدِّ.limit.
And if it is said: He is able (2) to have a favor in the mind between what has passed and what is anticipated, this mental estimation does not change the facts, rather the permanent action in itself, then if this is estimated in the mind, then you estimate that the past events have ended at this limit.
وَإِذَاAnd ifانْتَهَتْhave endedقَبِلَتْacceptsالزِّيَادَةَincreaseوَالنُّقْصَانَ،and decrease,فَإِنَّfor indeedمَاwhatيَنْتَهِيendsمِنَofالْحَادِثَاتِeventsيَقبَلُacceptsالزِّيَادَةَincreaseوَالنُّقْصَانَ،and decrease,وَهَذِهِand theseالأُمُورُmattersمَبْسُوطَةٌare spread outفِيinغَيْرِother thanهَذَاthisالْمَوْضِعِplaceوَلَكِنَّbutنَبِّهْنَاwe point outهُنَاhereعَلَىtoأَصْلِthe rootقَوْلِof the sayingالْجَهْمِof al-Jahmالَّذِيthatأَوْجَبَobligatedلَهُfor himأَنْtoيَقُولَsayبِفَنَاءِby the annihilationالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ،of Paradise and Fire,حَتَّىuntilأَنْكَرَhe deniedذَٰلِكَthat.
And if they have ended, they accept increase and decrease, for indeed what ends of events accepts increase and decrease, and these matters are spread out in other than this place, but we point out here to the root of the saying of Al-Jahm that obligated him to say by the annihilation of Paradise and Fire, until he denied that.
(١)(1)رُسِمَتْWrittenالْكَلِمَةُthe wordبِالْهَوَامِشِin the marginsهَكَذَاas such"نَقْدِرُ""We are able"صَحِيحٌis correctوَمَعْنَىand the meaningذَٰلِكَof thatأَنَّهَاis that itتُصْبِحُbecomesبِالْيَاءِwith 'ي' (ya) orأَوْorبِالنُّونِwith 'ن' (noon) فيأَوَّلَهَا.the beginning.
(1) The word is written in the margins as "We are able", this is correct, and the meaning of that is that it becomes with 'ي' (ya) or with 'ن' (noon) in its beginning.
(٢)(2)رُسِمَتْIt is writtenبِالْأَصْلِin the originalهَكَذَاas such"نَقْدِرُ""We are able"إِشَارَةًin referenceإِلَىtoصِحَّةِthe correctnessالْوَجْهَيْنِof the two formsفِيهَا.in it.
(2) It is written in the original as "We are able" in reference to the correctness of the two forms in it.
(٣)(3)اُنظرLookأَدِلَّةَat the proofsالْقَائِلِينَof those who claimبِامْتِنَاعِthe impossibility ofمَاwhatنِهَايَةٌendsلَهُfor itمِنَofالْحَادِثَاتِ،events,وَجَوَابُand the answerالشَّيْخِof the Sheikhعَلَىtoهَذِهِthisالأَدِلَّةِproofsفِيinمِنْهَاجِthe methodologyالسُّنَّةِof the Sunnahالنَّبَوِيَّةِthe Prophetic١/٤٣٢-٤٣٦.1/432-436.
(3) Look at the proofs of those who claim the impossibility of what ends for it of events, and the Sheikh's answer to these proofs in the methodology of the Prophetic Sunnah 1/432-436.