وَالْمَقْصُودُAnd the intendedهُناhereأَنْis thatكُلَّeverythingمَاthat whichنَفَاهُdeniedاللَّهُAllahوَرَسُولُهُand His Messengerمِنْfromمُسَمًّىthe nameأَسْمَاءِof the namesالأُمُورِthe mattersالْوَاجِبَةِobligatory, كَاسْمِ, such as the nameالْإِيمَانِof faith, وَالْإِسْلَامِ, of Islam, وَالدِّينِ, of religion, وَالصَّلَاةِ, of prayer, وَالصِّيَامِ, of fasting, وَالطَّهَارَةِ, of purity, وَالْحَجِّ, and pilgrimage, وَغَيْرِ, and otherذَلِكَthat, فَإِنَّمَا, is onlyيَكُونُthe caseلِتَرْكِfor leavingوَاجِبٍan obligationمِنْfromذَلِكَthatالمُسَمَّىnamed.
And the intended here is that everything which Allah and His Messenger have denied from the names of obligatory matters, such as the name of faith, Islam, religion, prayer, fasting, purity, pilgrimage, and other such things, is the case for leaving an obligation from that named.
وَمِنْAnd fromهَذَاthisقَوْلُهُis His sayingتَعَالَىthe Most High::طَوْرٌIndeedفَلَاnotوَرَبِّكَby your Lordلَاthey will notيُؤْمِنُونَbelieveحَتَّىuntilيُحَكِّمُوكَthey make you judgeفِي مَاin whatشَجَرَتْhas disputedبَيْنَهُمْbetween themثُمَّthenلَاthey will notيَجِدُواfindفِيinأَنفُسِهِمْthemselvesحَرَجًاany discomfortمِّمَّاfrom whatقَضَيْتَyou have judgedوَيُسَلِّمُواand they submitتَسْلِيمًاsubmission.
And from this is His saying, the Most High: 'Indeed, by your Lord, they will not believe until they make you judge in what has been disputed between them. Then they will not find any discomfort in themselves from what you have judged, and they will submit in full submission.'
فَلَمَّاSo whenنَفَىHe deniedالْإِيمَانَfaithحَتَّىuntilتُوجَدَthere existsهَذِهِthisالْغَايَةَgoal,دَلَّit indicatesعَلَىthatأَنَّthatهَذِهِthisالْغَايَةَgoalفَرْضٌis an obligationعَلَىuponالنَّاسِthe people.
So when He denied faith until this goal exists, it indicates that this goal is an obligation upon the people.
فَمَنWhoeverتَرَكَهَاleaves itكَانَhe isمِنْofأَهْلِthe peopleالْوَعِيدِof warning,لَمْhe has notيَكُنbeenقَدْcertainlyأَتَىcomeبِالْإِيمَانِwith the obligatory faithالْوَاجِبِthat is requiredالَّذِيwhichوَعَدَpromisedأَهْلَهُits peopleبِدُخُولِwith enteringالْجَنَّةِthe Paradiseبِلَاwithoutعَذَابٍpunishment,فَإِنَّfor verilyاللَّهَAllahإِنَّمَاonlyوَعَدَpromisedبِذَلِكَthat fromمِنْthe one whoفَعَلَactsمَاwhatأَمَرَHe commandedبِهِhim.
Whoever leaves it is one of the people of warning; he has not come with the obligatory faith that is required, which was promised to its people with entering Paradise without punishment, for verily, Allah only promised that from the one who acts on what He commanded.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forفِعْلِthe action ofبَعْضِsomeالْوَاجِبَاتِof the obligationsوَاتْرُكْand leavingبَعْضَهَاsome of them, فَهُوَ, he isمُعَرَّضٌexposedلِلْوَعِيدِto the warning,وَمَعْلُومٌand it is knownبِاتِّفَاقِby the consensusالْمُسْلِمِينَof the Muslimsأَنَّهُthat it isيَجِبُobligatoryتَحْكِيمُto apply the rulings ofالرَّسُولِthe Messengerفِيinكُلِّallمَاthat whichشَجَرَhas arisenبَيْنَbetweenالنَّاسِthe peopleفِيinأَمْرِthe mattersدِينِهِمْof their religionوَدُنْيَاهُمْand their worldly affairs,فِيinأُصُولِthe foundationsدِينِهِمْof their religionوَفُرُوعِهِand its branches.
And as for the action of some of the obligations and leaving some of them, he is exposed to the warning, and it is known by the consensus of the Muslims that it is obligatory to apply the rulings of the Messenger in all that has arisen between the people in the matters of their religion and worldly affairs, in the foundations of their religion and its branches.
وَعَلَيْهِمْAnd upon themكُلَّهُمْall of themإِذَاifحَكَمَhe judgesبِشَيْءٍwith somethingأَنْthat theyلَاshould notيَجِدُواfindفِيinأَنفُسِهِمْthemselvesحَرَجًاany discomfortمِمَّاfrom whatحَكَمَhe has judgedوَيُسَلِّمُواand they submitتَسْلِيمًاfully.
And upon them all, if he judges with something, they should not find any discomfort in themselves from what he has judged and they submit fully.
قَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Most High::﴿أَلَمْHave you notتَرَseenإِلَىtoالَّذِينَthose whoيَزْعُمُونَclaimأَنَّهُمْthat theyءَامَنُواhave believedبِمَاin whatأُنزِلَhas been revealedإِلَيْكَto youوَمَاand whatأُنزِلَhas been revealedمِنْfromقَبْلِكَbefore youيُرِيدُونَthey wantأَنْtoيَتَحَاكَمُواseek judgmentإِلَىtoالطَّاغُوتِthe tyrantوَقَدْand they have beenأُمِرُواcommandedأَنْtoيَكْفُرُواdisbelieveبِهِin it.وَيُرِيدُAnd the devil wantsالشَّيْطَانُthe devilأَنْtoيُضِلَّهُمْmislead themضَلَالًاin misguidanceبَعِيدًاfar away.
He said the Most High: 'Have you not seen those who claim that they have believed in what has been revealed to you and what has been revealed before you? They want to seek judgment to the tyrant while they have been commanded to disbelieve in it. And the devil wants to mislead them in far misguidance.'
وَإِذَاAnd whenقِيلَit was saidلَهُمْto themتَعَالَوْاcomeإِلَىtoمَاwhatأَنزَلَhas revealedاللَّهُAllahوَإِلَىand toالرَّسُولِthe Messengerرَأَيْتَyou seeالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesيَصُدُّونَthey turn awayعَنكَfrom youصُدُودًاaway.
And when it was said to them, 'Come to what Allah has revealed and to the Messenger,' you see the hypocrites turning away from you in aversion.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying:: إِلَىtoمَاwhatأَنزَلَhas revealedاللَّهُAllah))وَقَدْAnd indeedأَنزَلَhas revealedاللَّهُAllahالْكِتَابَthe Bookوَالْحِكْمَةَand the Wisdomوَهِيَand it isالسُّنَّةَthe Sunnah.قَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Most High::﴿وَاذْكُرُواAnd rememberنِعْمَتَthe favorاللَّهِof Allahعَلَيْكُمْupon youوَمَاand whatأَنزَلَhe has revealedعَلَيْكُمْupon youمِّنَfromالْكِتَابِthe Bookوَالْحِكْمَةِand the WisdomيَعِظُكُمHe advises you with it.بِهِwith it.
And His saying: 'To what Allah has revealed,' and indeed Allah has revealed the Book and the Wisdom, which is the Sunnah. He said the Most High: 'And remember the favor of Allah upon you and what He has revealed to you from the Book and the Wisdom. He advises you with it.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىthe Most High::﴿وَأَنزَلَAnd He revealedاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْكَupon youالْكِتَابَthe Bookوَالْحِكْمَةَand the Wisdomوَعَلَّمَكَand He taught youمَاwhatلَمْyou have notتَكُنbeenتَعْلَمaware ofوَكَانَand it wasفَضْلُthe bountyاللَّهِof Allahعَلَيْكَupon youعَظِيمًاgreat.
And He said the Most High: 'And Allah has revealed upon you the Book and the Wisdom, and He taught you what you had not been aware of, and it was the great bounty of Allah upon you.'
وَالْدُّعَاءُAnd the callingإِلَىtoمَاwhatأُنزِلَwas revealedيَسْتَلْزِمُentailsالدُّعَاءَthe callingإِلَىtoالرَّسُولِthe Messengerوَالْدُّعَاءَand the callingإِلَىtoالرَّسُولِthe Messengerيَسْتَلْزِمُentailsالدُّعَاءَthe callingإِلَىtoمَاwhatأَنزَلَهُHe revealed it., وَهَذَا, and thisمِثْلٌis likeطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّهِAllahوَالرَّسُولِand the Messenger,فَإِنَّهُمَاfor they areمُتَلَازِمَانِinseparable.ومَنAnd whoeverيُطِعِobeysالرَّسُولَthe Messengerفَقَدْhas indeedأَطَاعَobeyedاللَّهَAllah.
And the calling to what was revealed entails the calling to the Messenger, and the calling to the Messenger entails the calling to what He revealed, and this is like the obedience to Allah and the Messenger, for they are inseparable. And whoever obeys the Messenger has indeed obeyed Allah.