المُتَضَمِّنُthe containingفِعْلٍactالمَأْمُورِcommandedوَيَحْتَجُّونَand they argueأَيْضًاalsoبِجَوَازِthe permissibilityالِاسْتِثْنَاءِof the exceptionفِي مَاin whatلَاnotيَشُكُّdoubtفِيهِin it، وَهَذَا, thisمَأْخَذٌis a pointثَانٍsecondوَإِنْand ifكُنَّاwe areلَاnotنَشُكُّdoubtفِي مَاin whatفِيinقُلُوبِنَاour heartsمِنَofالإِيمَانِfaith، فَالِاسْتِثْنَاءُ, the exceptionفِي مَاin whatيُعْلَمُis knownوُجُودُهُits existenceقَدْhasجَاءَتْcomeبِهِwith itالسُّنَّةُthe Sunnah، لِمَا, for whatفِيهِin itمِنَofالحِكْمَةِwisdom
The containing act of the commanded, and they also argue for the permissibility of the exception in what there is no doubt about.
وَعنْAnd fromمُحَمَّدٍMuhammadبنِbinالحَسََنِAl-HasanبنِbinهَارُونَHarunقَالَhe said::سَأَلْتُI askedأَبَاAbuعَبْدِ اللَّهِAbdullahعَنْaboutالِاسْتِثْنَاءِthe exceptionفَقَالَhe said::نَعَمْYes، الِاسْتِثْنَاءُ, the exceptionعَلَىis onغَيْرِother thanمَعْنَىthe meaningشَكٍّdoubt، مَخَافَةً, in fearوَاحْتِيَاطًاand as a precautionلِلْعَمَلِfor the act, وَقَدْ, and hasاستثنىhe made an exceptionابْنَIbnمَسْعُودٍMas'ud، وَغَيْرَهُمْ, and othersوَهُوَand it isمَذْهَبُthe doctrineالثَّوْرِيِّAl-ThawriقَالَsaidاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىthe Most High::لَتَدْخُلُنَّYou will surely enterالْمَسْجِدَthe Sacred Mosqueالْحَرَامَthe ForbiddenإنifشَاءَHe willsاللَّهُGod,,﴾﴾[الْفَتْحِ:[Al-Fath:٢٧]27]
And from Muhammad bin Al-Hasan bin Harun, he said: I asked Abu Abdullah about the exception in faith, he said: Yes, the exception is not in the meaning of doubt, but rather out of fear and precaution for the act, and Ibn Mas'ud made an exception, and others, and this is the doctrine of Al-Thawri. God, the Most High, said: "You will surely enter the Sacred Mosque if God wills." [Al-Fath: 27]
وَقَالَAnd the Prophet saidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophet ﷺ ﷺلِأَصْحَابِهِto his companions::إِنِّيI indeedلَأَرْجُوhopeأَنْthatأَكُونَI beأَتْقَاكُمْthe most pious of youاللَّهَAllah..
And the Prophet ﷺ said to his companions: 'I indeed hope to be the most pious among you to Allah.'
وَقَالَAnd he saidفِيinالْمَيْتِthe deceased::وَعَلَيْهِand upon himنَعْلَمُwe knowإنifشَاءَwillsاللَّهُGod، فَقَدْ, thenبَيَّنَhe clarifiedأَحْمَدُAhmadأَنَّهُthat heيَسْتَثْنِيmakes an exceptionمَخَافَةًout of fearوَاحْتِيَاطًاand precautionلِلْعَمَلِfor the act, فَإِنَّهُ, for heيَخَافُfearsأَنْthatلَاnotيَكُونَbeقَدْhasكَمَلَcompletedالْمَأْمُورَwhat is commandedبِهِwith it، فَيَحْتَاطُ, so he takes precautionبِالِاسْتِثْنَاءِwith the exceptionوَقَالَand said::عَلَىonغَيْرِother thanمَعْنَىthe meaningشَكٍّdoubt، يَعْنِي, he meansمِنْfromغَيْرِother thanشَكٍّdoubtمِمَّاwhichيَعْلَمُهُhe knowsالإِنْسَانُa personمِنْofنَفْسِهِhimself, وَإِلَّا, otherwiseفَهُوَheيَشُكُّdoubtsفِيinتَكْمِيلِcompletingالْعَمَلِthe actالَّذِيthat whichخَافَhe fearsأَنْthatلَاnotيَكُونَbeكَمَلَهُcompleted it، فَيَخَافُ, so he fearsمِنْofنَقْصِهِits deficiency، وَلَا, and notيَشُكُّdoubtفِيinأَصْلِهِits origin
And he said regarding the deceased: 'And we will be with you, if God wills.' Ahmad has clarified that he makes an exception out of fear and precaution for the act, as he fears that he has not completed what is commanded, thus he takes precaution with the exception, and said: 'It is not in the meaning of doubt,' meaning 'other than doubt which a person knows of himself; otherwise, he doubts in completing the act which he fears he has not completed, fears its deficiency, and does not doubt in its origin.'
قَالَAl-Khalal saidوَأَخْبَرَنِيand he informed meمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadبنِbinهَارُونَHarunأَنَّthatحَيِّيشَHayyishبنِbinسِنْدِيٍّSindi,,حَدَّثَهُمnarrated to themفِيinهَذِهِthisالْمَسْأَلَةِissue, قَالَ, he saidأَبُوAbuعَبْدِ اللَّهِAbdullahقَوْلُهُhis sayingالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetحِينَwhenوَقَفَhe stoodعَلَىuponالْمَقَابِرِthe gravesفَقَالَand said::وَإِنَّاand indeedإِنْifشَاءَwillsاللَّهُGodبِكُمwith youلَاحِقُونَwill followوَقَدْ, and hasنُعِيَتْbeen informedإِلَيْهِto himنَفْسُهُhimselfوَعَلِمَand he knewأَنَّهُthat heصَائِرٌis goingإِلَىtoالْمَوْتِdeath، وَفِيand inقِصَّةِthe storyصَاحِبِof the companionالْقَبْرِthe graveعَلَيْهِupon himحَيِّيتَyou have livedوَعَلَيْهِand upon himمِتَّ, diedوَعَلَيْهِand upon himتُبْعَثُونَyou will be resurrectedإِنْifشَاءَwillsاللَّهُGodوَandفِيinقَوْلِthe sayingالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet ﷺ ﷺ:: إِنِّيI indeedاخْتَبَأْتُhave hiddenدعْوَتيmy supplicationوَهِيَand it isنَائِلَةٌattainableإِنْifشَاءَwillsاللَّهُGodمِنْofلَاnotيُشْرِكُassociateبِاللَّهِwith Allahشَيْئًاanythingوَandفِيinمَسْأَلَةِthe issueالرَّجُلِof the manالنَّبِيِّ: - أَحَدُنَاone of usيَصْبَحُwakes upجُنُبًاin a state of impurityيَصْدُرُcan he fast؟?فَقَالَHe said::إِنِّيI indeedأَفْعَلُdo itذَلِكَthatثُمَّthenأَصُومُI fastفَقَالَhe said:: إِنَّكَyouلَسْتَare notمِثْلَنَاlike usأَنْتَyouقَدْhasغَفَرَforgivenاللَّهُAllahلَكَfor youمَاwhatتَقَدَّمَhas precededمِنْofذَنْبِكَyour sinوَمَاand whatتَأَخَّرَhas come after، فَقَالَ, he saidوَاللَّهِby AllahإِنِّيI indeedلَأَرْجُوhopeأَنْthatأَكُونَI beأَخْشَاكُمْthe most fearing of youاللَّهَAllahوَهَذَاand thisكَثِيرٌis much، وَأَشْبَاهُهُ, and similar to itعَلَىonالْيَقِينِcertainty
Al-Khalal said and Muhammad bin Harun informed me that Hayyish bin Sindi narrated to them in this issue: Abu Abdullah said: The Prophet's saying when he stood upon the graves, he said: "And indeed, if God wills, we will follow you." He was informed of his own soul and he knew he was destined for death. And in the story of the companion of the grave, 'Upon him you have lived, and upon him you will die, and upon him you will be resurrected if God wills.' And in the saying of the Prophet ﷺ: 'I have concealed my supplication, and it is attainable if God wills for one who does not associate anything with Allah.' And in the issue of the man questioning the Prophet: 'Can one of us wake up in a state of impurity and fast?' He said: 'I do that and then I fast.' He said: 'You are not like us; you have been forgiven, what has preceded of your sin and what comes after.' He said: 'By Allah, I hope to be the most fearing of Allah among you.' And this is much, and similar to it in certainty.