لَاnotبِدٌnecessaryمِنْtoتَصْدِيقٍbelievingبَاطِنٍhidden
It is necessary to believe in the hidden.
وَيُحْتَمَلُand it is possibleأَنْthatيَكُونَit isلَفْظٌthe termالتَّصْدِيقِbeliefعِندَهُwith himيَتَضَمَّنُincludesالْقَوْلَthe statementوَالْعَمَلَand actionجَمِيعًاtogether
And it is possible that the term 'belief' with him includes statement and action together.
كَمَاAsقَدْhasذَكَرْنَاwe mentionedشَوَاهِدَهُits evidenceأَنَّهُthatيُقَالُit is saidصَدَّقَto have believedبِالْقَوْلِby statementوَالْعَمَلِand action
As we have mentioned its evidence that it is said: 'He believed by statement and action'.
فَيَكُونُThus, it becomesتَصْدِيقُthe beliefالْقَلْبِof the heartعِندَهُwith himيَتَضَمَّنُincludesأَنَّهُthatمَعْرِفَةٌknowledgeقَلْبَهُof his heartأَنَّهُthatرَسُولٌthe Messengerاللَّهِof Allahقَدْhasلَهُto himخَضَعَsubmitted
Thus, the belief of the heart with him includes that he knows in his heart that he is the Messenger of Allah, to whom he has submitted.
وَانْقَادَand obeyedفَصَدَّقَThus he believedهُhimبِقَوْلِby the statementقَلْبِهِof his heartوَعَمَلِand the actionقَلْبِهِof his heartمَحَبَّةًwith loveوَتَعْظِيمًاand magnification
And he believed by the statement of his heart and the action of his heart with love and magnification.
وَإِلَّاOtherwiseفَمُجَرَّدُthe mereمَعْرِفَةٌknowledgeقَلْبِهِof his heartأَنَّهُthatرَسُولٌthe Messengerاللَّهِof Allahمَعَwithالإِعْرَاضِthe aversionعَنْtoالْانْقِيَادِsubmitلَهُto himوَلَمَّاand to whatجَاءَcameبِهِwith itإِمَّاeitherحَسَدًاenvyأَوْorكِبْرًاprideأَوْorلِمَحَبَّةِfor the love ofدِينٍa religionهُitالَّذِيthatيُخَالفُهُcontradicts himأَوْorلِغَيْرِfor otherذَاكَthatفَلَاthen notيَكُونُbeإِيمَانًاfaith
Otherwise, mere knowledge of his heart that he is the Messenger of Allah, with aversion to submission to him and to what he has brought, whether out of envy, pride, or love for the religion that contradicts him, or for any other reason, is not considered faith.
وَلَاAndبِدٌnecessaryفِيinالإِيْمَانِfaithمِنْofعِلْمٍknowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartوَعَمَلِهِand its action
And it is necessary in faith to have knowledge of the heart and its action.
فَأَرَادَSo Ahmad meantبِالتَّصْدِيقِby beliefأَنْthatمَعَwithالمَعْرِفَةِknowledgeبِهِof himصَارَbecameالْقَلْبُthe heartمُصَدِّقًاbelievingلَهُto himتَابِعًاfollowingلَهُto himمُحِبًّاlovingلَهُto himمُعَظِّمًاmagnifying him
So Ahmad meant by belief that with the knowledge of him, the heart became a believer, following him, loving him, and magnifying him.
فَإِنَّForهَذَاthisلَاnotبِدٌnecessaryمِنْهُof it
For this is necessary.
وَمَنْAnd whoeverدَفَعَwho deniedهَذَاthisعَنْfromأَنْtoيَكُونَbeمِنَofالإِيْمَانِfaithفَهُوَis himمِنْofجِنْسِthe kindمِنَofدَفْعٍdenyالْمَعْرِفَةِthe knowledgeمِنْfromأَنْthatتَكُونَbeمِنَofالإِيْمَانِfaith
And whoever denies this from being part of faith, is of the same kind as those who deny knowledge from being part of faith.
وَهَذَاAnd thisأَشْبَهُis more similarبِأَنْtoيُحْمَلَcarryعَلَيْهِon itكَلَامٌthe speechأَحْمَدَof Ahmadلِأَنَّbecauseوُجُوبَthe necessityالانْقِيَادِsubmissionالْقَلْبِof the heartمَعَwithمَعْرِفَتِهِhis knowledgeظَاهِرٌis evidentثَابِتٌestablishedبِدَلَائِلَby the evidenceالْكِتَابِof the bookوَالسُّنَةِand the Sunnahوَإِجْمَاعِand consensusالأُمَّةِthe nation
And this is more similar to carry the speech of Ahmad because the necessity of the submission of the heart with its knowledge is evident and established by the evidence of the book, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the nation.
بَلْIndeedذَلِكَthatمَعْلُومٌis knownبِالِاضْطِرَارِby necessityمِنْofدِينِthe religionالإِسْلَامِof Islam
Indeed, that is known by necessity from the religion of Islam.
وَمَنْAnd whoeverنَازَعَdisputesمِنَfromالْجَهْمِيَّةِthe Jahmiyyahفِيinأَنْthatالانْقِيَادَthe submissionالْقَلْبِof the heartمِنَis ofالإِيْمَانِthe faithفَهُوَis likeمِنَthe one fromنَازَعَwho disputesمِنَfromالْكَرَامِيَّةِthe Karamiyyahفِيinأَنْthatمَعْرِفَةَthe knowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartمِنَis ofالإِيْمَانِfaith
And whoever disputes from the Jahmiyyah that the submission of the heart is of faith, is like one who disputes from the Karamiyyah that the knowledge of the heart is of faith.
فَكَانَThus, it wasحَمْلُcarryingكَلَامِthe speechأَحْمَدَof Ahmadعَلَىonهَذَاthisهُوَisالْمُنَاسِبُthe suitableلِكَلَامِهِfor his speechفِيinهَذَاthisالْمَقَامِsituation
Thus, carrying the speech of Ahmad on this is suitable for his speech in this situation.
وَأَيْضًاAnd alsoفَإِنَّbecauseالْفَرْقَthe differenceبَيْنَbetweenمَعْرِفَةِthe knowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartوَبَيْنَand betweenمُجَرَّدِthe mereتَصْدِيقِbeliefالْقَلْبِof the heartالْخَالِيemptyعَنْfromالانْقِيَادِsubmissionالَّذِيwhichيُجْعَلُis consideredقَوْلًاthe statementالْقَلْبِof the heartأَمْرٌmatterدَقِيقٌdelicateوَأَكْثَرُand mostالْعُقَلَاءِof the rationalيُنْكِرُونَهُdeny it
And also because the difference between the knowledge of the heart and the mere belief of the heart without submission is a delicate matter that most of the rational deny.
وَبِتَقْدِيرِAnd in the assumptionصِحَّتِهِof its validityلَاnotيَجِبُnecessaryعَلَىonكُلِّeveryoneأَحَدٍtoأَنْtoيُوجِبَobligateشَيْئَيْنِtwo thingsلَاthat do notيَتَصَوَّرَimagineالْفَرْقَthe differenceبَيْنَهُمَاbetween them
And in the assumption of its validity, it is not necessary for everyone to obligate two things that cannot differentiate between them.
وَأَكْثَرُAnd mostالنَّاسِpeopleلَاnotيَتَصَوَّرُونَimagineالْفَرْقَthe differenceبَيْنَbetweenمَعْرِفَةِthe knowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartوَتَصْدِيقِهِand its beliefوَيَقُولُونَand they sayإِنَّthatمَاwhatقَالَهُhas saidابْنُIbnكُلَابٍKalabوَالْأَشْعَرِيُّand Ash'ariمِنَofالْفَرْقَاتِthe differencesكَلَامٌspeechبَاطِلٌfalseلَاnotحَقِيقَةٌtruthلَهُfor it
And most people cannot imagine the difference between the knowledge of the heart and its belief, and they say that what Ibn Kalab and Ash'ari have said about the differences is false speech with no truth to it.
وَكَثِيرٌAnd manyمِنْofأَصْحَابِهِhis companionsاعْتَرَفُواacknowledgedبِعَدَمِthe absence ofالْفَرْقِthe differenceوَعُمدَتُهُمْand their proofمِنَfromالْحُجَّةِthe evidenceإِنَّمَاis onlyهُوَisخَبَرُnewsالْكَاذِبِthe liar
And many of his companions acknowledged the absence of the difference, and their proof is merely the news of the liar.
قَالُواThey said::فِيSo inقَلْبِهِhis heartخَبَرٌthere is newsبِخِلَافِcontrary toعِلْمِهِknowledgeفَدَلَّit indicatesعَلَىonالْفَرْقِthe difference
They said: So in his heart, there is news contrary to his knowledge, which indicates the difference.
فَقَالَSo the people saidلَهُمto themالنَّاسُthe people::ذَاكَthatبِتَقْدِيرِin the assumptionخَبَرٌnewsوَعِلْمٌand knowledgeلَيْسَis notهُوَitعِلْمًاa knowledgeحَقِيقِيًّاtrueوَلَاnorخَبَرًاnewsحَقِيقِيًّاtrueوَلَمَّاand whenأَثْبَتُوهُthey establishedمِنْfromقَوْلِthe statementالْقَلْبِof the heartالْمُخَالِفِthat contradictsلِلْعِلْمِthe knowledgeوَالإِرَادَةِand the willإِنَّمَاonlyيَعُودُreturnsإِلَىtoتَقْدِيرِthe assumptionعُلُومٍknowledgesوَإِرَادَاتٍand willsلَاnotإِلَىtoجِنْسٍthe typeآخَرَotherيُخَالِفُهَاthat contradicts it
So the people said to them: That, in the assumption of news and knowledge, is neither true knowledge nor true news, and when they established the statement of the heart that contradicts the knowledge and the will, it only returns to the assumption of knowledges and wills, not to another kind that contradicts them.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisقَالُواthey said::إِنَّthatالْإِنْسَانَa personلَاnotيُمْكِنُهُhe canأَنْtoيَقُومَactبِقَلْبِهِwith his heartخَبَرٌnewsبِخِلَافِcontrary toعِلْمِهِhis knowledgeوَإِنَّمَاand he can onlyيُمْكِنُهُhe canأَنْtoيَقُولَsayذَاكَthatبِلِسَانِهِby his tongueوَأَمَّاbut regardingأَنْthatيَقُومَhe doesبِقَلْبِهِwith his heartخَبَرٌnewsبِخِلَافِcontrary toمَاwhatيَعْلَمُهُhe knowsفَهَذَاthisلَاnotيُمْكِنُهُit can
And for this, they said: That a person cannot with his heart have news contrary to his knowledge, and he can only say that with his tongue, but that he acts with his heart with news contrary to what he knows, this cannot happen.