الْعَمَلُ،The work,لِأَنَّهُbecause itلَاdoes notيُضَيِّعُwasteمَاwhatفُرِضَwas imposedعَلَيْهِupon himوَيَرْتَكِبُand commitsالْكَبَائِرَthe major sinsإِلَّاexceptمِنْfromقِلَّةٍa lack ofخَوْفِهِ،his fear,وَإِنَّمَاand trulyيَقِلُّdiminishesخَوْفُهُhis fearمِنْfromقِلَّةٍa lack ofتَعْظِيمِهِhis glorificationاللَّهَof Godوَأَوْعِيدِهِ،and His threats,فَقَدْfor he hasتَرَكَleftمِنَofالإِيمَانِthe faithالتَّعْظِيمِthe glorificationالَّذِيthat whichصَدَرَemanatedعَنْهُfrom himالْخَوْفُfearوَالْوَرَعُand pietyعَنْfromالْخَوْفِfear
The work does not waste what was imposed upon him, and he commits major sins except from a lack of his fear; and truly, his fear diminishes from a lack of glorifying God and His threats. For he has left from the faith the glorification that emanated from fear and piety from fear.
فَأَقْسَمَSo he sworeالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetأَنَّهُthat heلَاdoes notيُؤْمِنُbelieveإِذَاifلَمْnotيَأْمَنْfeel safeجَارُهُhis neighborبِوَاثِقِهِ.with his trust.
So the Prophet swore that he does not believe if his neighbor does not feel safe with his trust.
ثُمَّThenقَدْindeedرُوِيَit was narratedجَمَاعَةٌby a groupعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetأَنَّهُthat heقَالَ:said:سَبَابُCursingالْمُسْلِمِa Muslimفَسُوقٌis wickednessوَقَاتِلُهُand fighting himكُفْرٌis disbelief.وَأَنَّهُAnd heقَالَsaid:«إِذَا"Ifقَالَa Muslim saysالْمُسْلِمُto his brother:يَاOكَافِرٌ،disbeliever,وَلَمْand notيَكُنbeكَذَلِكَlike thatبَاءَhe returnsبِالْكُفْرِwith disbelief.
Then it was indeed narrated by a group from the Prophet that he said: "Cursing a Muslim is wickedness, and fighting him is disbelief. And he said: 'If a Muslim says to his brother: O disbeliever,' and he is not like that, he returns with disbelief."
فَقَدْIndeedسَمَّاهُhe named himالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetبِقِتَالِهِfor fightingأَخَاهُhis brotherكَافِرًاa disbelieverوَبِقَوْلِهِand by his sayingلَهُto himيَاOكَافِرٌ،disbeliever,كَافِرًا،he is a disbeliever,
Indeed, the Prophet named him for fighting his brother a disbeliever, and by his saying to him 'O disbeliever,' he is a disbeliever.
وَتِلْكَAnd thisالْكَلِمَةُwordدُونَless thanالزِّنَىadulteryوَالسَّرِقَةِand theftوَشَرْبِand drinkingالْخَمْرِwine.قَالُواThey said,
And this word is less than adultery, theft, and drinking wine.
فَأَمَّاAs forقَوْلِthe statementمَنْof thoseاحْتَجَّwho argueعَلَيْنَا،against us,فَزَعَمُواthey claimed thatأَنَّاweإِذَاifسَمَّيْنَاهُwe named himكَافِرًاa disbelieverلَزِمَنَاwe mustأَنْtoيُحْكَمَjudgeعَلَيْهِupon himبِحُكْمِby the rulingالْكَافِرِينَof the disbelieversبِاللَّهِ،in God,فَنَسْتَتِيبَهُso we grant him a chance to repentوَنُبْطِلَand negateالْحُدودَthe limitsعَنْهُ،against him,
As for the statement of those who argue against us, they claimed that if we named him a disbeliever, we must judge him by the ruling of the disbelievers in God, so we grant him a chance to repent and negate the limits against him.
لِأَنَّهُBecauseإِذَاifكَفَرَhe disbelievesفَقَدْthenزَالَتremovesعَنْهُfrom himأَحْكَامُthe rulingsالْمُؤْمِنِينَof the believersوَحُدُودُهُمْ،and their limits,وَفِيand inذَلِكَthatإِسْقَاطُremoval ofالْحُدُودِthe limitsوَأَحْكَامُand the rulingsالْمُؤْمِنِينَof the believersعَلَىuponكُلِّeveryoneمَنْwhoأَتَىcommittedكَبِيرَةً،a major sin,
Because if he disbelieves, then the rulings and limits of the believers are removed from him, and in that is the removal of the limits and rulings of the believers upon everyone who committed a major sin.
فَإِنَّاIndeed, weلَمْdid notنَذْهَبَgoفِيtoذَلِكَthatإِلَىtoحَيْثُwhereذَهَبُواthey went.وَلَكِنَّاBut weنَقُولُ:say:لِلْإِيمَانِFor faithأَصْلٌis a rootوَفَرْعٌand a branchوَضِدُّand the opposite ofالإِيمَانِfaith isالْكُفْرُdisbeliefفِيinكُلِّeveryمَعْنًى،meaning,
Indeed, we did not go into that where they went. But we say: For faith is a root and a branch, and the opposite of faith is disbelief in every meaning.
فَأَصْلُSo the rootالإِيمَانِof faithالإِقْرَارُis the acknowledgmentوَالتَّصْدِيقُ،and confirmation,وَفَرْعُهُand its branchإِكْمَالُis to completeالْعَمَلَthe workبِالْقَلْبِwith the heartوَالْبَدَنِ،and the body.فَضِدُّSo the opposite ofالإِقْرَارِthe acknowledgmentوَالتَّصْدِيقِand confirmationالَّذِيthat whichهُوَisأَصْلُthe rootالإِيمَانِof faithاللَّكُفْرُdisbeliefبِاللَّهِin Godوَبِمَاand whatقَالَ،He said,وَتَرْكُand leavingالتَّصْدِيقِthe confirmationبِهِ،of Him,
So the root of faith is the acknowledgment and confirmation, and its branch is to complete the work with the heart and the body. So the opposite of the acknowledgment and confirmation which is the root of faith is the disbelief in God and what He said, and leaving the confirmation of Him.
وَلَهُAnd to Himوَضِدُّand the opposite ofالإِيمَانِfaithالَّذِيwhich isعَمَلٌactionوَلَيْسَand notهُوَisإِقْرَارًا،an acknowledgment,كُفْرٌdisbeliefلَيْسَis notبِكُفْرٍwith disbeliefبِاللَّهِin Godيُنْقَلُthat carriesعَنْfromالْمِلَّةِ،the religion,وَلَكِنَّbutكُفْرٌdisbeliefتَضْيِيعٌthe neglecting ofالْعَمَلِ،work.كَمَاJust asكَانَit wasالْعَمَلُthe workإِيمَانًا،a faith,وَلَيْسَand notهُوَisالإِيمَانِthe faithالَّذِيthat whichهُوَisإِقْرَارٌacknowledgmentبِاللَّهِ،in God,فَلَمَّاSo whenكَانَit wasمَنْof one who leftالإِيمَانِthe faithالَّذِيwhich isإِقْرَارٌacknowledgmentبِاللَّهِin Godكَافِرًاdisbelieverيُسْتَتَابُshould be granted a chance to repentوَمَنْand fromتَرَكَleavingالإِيمَانِthe faithالَّذِيwhich isعَمَلٌactionمَثَلُlikeالزَّكَاةِthe almsgivingوَالْحَجِّand pilgrimageوَالصِّيَامِ،and fasting,
And to Him, the opposite of faith, which is action, and is not an acknowledgment, is disbelief that does not carry one from the religion, but it is the disbelief of neglecting work. Just as it was the work, a faith, and is not the faith which is the acknowledgment in God. So when it is of one who left the faith which is the acknowledgment in God, he is a disbeliever who should be granted a chance to repent, and from leaving the faith which is action, like almsgiving, pilgrimage, and fasting,
أَوْorتَرْكُleavingالْوَرَعِthe pietyعَنْfromشُرْبِdrinkingالْخَمْرِwineوَالزِّنَىand adulteryقَدْhasزَالremovedعَنْهُfrom himبَعْضٌsomeالإِيمَانِ،of the faith,وَلَاand notيَجِبُis necessaryأَنْtoيُسْتَتَابَbe granted a chance to repentلَدَيْنَاfor usوَلَاand notعِندَat the place ofمَنْthose whoخَالَفَنَاdisagreed with usمِنْfromأَهْلِthe peopleالسُّنَّةِof the Sunnahوَأَهْلِand the peopleالْبِدْعِof innovationمِمَّنْwhomقَالَتsaid thatإِنَّthatالإِيمَانَthe faithتَصْدِيقٌis a confirmationوَعَمَلٌand an action.إِلَّاExceptالْخَوَارِجِthe Kharijitesوَحْدَهَا،alone.
Or leaving the piety from drinking wine and adultery has removed from him some of the faith, and it is not necessary that he be granted a chance to repent for us, nor at the place of those who disagreed with us from the people of the Sunnah and the people of innovation, who said that the faith is a confirmation and an action except for the Kharijites alone.
فَكَذَلِكَSimilarly,لَاit is notيَجِبُnecessaryبِقَوْلِنَا:by our saying:كَافِرٌa disbelieverمِنْfromجِهَةِthe perspective ofتَضْيِيعِthe neglect ofالْعَمَلِworkأَنْthatيُسْتَتَابَhe be granted a chance to repentوَلَاand notتَزُولَto be removedعَنْهُfrom himالْحُدُودُ،the limits,كَمَاjust asلَمْnotيَكُنbe.
Similarly, it is not necessary by our saying: a disbeliever from the perspective of the neglect of work that he be granted a chance to repent nor that the limits be removed from him, just as they were not.