وَكَذَٰلِكَand alsoقَوْلُهُHis sayingتَعَالَىٰthe ExaltedوَمَنAnd whoeverيُشَاقِقِdisobeysالرَّسُولَthe Messengerمِنْfromبَعْدِafterمَاwhatتَبَيَّنَbecame clearلَهُto himالْهُدَىٰthe guidanceوَandيَتَّبِعْfollowsغَيْرَother thanسَبِيلِthe path ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersنُوَلِّهِWe will assign himمَاwhatتَوَلَّىhe has turned toوَandنُصْلِهِWe will admit himجَهَنَّمَHellوَandسَاءَتْbadمَصِيرًاdestination
And also His saying, 'And whoever disobeys the Messenger after what has become clear to him of the guidance and follows other than the path of the believers, We will assign him what he has turned to, and We will admit him to Hell, and bad is the destination.'
فَإِنَّهُمَاIndeed, they areمُتلازمَانِinterlinkedفَكُلُّFor everyمَنْwhoeverشَاقَّdisobeysالرَّسُولَthe Messengerمِنْfromبَعْدِafterمَاwhatتَبَيَّنَbecame clearلَهُto himالْهُدَىٰthe guidanceفَقَدْhasاتَّبَعَfollowedغَيْرَother thanسَبِيلِthe path ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersوَكُلُّAnd whoeverمَنْwhoeverاتَّبَعَfollowsغَيْرَother thanسَبِيلِthe path ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersفَقَدْhasشَاقَّdisobeyedالرَّسُولَthe Messengerمِنْfromبَعْدِafterمَاwhatتَبَيَّنَbecame clearلَهُto himالْهُدَىٰthe guidance
Indeed, they are interlinked; for every one who disobeys the Messenger after what has become clear to him of the guidance has followed other than the path of the believers, and whoever follows other than the path of the believers has disobeyed the Messenger after what has become clear to him of the guidance.
فَإِنْIndeed, ifكَانَhe thinksيَظُنُّhe thinksأَنَّهُthat he isمُتَّبِعًاfollowingسَبِيلَthe path ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersوَهُوَwhile he isمُخْطِئٌmistakenفَهُوَhe isبِمَنْزِلَةِin the status ofمَنْone whoظَنَّthinksأَنَّهُthat he isمُتَّبِعًاfollowingلِلرَّسُولِthe Messengerوَهُوَwhile he isمُخْطِئٌmistaken
Indeed, if he thinks that he is following the path of the believers while he is mistaken, he is in the status of one who thinks that he is following the Messenger while he is mistaken.
وَهَذِهِAnd thisالْآيَةُverseتَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىٰthatإِجْمَاعَthe consensusالْمُؤْمِنِينَof the believersحُجَّةٌis evidence::مِنْfromجِهَةٍthe perspectiveأَنَّthatمُخَالَفَتَهُمtheir oppositionمُسْتَلْزِمَةٌentailsلِمُخَالَفَةِthe opposition ofالرَّسُولِthe Messengerوَأَنَّand thatكُلَّeveryمَاwhatأَجْمَعُواthey agreed uponعَلَيْهِupon it,,فَلَاthere is noبُدَّdoubtأَنَّthatيَكُونَit isفِيهِin itنَصٌّtextعَنْfromالرَّسُولِthe Messenger,,فَكُلُّeveryمَسْأَلَةٍissueيُقَطَّعُis decidedفِيهَاin itبِالْإِجْمَاعِby consensusوَبِانْتِفَاءِand the lackالْمُنَازِعِof disputeمِنَfromالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believers,,فَإِنَّهَاit isمِمَّاfrom whatبَيَّنَclarifiedاللَّهُAllahفِيهِin itالْهُدَىٰthe guidanceوَمُخَالِفٌand whoever opposesمِثْلَlikeهَذَاthisالإِجْمَاعِconsensusيُكَفَّرُis disbelieved,,كَمَاasيُكَفَّرُis disbelievedمُخَالِفٌthe opponent ofالنَّصِّthe textالْبَيِّنِthe clear.
And this verse indicates that the consensus of the believers is evidence: from the perspective that their opposition entails the opposition of the Messenger and that every issue they agree upon must have a text from the Messenger in it, so every issue that is definitively decided by consensus and with the absence of dispute from the believers is from what Allah has clarified in it the guidance, and whoever opposes such a consensus is disbelieved, as is the case for the one who opposes the clear text.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forإِذَاifكَانَhe thinksيَظُنُّhe thinksالإِجْمَاعَthe consensusوَلَاand notيُقَطَّعُis certainبِهِof it,,فَهُنَاhereقَدmayلَاnotيُقَطَّعُbe certainأَيْضًاalsoبِأَنَّهَاthat it isمِمَّاfrom whatتَبَيَّنَhas been clarifiedفِيهَاin itالْهُدَىٰthe guidanceمِنْfromجِهَةِthe aspect ofالرَّسُولِthe Messenger,,وَمُخَالِفٌand whoever opposesمِثْلَlikeهَذَاthisالإِجْمَاعِconsensusقَدmayلَاnotيُكَفَّرَbe disbelieved,,بَلْratherقَدmayيَكُونَbeيَظُنُّthoughtالإِجْمَاعَof the consensusخَطَأًa mistakeوَالصَّوَابُand the correctفِيinخِلَافِcontradictionهَذَاthisالْقَوْلِsaying,,وَهَذَاand thisهُوَisفَصْلٌthe distinctionالْخِطَابِof the speechفِيْمَاin whatيُكَفَّرُis disbelievedبِهِby itمِمَّاofمُخَالَفَةِopposingالإِجْمَاعِthe consensusوَمَاand whatلَاnotيُكَفَّرُbe disbelieved
And as for if he thinks the consensus and does not have certainty about it, then here he may also not be clearly certain that it is from what has been clarified in the guidance of the Messenger, and whoever opposes such consensus may not be disbelieved; rather, he may think the consensus is a mistake and that the correct view is in contradiction to this saying, and this is the distinction of the speech in what is disbelieved by opposing the consensus and what is not disbelieved.
وَالْإِجْمَاعُAnd the consensusهَلis itهُوَisقَطْعِيٌّdefinitiveالدَّلَالَةُindicationأَوorظَنِّيٌّpresumptiveالدَّلَالَةُindication؟?فَإِنَّIndeedمِنَsomeالنَّاسِpeopleمِنَwhoيُطْلِقُassertsالإِثْبَاتَthe affirmationبِهَذَاof thisأَوorهَذَاthisوَمِنْهُمْand among themمَنْwhoيُطْلِقُdeniesالنَّفْيَthe denialلَهَذَاof thisوَلَهَذَاand thisوَالصَّوَابُand the correctالتَّفْصِيلُdistinctionبَيْنَbetweenمَاwhatيُقَطَّعُis certainبِهِwith itمِنَfromالإِجْمَاعِthe consensus,,وَيُعْلَمُand it is knownيَقِينًاfor certainأَنَّهُthat it is notفِيهِin itمِنْofمُنَازِعٍdisputesمِنَfromالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersأَصْلاًwhatsoever,,فَهَذَاso thisيَجِبُmustالْقَطْعُbe certainبِأَنَّهُthat it isحَقٌّthe truth,,وَهَذَاand thisلَاmust notبُدٌّbeأَنْthatيَكُونَit isمِمَّاfrom whatبَيَّنَhas clarifiedفِيهِin itالرَّسُولُthe Messengerالْهُدَىٰthe guidance,,كَمَاasقَدhasبَسَطَelaboratedهَذَاthisفِيinمَوْضِعٍa placeآخَرَother.
And is the consensus definitive in indication or presumptive in indication? Indeed, some people assert the affirmation of this or this, and among them are those who deny it for this and for this; however, the correct distinction is between what is certain with the consensus, and is certainly known that there is no dispute from the believers whatsoever, so this must be certain that it is the truth, and this must not be of what the Messenger has clarified in it the guidance, as this has been elaborated in another place.
وَمِنAnd fromجِهَةٍthe perspective thatإِذَاifوَصَفَdescribesالْوَاجِبَthe obligatoryبِصِفَاتٍwith attributesمُتلازمةٍinterlinkedدَلَّindicatesعَلَىٰthatأَنَّeveryكُلَّattributeمِنْofتِلْكَthoseالصِّفَاتِattributesمَتَىwheneverظَهَرَتْthey appearوَجَبَit is obligatoryاتِّبَاعُهَاto follow themوَهَذَاand thisمِثَالٌis likeالصِّرَاطِthe pathالْمُسْتَقِيمِstraightالَّذِيwhichأَمَرَنَاHe commanded usاللَّهُAllahبِسُــؤَالِby askingهَدَايَتِهِfor guidanceفَإِنَّهُfor He isقَدْhasوَصَفَهَاdescribedبِأَنَّهَاasالإِسْلَامَIslam,,وَوَصَفَهَاdescribedبِأَنَّهَاasاتِّبَاعَfollowingالْقُرْآنَthe Quran,,وَوَصَفَهَاand describedبِأَنَّهَاasطَاعَةًobedienceاللَّهِto Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger,,وَوَصَفَهَاand describedبِأَنَّهَاasطَرِيقًa pathالْعَبُودِيَةِof servitude,,وَمَعْلُومٌand it is known.
And from the perspective that if the obligatory is described with interlinked attributes, it indicates that every attribute of those attributes, whenever it appears, must be followed; and this is like the straight path which Allah commanded us to ask for His guidance, for He has described it as Islam, he described it as following the Quran, and He described it as obedience to Allah and His Messenger, and He described it as the path of servitude; and it is known.