فَالإِيمَانُSo faithهُوَisالتَّصْدِيقُthe beliefأَنْthatيُصَدِّقُthe servant believesالْعَبْدُthe servantبِاللَّهِin Godوَمَلَائِكَتِهِand His angelsوَمَاand whatأُنزِلَwas revealedاللَّهُby Godمِنْofكِتَابٍthe Bookوَمَاand whatأُرْسِلَwas sentمِنْbyرَسُولٍa Messengerوَبِالْيَوْمِand the Dayالْآخِرِthe Hereafter
So faith is the belief that the servant believes in God and His angels, and what was revealed by God in the Book, and what was sent by a Messenger, and in the Day of Judgment.
وَسَأَلْتَAnd you askedعَنْaboutالتَّصْدِيقِthe beliefوَالتَّصْدِيقُAnd belief:أَنْis thatيَعْمَلَthe servant actsالْعَبْدُthe servantبِمَاwith whatصَدَقَhe believesبِهِin itمِنَofالْقُرْآنِthe Quranوَمَاand whatضَعُفَhe weakenedعَنْfromشَيْءٍsomethingمِنْهُof itوَفَرَّطَand neglectedفِيهِin itعَرَفَhe knowsأَنَّهُthat itذَنبٌis a sinوَاسْتَغْفَرَand seeks forgivenessاللَّهَfrom Godوَتَابَand repentsمِنْهُfrom itوَلَمْand did notيُصِرَّpersistعَلَيْهِon itفَذَٰلِكَSo that isهُوَisالتَّصْدِيقُthe belief
And you asked about the belief, and belief is that the servant acts according to what he believes in the Quran, and if he weakens in something of it or neglects it, he knows that it is a sin and seeks forgiveness from God and repents from it, and does not persist on it; that is belief.
وَتَسْأَلُAnd you askعَنْaboutالدِّينِthe religionفَالدِّينُSo the religionهُوَisالْعِبَادَةُthe worship
And you ask about the religion; so the religion is worship.
فَإِنَّكَFor youلَنْwill notتَجِدَfindرَجُلًاa manمِنْfromأَهْلِthe people ofدِينٍreligionيَتْرُكُleavesعِبَادَةَthe worshipأَهْلِof the people ofدِينِهِhis religionثُمَّthenلَاdoes notيَدْخُلُenterفِيintoدِينٍanother religionآخَرَelseإِلَّاexceptصَارَhe becomesلَاwithoutدِينٍreligionلَهُfor him
For you will not find a man from the people of a religion who leaves the worship of the people of his religion and then does not enter into another religion except he becomes without religion.
وَتَسْأَلُAnd you askعَنْaboutالْعِبَادَةِthe worshipوَالْعِبَادَةُand the worshipهِيَisالطَّاعَةُobedience
And you ask about worship; and worship is obedience.
وَذَٰلِكَAnd that isأَنَّهُthat whoeverمِنْfromأَطَاعَobeysاللَّهَGodفِيْمَاin whatأَمَرَهُHe commanded himبِهِin itوَفِيْمَاand in whatنَهَاهُHe forbade himعَنْهُfrom itفَقَدْhas indeedأَتَمَّcompletedعِبَادَةَthe worshipاللَّهِof God
And that is that whoever obeys God in what He commanded him and in what He forbade him has indeed completed the worship of God.
وَمَنAnd whoeverأَطَاعَobeysالشَّيْطَانَSatanفِيinدِينِهِhis religionوَعَمَلِهِand his workفَقَدْhas indeedعَبَدَworshippedالشَّيْطَانَSatan
And whoever obeys Satan in his religion and his work has indeed worshipped Satan.
أَلَمْDid notتَرَyou seeأَنْthatاللَّهَGodقَالَsaidلِلَّذِينَto those whoفَرَّطُواneglectedأَلَمْDid notأَعْهَدْI commandإِلَيْكُمْto youيَا بَنِيO childrenآدَمَof Adamأَنْthatلَاnotتَعْبُدُواworship
Did not you see that God said to those who neglected: 'Did I not command you, O Children of Adam, that you not worship...'
الشَّيْطَانَSatan﴾[يَس: ٦٠]وَإِنَّمَاAnd indeedكَانَتْwasعِبَادَتُهُمْtheir worshipالشَّيْطَانَSatanأَنَّهُمْthat theyأَطَاعُوهُobeyed himفِيinدِينِهِمtheir religion
And indeed their worship of Satan was that they obeyed him in their religion.
وَقَالَAnd saidأَسَدُAsadبْنِbinمُوسَىMusaحَدَّثَنَاnarrated to usالْوَلِيدُAl-WaleedبْنِbinمُسْلِمٍMuslimعَنْaboutالْأَوْزَاعِيِّal-Awza'i
And said Asad bin Musa narrated to us Al-Waleed bin Muslim about Al-Awza'i.
حَدَّثَنَاHe narrated to usحَسَّانَHassanبْنِbinعَطِيَّةٍAtiyah:قَالَ: He saidالإِيمَانُFaithفِيinكِتَابِthe Bookاللَّهِof Godصَارَhas becomeإِلَىtoالْعَمَلِthe action
He narrated to us Hassan bin Atiyah: He said, 'Faith in the Book of God has become about action.'
قَالَGod saidتَعَالَى:﴿إِنَّمَاالْمُؤْمِنُونَIndeed, the believersالَّذِينَare those whoإِذَاwhenذُكِرَmentionedاللَّهُGodوَجِلَتْand trembleقُلُوبُهُمْtheir hearts
God said: 'Indeed, the believers are those who, when God is mentioned, their hearts tremble.'
﴾[الْأَنْفَالِ: 2]ثُمَّThenصَيَّرَهُHe turned itإِلَىtoالْعَمَلِthe actionفَقَالَand saidالَّذِينَthe ones whoيُؤْمِنُونَbelieveبِالْغَيْبِin the unseenوَيُقِيمُونَand establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَمِمَّاand from whatرَزَقْنَاWe provided themيُنْفِقُونَthey spend
Then He turned it to actions and said, 'The ones who believe in the unseen and establish the prayer, and from what We provided them, they spend.'
[الْبَقَرَةِ]قَالَHe saidوَسَمِعْتُand I heardالْأَوْزَاعِيَّAl-Awza'iيَقُولُsayingقَالَGod saidتَعَالَى:﴿فَإِنْتَابُواIf they repentوَأَقَامُواand establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَوَاتَوْاand giveالزَّكَاةَthe charityفَإِخْوَانُكُمْthen they are your brothersفِيinالدِّينِthe religion
He said and I heard Al-Awza'i saying: God said: 'If they repent and establish the prayer and give charity, then they are your brothers in the religion.'
[التَّوْبَةِ: 11]وَالإِيمَانُAnd faithبِاللَّهِin Godبِاللِّسَانِis by the tongueوَالتَّصْدِيقُand beliefبِهِin itالْعَمَلُis action
And faith in God is by the tongue and belief in it is action.
وَقَالَAnd saidمُعَمَّرٌMu'marعَنْaboutالزُّهْرِيِّal-ZuhriكُنَّاWe used toنَقُولُsayالإِسْلَامُIslamبِالْإِقْرَارِis by acknowledgmentوَالْإِيمَانُand faithبِالْعَمَلِis by action
And said Mu'mar about al-Zuhri: We used to say, 'Islam is by acknowledgment and faith is by action.'
وَالإِيمَانُAnd faithقَوْلٌis a statementوَعَمَلٌand action
And faith is a statement and action.
قَرِينَانِTwo companionsلَاdo notيَنْفَعُbenefitأَحَدُهُمَاone of themإِلَّاexceptبِالْآخَرِwith the other
They are two companions that do not benefit one without the other.
وَمَاAnd noأَحَدٌoneإِلَّاexceptيُوزَنُweighedقَوْلُهُhis sayingوَعَمَلُهُand his actionفَإِنَّfor ifكَانَit isعَمَلُهُhis actionأَوْزَنُheavierمِنَthanقَوْلِهِhis sayingصَعِدَتْascendedإِلَىtoاللَّهِGodوَإِنْand ifكَانَit isكَلَامُهُhis wordأَوْزَنُheavierعَمَلَهُthan his actionمِنْthenلَمْit does notيَصْعَدْascendإِلَىtoاللَّهِGod
And no one is weighed except his saying and his action; for if his action is heavier than his saying, it ascends to God; and if his saying is heavier than his action, then it does not ascend to God.
وَرَوَاهُAnd narratedأَبُوAbuعُمَرَUmarالطَّلْمَنْكِيُّal-Ṭalmanqiبِإِسْنَادِهِwith his narrationالْمَعْرُوفِknown.
And narrated Abu Umar al-Ṭalmanqi with his known narration.
وَقَالَAnd saidمُعَاوِيَةُMuawiyaبْنُbinعَمْرٍوAmrعَنْaboutأَبِيAbuإِسْحَاقَIshaqالْفَزَارِيِّal-Fazariعَنْaboutالْأَوْزَاعِيِّal-Awza'iقَالَ:لَايَسْتَقِيمُit is not validالإِيمَانُfaithإِلَّاexceptبِالْقَوْلِby statementوَلَاand notيَسْتَقِيمُvalid isالإِيمَانُfaithوَالْقَوْلُand the statementإِلَّاexceptبِالْعَمَلِby action
And said Muawiya bin Amr, about Abu Ishaq al-Fazari about al-Awza'i who said: 'Faith is not valid except by saying, and faith and saying are not valid except by action.'
وَلَاAnd notيَسْتَقِيمُvalid isالإِيمَانُfaithوَالْقَوْلُand the statementوَالْعَمَلُand actionإِلَّاexceptنِيَّةٌby an intentionمُوَافِقَةٌthat agreesلِلْسُّنَّةِto the Sunnah
And faith and the statement and action are not valid except by an intention that agrees with the Sunnah.
اُنظُرْReferكِتَابَto the bookالصَّلَاةِof prayerوَرَقَةًand page7373لِمُحَمَّدٍfor MuhammadبْنِbinنَصْرٍNasrالْمَرْوَزِيِّal-Marwazi.
Refer to the book of prayer, page 73 for Muhammad bin Nasr al-Marwazi.