الْأَسْفَلُthe lowerمِنْofالنَّارِ،the fire,كَماasأَخْبَرَhas informedاللَّهُGodبِذَٰلِكَof thatفِيinكِتَابِهِ،His Book,ثُمَّthenقَدْmayيُقْرَنَbe coupledالْكُفْرُdisbeliefبِالنِّفَاقِwith hypocrisyفِيinمَوَاضِعَplaces--فَفِيFor inأَوَّلِthe firstالْبَقَرَةِof the Cowذُكِرَmentionedأَرْبَعٌfourآيَاتٍversesفِيinصِفَةِdescriptionالْمُؤْمِنِينَ،of the believers,وَآيَتَيْنِand two versesفِيinصِفَةِdescriptionالْكَافِرِينَ،of the disbelievers,وَبِضْعَةَand severalعَشَرَةَtenآيَاتٍversesفِيinصِفَةِdescriptionالْمُنَافِقِينَof the hypocrites--فَقَالَHe saidتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿[إِنَّIndeed,اللَّهَGodجَامِعُwill gatherالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesوَandالْكَافِرِينَthe disbelieversفِيinجَهَنَّمَHellجَمِيعًا)altogether)[[النِّسَاءِSurah An-Nisa::١٤٠140]]
The lower part of the fire, as God has informed about it in His Book, then disbelief may be coupled with hypocrisy in places - for in the first of Al-Baqarah four verses were mentioned in the description of the believers, and two verses in the description of the disbelievers, and several ten verses in the description of the hypocrites - He, the Exalted, said: "Indeed, God will gather the hypocrites and the disbelievers in Hell altogether" [Surah An-Nisa: 140].
وَقَالَ:And He said:﴿[يَوْمَOn the DayيَقُولُHe saysالْمُتَفِقُونَthe hypocritesوَandالْمُتَفِقَاتُthe hypocritesلِلَّذِينَto those whoآمَنُواbelievedانظُرُونَاwe want to seeنَفْنَسٌfrom your light.قِيلَIt was saidاِرْجِعُواReturn backوَandرَاءَكُمْlook behind youفَالْتَمِسُواand seekنُورًاlight.فَضُرِبَThen a barrier was struckبَيْنَهُمbetween themبِسُورٍwith a wallلَمُرُof whichبَابٌthere is a gateبَاطِنُهُits insideفِيهِhasالرَّحْمَةُmercyوَظَهْرُهُand its outsideمِنْfromقِبَلِهِit is punishment.الْعَذَابُThey will call themيُنَادُونَهُمْthe hypocrites will sayأَلَمْDid we notنَكُنbe with you?مَّعَكُمْThey will sayقَالُواIndeed,بَلَىyes,وَلَكِنَّكُمْbut youفَنَتُمْput yourselvesأَنفُسَكُمْinto harmوَandتَرَدَّصَمَwere hinderedوَارْتَبَتُمْand doubtedوَغَرَّتْكُمُand deluded youالأَمَانِيُّthe vain hopesحَتَّىuntilجَاءَthe commandأَمْرُof Godوَغَرَّكُمand deluded youبِاللَّهِwith Allahالْغَرُورُthe deceiver.فَالْيَوْمَSo todayلَاnoيُؤْخَذُransom will be takenمِنكُمْfrom youفِدْيَةٌas a ransomوَلَاnorمِنَfromالَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelievedمَأْوَاكُمْyour shelter isالنَّارُthe fireهِيَIt isمَوْلَاكُمْyour abode.وَبِئْسَAnd wretched isالْمَصِيرُthe destination.))[[الْحَدِيدِSurah Al-Hadid]]وَقَالَ:And He said:﴿[يَتَأَيُّهَاOالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetجَاهِدِstrive againstالْكُفَّارَthe disbelieversوَandالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesوَاغْلُظْand be sternعَلَيْهِمْtowards them.﴾][التَّوبَةِ(Surah At-Tawbah::٧٣73,,وَالتَّحْرِيمِand At-Tahrim::٩9]]وَقَالَ:And He said:﴿[أَلَمْDid notتَرَyou seeإِلَىtoالَّذِينَthose whoنَافَقُواhypocritesيَقُولُونَsayingلِإِخْوَانِهِمto their brothersالَّذِينَwhoكَفَرُوا)disbelieved?[الْحَشْرِ:[Surah Al-Hashr:١١11]]
And He said: "On the Day when the hypocrites will say to the believers: 'Wait for us to get a bit of your light.' It will be said: 'Return back behind you and seek light.' Then a wall will be struck between them, with its inside being mercy and its outside being punishment. They will call to them: 'Did we not used to be with you?' They will say: 'Yes, but you put yourselves into harm and were hindered and doubted; and the vain hopes deluded you until the command of God came, and you were deluded by Allah, the Deceiver. So today no ransom will be taken from you, nor from those who disbelieved; your shelter is the Fire; it is your abode, and wretched is the destination.' [Surah Al-Hadid]. And He said: 'O Prophet, strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be stern towards them.' [Surah At-Tawbah: 73, and At-Tahrim: 9]. And He said: 'Did you not see those who hypocritically say to their brothers who disbelieved? [Surah Al-Hashr: 11].
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseلَفْظُthe termالْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheistsقَدْmayيُقْرَنَbe coupledبِأَهْلِwith the peopleالْكِتَابِof the Bookفَقَط،only,وَقَدْand mayيُقْرَنَbe coupledبِالْمِلَلِwith the five sects,الْخَمْسِ،as inكَماasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿[إِنَّIndeed,الَّذِينَthose whoآمَنُواbelievedوَandالَّذِينَthose whoهَادُواwere Jewsوَandالصَّابِئِينَthe Sabiansوَandالنَّصَارَىthe Christiansوَandالْمَجُوسَthe Magiansوَandالَّذِينَthose whoأَشْرَكُواassociated partners with God,إِنَّIndeed,اللَّهَGodيَفْصِلُwill judgeبَيْنَهُمْbetween themيَوْمَon the Dayالْقِيَامَةِof Judgment.إِنَّIndeed,اللَّهَGodعَلَىis overكُلِّallشَيْءٍthingsشَهِيدٌWitness.[الْحَجِّ][Surah Al-Hajj].وَالْأَوَّلُAnd the first oneكَقَوْلِهِis like His saying:لَمْDid notيَكُنِbe talking aboutالَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelieversمِنَfromأَهْلِthe peopleالْكِتَابِof the Bookوَandالْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheistsمُنفَكِّينَwere separatedحَتَّىuntilتَأْتِيَهُمُthe evidence came to them.الْبَيِّنَةُ[Surah Al-Bayyina].وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:
And likewise, the term 'polytheists' may be coupled only with the people of the Book and may be coupled with the five sects as in His saying, the Exalted: 'Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews and the Sabians and the Christians and the Magians and those who associated partners with God—indeed, God will judge between them on the Day of Judgment. Indeed, God is over all things Witness.' [Surah Al-Hajj]. And the first one is like His saying: 'Did not those who disbelieved from the people of the Book and the polytheists be separated until the evidence came to them.' [Surah Al-Bayyina].
وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:﴿[إِنَّIndeed,الَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelievedمِنْfromأَهْلِthe peopleالْكِتَابِof the Bookوَandالْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheistsفِيinنَارِthe Fireجَهَنَّمَof Hellخَالِدِينَwill abideفِيهَاin it.أُوْلَـٰئِكَThey areهُمُtheشَرُّworstالْبَرِيَّةِof creatures.))[[الْبَيِّنَةِSurah Al-Bayyina]]
And His saying: 'Indeed, those who disbelieved from the people of the Book and the polytheists will abide in the Fire of Hell; they are the worst of creatures.' [Surah Al-Bayyina].
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::﴿[وَقُلAnd sayلِلَّذِينَto those whoأُوتُواwere givenالْكِتَابَthe Bookوَandالْأُمِّيِينَ،the unlettered,أَسْلَمْتُمْ،have you submitted?فَإِنْIf they submit,أَسْلَمُواthey have indeed guidedفَقَدِand if they turn awayاهْتَدَوْاthey have certainly strayed.وَإِنْAnd ifتَوَلَّوْاthey turn awayفَإِنَّمَاthen uponعَلَيْكَyou isالْبَلَاغُ،the responsibility.﴾][آلِ عِمْرَانَ:[Surah Al-Imran:٢٠20]]وَلَيْسَAnd no oneأَحَدٌafter the missionبَعْدَafterمَبْعَثِthe sending ofمُحَمَّدٍMuhammadإِلَّاexceptمِنَfor the oneالَّذِينَwhoأُوتُواwere givenالْكِتَابَthe Bookأَوْorالأُمِّيِينَthe unlettered.وَكُلُّAnd everyأُمَّةٍnationلَمْwas notتَكُنْofمِنَthe peopleالَّذِينَwhoأُوتُواwere givenالْكِتَابَ،the Book,فَهُمْthey areمِنَofالأُمِّيِينَthe unletteredكَالأُمِّيِينَlike the unletteredمِنَofالْعَرَبِ،the Arabsوَالْخَزَرَ،and the Khazarsوَالصَّقَالِبَةِ،and the Slavsوَالْهِنْدِ،and the Indiansوَالسُّودَانِ،and the Sudaneseوَغَيْرِهِمْand othersمِنَofالأُمَمِthe nationsالَّذِينَwhoلَاthere is noكِتَابَBook for them,لَهُمْ،for them.فَهَـٰؤُلَاءِSo theseكُلُّهُمْall of themأُمِّيُونَ،are unlettered,وَالْرَّسُولُand the Messengerمَبْعُوثٌwas sentإِلَيْهِمto themكَـمَاjust asبُعِثَhe was sentإِلَىtoالْأُمِّيِينَthe unletteredمِنَfromالْعَرَبِ.the Arabs.
And His saying: 'And say to those who were given the Book and the unlettered, 'Have you submitted?' If they submit, they have indeed guided. And if they turn away, then upon you is the responsibility.' [Surah Al-Imran: 20]. And no one after the mission of Muhammad is except from those who were given the Book or the unlettered. And every nation that was not from those who were given the Book, they are of the unlettered, like the unlettered among the Arabs, Khazars, Slavs, Indians, Sudanese and others of the nations who have no Book for them. So these are all unlettered, and the Messenger was sent to them just as he was sent to the unlettered among the Arabs.