تَعْيِينًاCertainlyأَزَالَremovedاللَّبَسَthe ambiguityوَكَذَٰلِكَand likewiseقَوْلَthe sayingالنَّبِيِّof the Prophet::إِنَّIndeedخَالِدًاKhalidسَيْفًاa swordمِنْofسُيُوفِswordsاللَّهِGodسَلَّهُunleashedاللَّهُGodعَلَىagainstالمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheists»"((١1))،,وَأَمْثَالَand similarذَٰلِكَthat.
Certainly, it removed the ambiguity, as well as the saying of the Prophet: 'Indeed, Khalid is a sword among the swords of God, unleashed by God against the polytheists.' (1), and similar instances.
وَإِنْAnd ifقَالَthe speaker saidالْقَائِلُthe claimant::الْقَرَائِنُThe verbal evidenceالْلَّفْظِيَّةُlinguisticمَوْضُوعَةٌestablished,,وَدَلَالَتُهَاand its indicationsعَلَىonالْمَعْنَىthe meaningحَقِيقَةًis real,,لَكِنَّbutالْقَرَائِنُthe contextual evidenceالْحَالِيَّةُpresentمَجَازٌis metaphorical,,قِيلَit is said::اللَّفْظُthe termلَاdoes notيُسْتَعْمَلُget usedقَطُّat allإِلَّاexceptمَقَيَّدًاrestrictedبِقُيُودٍby linguistic restrictionsلَفْظِيَّةٍverbalمَوْضُوعَةٌestablishedوَالْحَالُand the contextحَالَstateالْمُتَكَلِّمِof the speakerوَالْمُسْتَمِعِand the listenerلَاmust notبِدَmustمِنْbe consideredاِعْتِبَارِهِin all speechفِيinجَمِيعِallالْكَلَامِspeech,,فَإِنَّهُfor ifإِذَاwhenعَرَفَthe speaker knowsالْمُتَكَلِّمُthe one who speaksفَهُمَhe understandsمِنْfromمَعْنَىthe meaningكَلَامِهِof his wordsمَاwhatلَاnotيُفْهَمُunderstoodإِذَاifلَمْnotيَعْرِفْknow,,لَأَنَّهُbecauseبِذَٰلِكَwith thatيَعْرِفُhe knowsعَادَتَهُhis customفِيinخِطَابِهِhis speeches,,وَالْلَّفْظُand the termإِنَّمَاonlyيَدُلُّindicatesإِذَاifعُرِفَknownلُغَةُthe languageالْمُتَكَلِّمِof the speakerالَّتِيthatبِهَاwith itيَتَكَلَّمُhe speaks,,عَادَتَهُhis customوَعَرَفَهُand his habitالَّذِيwhichيَعْتَادُهُhe is accustomed toفِيinخِطَابِهِhis speech,,وَدَلَالَةُand the indicationاللَّفْظُof the termعَلَىonالْمَعْنَىthe meaningدَلَالَةٌis an indicativeقَصْدِيَّةٌintentionalإِرَادِيَّةٌvolitionalاخْتِيَارِيَّةٌdeliberate,,فَالْمُتَكَلِّمُso the speakerيُرِيدُwantsدَلَالَةَthe indicationاللَّفْظِof the termعَلَىonالْمَعْنَىthe meaning,,فَإِذَاifاعْتَادَhe has accustomed himself toأَنْtoيُعَبِّرَexpressبِاللَّفْظِwith the termعَنْaboutالْمَعْنَىthe meaningكَانَتْit wasتِلْكَthat،,لُغَتَهُhis language,,وَلِهَذَاthereforeكُلَّeveryoneمَنْwhoeverكَانَhasلَهُfor himعِنَايَةًcareبِأَلْفَاظِabout the wordsالرَّسُولِof the Messengerوَمُرَادَهُand his intentionبِهَاwith them,,عَرَفَhe knowsعَادَتَهُhis customفِيinخِطَابِهِhis speeches,,وَتَبَيَّنَand it becomes clearلَهُto himمِنْofمُرَادَهُhis intentionمَاwhatلَاnotيَتَبَيَّنُis clarifiedلِغَيْرِهِto others.
And if the speaker said: 'The verbal evidence is established, and its indications are real concerning the meaning, but the contextual evidence is metaphorical,' it is said: 'The term does not get used at all except when restricted by established linguistic restrictions, and the context of both the speaker and listener must be considered in all speech, for if the speaker knows, he understands from the meaning of his words what is not understood if he does not know, because with that he knows his custom in his speeches, and the term only indicates if the language of the speaker with which he speaks is known, his custom and his habit that he is accustomed to in his speech, and the indication of the term on the meaning is intentional, volitional, and deliberate, so the speaker intends the indication of the term on the meaning, if he has accustomed himself to express with the term about the meaning, that is his language. Therefore, everyone who has care about the words of the Messenger and his intention with them knows his custom in his speeches, and it becomes clear to him of his intention what is not clarified to others.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisيَنْبَغِيit is necessaryأَنْtoيُقْصَدَbe aimedإِذَاwhenذُكِرَmentionedلَفْظٌa termمِنْfromالْقُرْآنِthe Quranوَالْحَدِيثِand the Hadith,,أَنْthatيُذْكَرَhe mentionsنَظَائِرَsimilar instancesذَلِكَthoseاللَّفْظُterms(٢)(2)،,مَاذَاwhatعَنَىintendedبِهَاwith themاللَّهُGodوَرَسُولَهُand His Messenger،,فَيَعْرِفُso he knowsبِذَلِكَthat wayلُغَةُthe languageالْقُرْآنِof the Quranوَالْحَدِيثِand the Hadith,,وَسُنَّةَand the Sunnahاللَّهِof Godوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerالَّتِيthatيُخَاطِبُaddressesبِهَاwith it،,عِبَادَهُHis servantsوَهِيَand it isالْعَادَةُthe customالْمَعْرُوفَةُknownمِنْofكَلَامِهِHis speech,,ثُمَّthenإِذَاifكَانَتْthere isلِذَلِكَfor thatنَظَائِرُsimilar instancesفِيinكَلَامِthe wordsغَيْرِهِof othersوَكَانَتْand wereالنَّظَائِرُthe parallelsكَثِيرَةًmany،,عَرَفَhe knowsأَنَّthatتِلْكَthoseالْعَادَةُthe customsوَاللُّغَةُand the languageمُشْتَرَكَةٌare commonعَامَّةٌgeneral،,لَاnotيَخْتَصُّspecific to himبِهَاwith itهُوَhe,,بَلْbutهِيَit isلُغَةُthe languageقَوْمِهِof his people,,وَلَاand notيَجُوزُit is permissibleأَنْtoيُحْمَلَbe appliedكَلَامُهُhis speechعَلَىonعَادَاتٍcustomsحَدَثَتْmanifestedبَعْدَهُafter himفِيinالْخِطَابِthe speechلَمْnotتَكُنْhave beenمَعْرُوفَةًknownفِيinخِطَابِهِhis speechesوَخِطَابِand the speechesأَصْحَابِهِof his companions,,كَمَاasيَفْعَلُهُmany doكَثِيرٌmuchمِنَofالنَّاسِthe people,,وَقَدْand perhapsلَاnotيَعْرِفُونَthey knowانْتِفَاءَthe absenceذَٰلِكَof thatفِيinزَمَانِهِhis time,,وَلِهَذَاand thereforeكَانَتْwasاِسْتِعْمَالُthe usageالْقِيَاسِof analogyفِيinاللُّغَةِthe languageوَإِنْand whileجَازَit is permissibleفِيinالاِسْتِعْمَالِthe use,,فَإِنَّهُitلَاnotيَجُوزُpermissibleفِيinالِاسْتِدْلَالِthe inference,,فَإِنَّهُfor itقَدْmayيَجُوزُit is permissibleلِلْإِنْسَانِfor a personأَنْtoيَسْتَعْمِلَuseهُوَheاللَّفْظَthe termفِيinنَظِيرٍsimilarالْمَعْنَىthe meaningالَّذِيwhichاسْتُعْمِلُوهُthey have usedفِيinمَعَwithبَيَانٍan explanationذَٰلِكَthatعَلَىonمَاwhatفِيهِis in itمِنْofالنِّزَاعِthe dispute,,لَكِنَّbutلَاnotيَجُوزُpermissibleأَنْtoيُعْمَلَbe directedإِلَىtoأَلْفَاظٍtermsقَدْthat haveعُرِفَتْknownاستِعْمَالُهَاtheir usageفِيinمَعَانٍmeaningsفَيَحْمِلُهَاthen take themعَلَىbyغَيْرِanotherتِلْكَthatالمَعَانِيmeanings,,وَيَقُولُand says::إِنَّهُمْthat they''
And thus, it is necessary that when a term from the Quran and Hadith is mentioned, he mentions similar instances of that term (2), to know what God and His Messenger intended with it, thus he recognizes the language of the Quran and Hadith and the Sunnah of God and His Messenger with which He addresses His servants, which is the known custom of His talk. Then if there are similar instances in the words of others and the parallels are many, he knows that those customs and languages are common and not specific to him, but it is the language of his people, and it is not permissible to apply his speech to customs that have occurred after him in speech that were not known in his speech and that of his companions, as many people do, and perhaps they do not know the absence of that in his time. And therefore, it was the usage of analogy in language, and although it is permissible in usage, it is not permissible in inference, for it may be permissible for a person to use the term for a meaning similar to that which they employed it in, with an explanation of what is disputed, but it is not permissible to intend terms that have been known to be used for meanings and apply them to other meanings, and say: 'they...'