بِمَنْزِلَةِas ifاسْتِيلَائِهِhis acquisitionعَلَىofالمُبَاحَاتِthe permissible things.
As if he had acquired the permissible things.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonسَمَّىGod calledاللَّهُAllahمَا عَادَwhat returnedمِنْfromأَمْوَالِهِمْtheir wealthإِلَىtoالمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslims.
And for this reason, Allah called what returned from their wealth to the Muslims.
فَيئًا،Fayy, becauseلِأَنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahأَفَاءَهُreturned itإِلَىtoمُسْتَحِقَّهُits deserving one.أَيThat is,رَدَّهُit returnedإِلَىtoالمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersبِهِin Himالَّذِينَwhoيَعْبُدُونَهُ،worship Him,وَيَسْتَعِينُونَand seek helpبِرِزْقِهِfrom His provisionعَلَىonعِبَادَتِهِHis worship.
Fayy, because Allah returned it to its deserving one, that is, He returned it to the believers in Him, who worship Him and seek help from His provision on His worship.
فَإِنَّهُIndeed,إِنَّمَاHe onlyخَلَقَcreatedالْخَلْقَthe creationلِيَعْبُدُوهُto worship Himوَإِنَّمَاand onlyخَلَقَcreatedالرِّزْقَthe provisionلَهُمْfor themلِيَسْتَعِينُواto seek helpبِهِwith itعَلَىonعِبَادَتِهِHis worship.
Indeed, He only created the creation to worship Him, and He only created the provision for them to seek help with it on His worship.
وَلَفْظُAnd the termالْفَيءِFayyقَدmayيَتَنَاوَلُincludeالْغَنِيمَةَ،the spoils of war,كَقَوْلِlike the sayingالنَّبِيِّof the Prophetصَلَّى اللَّـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَpeace be upon him.فِيinغَنَائِمِthe spoilsحُنَيْنٍ:of Hunayn:لَيْسَThere is notلِيَfor meمِمَّاfrom that whichأَفَاءَAllah returnedعَلَيْكُمْto youإِلَّاexceptالْخُمْسَ،the fifth,وَالْخُمْسُand the fifthمَرْدُودٌis returnedعَلَيْكُمْto you.
And the term Fayy may include the spoils of war, like the saying of the Prophet, peace be upon him, about the spoils of Hunayn: 'There is not for me from what Allah has returned to you except the fifth, and the fifth is returned to you.'
لَكِنَّهُHowever,لَمَّاwhenقَالَHe saidتَعَالَى:the Most High:﴿وَمَا‘And whatأَفَاءَAllah returnedاللَّهُto His Messengerعَلَىfrom them,رَسُولِهِto His Messengerمِنْهُمْamong them,فَمَاso whatأَوْجَفْتُمْyou have rushedعَلَيْهِupon itمِنْofخَيْلٍhorsesوَلَاnorرِكَابٍ)riding animals.’[الحشر: ٦][Al-Hashr: 6]صَارَThus, the termلَفْظُwordالْفَيءِFayyإِذَاifأُطْلِقَis utteredفِيinعَرَفِthe understandingالْفُقَهَاءِ،of the jurists,فَهُوَit isمَاwhatمِنْfromمَالِthe wealthالْكُفَّارِof the disbelieversبِغَيْرِwithoutإِيْجَافٍrushingخَيْلٍof horsesوَلَاnorرِكَابٍ.riding animals.وَالْإِيْجَافُAnd the rushingنَوْعٌis a typeمِنْofالتَّحْرِيكِ.movement.
However, when He said the Most High: 'And what Allah returned to His Messenger from them, you have not rushed upon it of horses or riding animals.' [Al-Hashr: 6] Thus, the term Fayy, if uttered in the understanding of the jurists, is what comes from the wealth of the disbelievers without rushing of horses or riding animals; and rushing is a type of movement.
وأَمَّاAnd as forإِذَاifفَعَلَthe believer performsالْمُؤْمِنُa believerمَاwhatأُبِيحَhas been permittedلَهُto himقَاصِدًاintendingلِلْعَدُولِto turn awayعَنْfromالْحَرَامِthe prohibited thingsإِلَىtoالْحَلَالِthe lawful thingsلِحَاجَتِهِdue to his needإِلَيْهِ،for it,فَإِنَّهُthen he isيُثَابُrewardedعَلَىforذَلِكَthat.
And as for if the believer performs what has been permitted to him, intending to turn away from the prohibited to the lawful due to his need for it, then he is rewarded for that.
كَمَاAsقَالَthe Prophet saidالنَّبِيُّ ﷺthe Prophet, peace be upon him:وَفِي‘And inبِضْعٍthe intimacyأَحَدِكُمْof one of youصَدَقَةٌ».is a charity.'
As the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 'And in the intimacy of one of you is a charity.'
قَالُوا:They said:يَاOرَسُولَMessengerاللَّهِof Allah,يَأْتِيone of us comesأَحَدُنَاto us,شَهْوَتَهُhis desireوَيَكُونُand there isلَهُfor himفِيَهَاin itأَجْرٌ؟a reward?
They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, one of us comes to his desire, and there is a reward for him in it?'
قَالَ:He said:أَرَأَيْتُمْ‘Do you not see ifلَوْsomeoneوَضَعَهَاdeposited itفِيinحَرَامٍwhat is prohibited.كَانَWould there beعَلَيْهِupon himفِيَهَاa burden?وِزْرٌ؟And a sin?فَكَذَٰلِكَSo likewise,إِنْifوَضَعَهَاhe deposits itفِيinالْحَلَالِ،the lawful,كَانَthere isلَهُfor himأَجْرٌ»a reward.'
He said: 'Do you not see if someone deposited it in what is prohibited? Would there be upon him a burden and a sin? So likewise, if he deposits it in the lawful, there is a reward for him.'
وَهَذَاAnd thisكَقَوْلِهِis like his sayingفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithابْنِof IbnعُمَرَUmarعَنِaboutالنَّبِيِّ ﷺthe Prophet, peace be upon himقَالَ:said:إِنَّIndeed,اللَّهَAllahيُحِبُّlovesأَنthatيُؤْخَذَone takesبِرُخَصِهِ،His concessions,كَمَاasيَكْرَهُHe dislikesأَنْthatتُؤْتَىone commitsمَعْصِيَتَهُ.His disobedience.
And this is like his saying in the hadith of Ibn Umar about the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 'Indeed, Allah loves that one takes His concessions, as He dislikes that one commits His disobedience.'
رَوَاهُNarratedأَحْمَدُ،by Ahmad,وَابْنِ خُزَيْمَةَand Ibn Khuzaymahفِيin(صَحِيحِهِhis Sahih.وَغَيْرِهِمَاand others.
Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Khuzaymah in his Sahih and others.
فَأَخْبَرَHe informedأَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahيُحِبُّlovesإِتْيَانَto takeرُخَصِهِHis concessionsكَمَاasيَكْرَهُHe dislikesفِعْلَthe act ofمَعْصِيَتِهِ،His disobedience,وَبَعْضُand someالْفُقَهَاءِjuristsيَرْوِيَهُ:narrate it:كَمَاasيَجِبُit is obligatoryأَنْthatتُؤْتَىone takesعَزَائِمَهُ».His decisive commands.'
He informed that Allah loves to take His concessions as He dislikes the act of His disobedience, and some jurists narrate it: 'as it is obligatory to take His decisive commands.'
وَلَيْسَAnd it is notهَذَاthisلَفْظُthe expressionالْحَدِيثِof the hadithذَلِكَthat.كَماasقَالَhe said.وَذَلِكَAnd that isلِأَنَّbecauseالرُّخَصَthe concessionsإِنَّمَاare onlyأَبَاحَهَاpermittedاللَّهُAllahلِحَاجَةِfor the needالْعِبَادِof the servantsإِلَيْهَا،to it,وَالمُؤْمِنُونَand the believersيَسْتَعِينُونَseek assistanceبِهَاthrough itعَلَىforعِبَادَتِهِ،His worship,فَهُوَHe lovesالْأَخْذَtakingبِهَا،of it,لِأَنَّbecauseالْكَرِيمَthe generousيُحِبُّlovesقَبُولَacceptanceإِحْسَانِهِof His grace.
And this is not the expression of that hadith, as he said. And that is because the concessions are only permitted by Allah for the need of the servants, and the believers seek assistance through it for His worship, so He loves the taking of it because the generous loves acceptance of His grace.
(۱)(1)[صحيح.[Authentic.اَنْظُرْSeeتَخْرِيجِthe authenticationفِقْهِof the jurisprudenceالسِّيرَةِof the seerahصp.٤٢٦].426].
(1) [Authentic. See the authentication of the jurisprudence of the seerah p. 426].
(٢)(2)رَوَاهُNarratedمُسْلِمٌ.by Muslim.
(2) Narrated by Muslim.
(٣)(3)وَإِسْنَادُهُand its chain of narrationصَحِيحٌ.is authentic.[اَنْظُرْ[Seeمُسْنَدِthe Musnadالإِمَامِof the ImamأَحْمَدَAhmad٥٨٦٠،5860,٥٨٦٨،5868,وَصَحِيحِand the Authenticابْنِof Ibnخُزَيْمَةَ»Khuzaymah٩٥٠،950,وَإِرْوَاءِand the Irwaالْغَلِيلِof the thirsty٥٦٤،564,وَصَحِيحِand the Authenticالتُّرْغِيبِof encouragement١٠٥١،1051,وَشَرْحِand the explanationالْعَقِيدَةِof the creedالطَّحَاوِيَّةِof Al-Tahawi٢٤٨].248].
(3) And its chain of narration is authentic. [See the Musnad of Imam Ahmad 5860, 5868, and the Authentic of Ibn Khuzaymah 950, and the Irwa of the thirsty 564, and the Authentic of encouragement 1051, and the explanation of the creed of Al-Tahawi 248].
(٤)(4)بَلRather,هُوَit isلَفْظٌthe expressionثَابِتٌestablishedفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithأَخْرَجَهُnarratedالْبَزَّارُby Al-Bazzarوَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ،and Al-Tabarani,وَابْنُand Ibnحِبَّانٍ.Hibbaan.[وَانْظُرْ[And seeصَحِيحَthe authenticالْجَامِعِcomprehensiveالصَّغِيرِsmallوَزِيَادَتِهِand its increaseلِلْأَلْبَانِيِّby Al-Albani.- بِتَرْتِيبِي- in my arrangement.١٨٨٥].1885].
(4) Rather, it is the established expression in the hadith narrated by Al-Bazzar and Al-Tabarani, and Ibn Hibbaan. [And see the authentic comprehensive small and its increase by Al-Albani - in my arrangement 1885].