نِفَاقًاhypocrisyوَهُوَand heيَتَنَاوَلُaddressesمَنْwhomلَمْdid notيُنَافِقْhypocrite،قَبْلَ،, before,وَمَنْand whoeverنَافَقَhypocritedثُمَّthenجَدَّدَrenewedنِفَاقًاhypocrisyثَانِيًا،second,وَقَوْلُهُ:and his saying:هُمْthey areلِلْكُفْرِcloser to disbeliefيَوْمَئِذٍon that dayأَقْرَبُcloserمِنْهُمْto themلِلْإِيمَانِthan to faith)
Hypocrisy addresses those who did not fake it before, and whoever faked and then renewed a second hypocrisy. And his saying: "They are closer to disbelief on that day than they are to faith" shows that they were not closer before that, but either they were equal, or they were closer to faith.
بَلْRatherإِمَّاeitherأَنْthatيَتَسَاوَيَا،they are equal,وَأَمَّاorأَنْthatيَكُونُواthey areلِلْإِيمَانِfor faithأَقْرَبَ،closer,وَكَذَلِكَand likewiseكَانَ،it was,فَإِنَّforابْنَIbnأَبِيAbiلَمَّاwhenانْخَذَلَhe desertedعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺpeace be upon himيَوْمَthe dayأُحُدٍ،of Uhud,انْخَذَلَa third of the people deserted,قِيلَit was said:كَانُواthey wereنَحْوَaboutثَلاَثِمِئَةٍ،three hundred,وَهَذَاand theseلَمْdid notيَكُونُواbeقَبْلَbeforeذَلِكَthatكُلُّهُمْall of themمُنَافِقِينَhypocritesفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe soulإِذْwhenلَمْthere was notيَكُنْto beلَهُمْfor themدَاعٍa callإِلَىtoالنِّفَاقِ،hypocrisy,
Rather, they are either equal, or they were closer to faith. This was true, for when Ibn Abi deserted the Prophet (peace be upon him) on the day of Uhud, a third of the people deserted. It was said: they were about three hundred, and these were not all hypocrites in their hearts before that when they had no call to hypocrisy.
فَإِنَّForابْنَIbnأَبِيAbiكَانَwasمَظْهَرًاshowingلِطَاعَةِobedience toالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetالْإِيمَانِfaithبِهِ،in him,وَكَانَand he wasكُلَّeveryيَوْمِdayجُمُعَةٍFridayخَطِيبًاa preacherفِيinالْمَسْجِدِthe mosqueيَأْمُرُorderingبِالاتِّبَاعِto followالنَّبِيِّ،the Prophet,وَلَمْand did notيَكُنْbeمَاwhatفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heartيُظْهَرُmanifestedإِلَّاexceptلِقَلِيلٍfor a fewيَقُومُstandsمِنَfromالنَّاسِthe peopleإِنْifظَهَرَ،appears,وَكَانَand wasمُعَظَّمًاgreatly respectedفِيamongقَوْمِهِhis peopleكَانُواwho hadقَدْalreadyعَزَمُواdecidedعَلَىtoأَنْthatيَتَوَّجُوهُthey crown himوَيَجْعَلُوهُand make himمِثْلَlikeالْمَلِكِthe kingعَلَيْهِمover them
For Ibn Abi was manifesting obedience to the Prophet and faith in him. He was a preacher in the mosque every Friday, ordering to follow the Prophet, and what was in his heart appeared only to a few of the people if it appeared. He was greatly respected among his people who had already decided to crown him and make him like a king over them.
فَلَمَّاSo whenجَاءَتcameالنُّبُوَّةُthe Prophethoodبَطَلَit was nullifiedذَلِكَ،that,فَحَمَلَهُso it drove himالْحَسَدُjealousyعَلَىtoالنِّفَاقِ،hypocrisy,وَإِلَّاotherwiseفَلَمْthere was notيَكُنْbeلَهُfor himقَبْلَbeforeذَلِكَthatدِينٌa religionيَدْعُوto callإِلَيْهِ،to it,وَإِنَّمَاbutكَانَwasهَذَاthisفِيinالْيَهُودِ،the Jews,فَلَمَّاso whenجَاءَcameالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetبِدِينِهِwith his religionوَقَدْand heظَهَرَتappearedبِحُسْنِهِ،with its goodness,وَنُورِهِand its lightمَالَتinclinedإِلَيْهِto it.الْقُلُوبُthe heartsلَاسِيمَاespeciallyلَمَّاwhenيَوْمَthe dayبَدْرٍ،of Badr,وَنَصْرَهُand his victoryعَلَىagainstيَهُودِthe Jewsبَنِيof BanuقَيْنُقَاعٍQaynuqaصَارَbecameمَعَهُwith himالدِّينَreligionوَالْدُّنْيَا،and the world,
So when the Prophethood came, that was nullified. Jealousy drove him to hypocrisy; otherwise, he had no religion before that to call to, but it was among the Jews. When the Prophet came with his religion, and it appeared with its goodness and light, the hearts inclined to it, especially on the day of Badr and his victory against the Jews of Banu Qaynuqa, it became with him the religion and the worldly affairs.
فَكَانَSo it wasالْمُقَتَضَىthe causeلِلْإِيمَانِfor faithفِيamongعَامَّةِthe generalالْأَنْصَارِthe Ansarقَائِمًا،standing,وَكَانَand wasكَثِيرٌmanyمِنْهُمْof themيُعَظِّمُونَgreatly respectedابْنَIbnأَبِيAbiتَعْظِيمًاrespectكَثِيرًاa lotوَيُوَالُونَهُ،and they are loyal to him,وَلَمْand did notيَكُنْbeابْنُIbnأَظْهَرَshowedمُخَالَفَةًoppositionتُوَجِّبُthat requiresالْـامْتِيَازَ،distinction,فَلَمَّاSo whenانْخَذَلَhe desertedيَوْمَthe dayأُحُدٍ،of Uhud,وَقَالَ:and said:يَدَعُhe leavesرَأْيِيmy opinionوَرَأْيَهُand his opinionوَيَأْخُذُand takesبِرَأْيِthe opinionالصِّبْيَانِ،of the children,أَوْـ أوكَمَاasقَالَ ـhe said --انْخَذَلَhe desertedمَعَهُwith himخَلْقٌcreaturesكَثِيرٌmanyمِنْهُمْof themمَنْwhoلَمْnotيُنَافِقْhypocriteقَبْلَbeforeذَلِكَ.that.
So the cause for faith among the general Ansar was standing, and many of them greatly respected Ibn Abi and were loyal to him. Ibn did not show opposition that required distinction. So when he deserted on the day of Uhud and said: "he leaves my opinion and his opinion and takes the opinion of the children" -- or as he said -- many creatures deserted with him, some of whom were not hypocrites before that.
نَصَرَهُGod supported himاللَّهُGodوَفِيAnd inالْجُمْلَةِthe summaryفَفِيthere is inالأَخْبَارِthe newsعَمَّنْof those whoنَافَقَhypocritedبَعْدَafterإِيمَانِهِhis faithمَاwhatيَطُولُis longذِكْرُهُto mention itهُنَا،here,فَأُولَئِكَso thoseكَانُواwereمُسْلِمِينَMuslimsوَكَانُواand they wereمَعَهُمْwith themإِيمَانٌfaithهُوَit isالنُّورُthe lightالَّذِيthatضَرَبَstruckاللَّهُGodبِهِwith itالْمَثَلَ،the example,فَلَوْso ifمَاتُواthey diedقَبْلَbeforeالْمِحْنَةِthe trialوَالنِّفَاقِand hypocrisyمَاتُواthey diedعَلَىonهَذَاthisالإِسْلَامِIslamالَّذِيwhichيُثَابُونَthey will be rewarded forعَلَيْهِ،on it,وَلَمْand did notيَكُونُواbeمِنَofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersحَقًّاtrulyالَّذِينَwhoامْتُحِنُواwere testedفَثَبَتُواand were steadfastعَلَىonالإِيمَانِfaithوَلَاnorمِنَofالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesحَقًّاtrulyالَّذِينَwhoارْتَدُّواrevertedعَنْfromالإِيمَانِfaithبِالْمِحْنَةِ،during trials,
God supported him. And in summary, there are in the news about those who hypocrited after their faith that is long to mention here. So those were Muslims, and they were with them a faith that is the light with which God struck the example. So if they died before the trial and hypocrisy, they died on this Islam that they would be rewarded for, and they were not of the believers truly who were tested and remained steadfast on faith nor of the hypocrites truly who reverted from faith during trials.
وَهَذَاAnd thisحَالُis the situationكَثِيرٍof manyمِنَofالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslimsفِيinزَمَانِنَاour timeوَأَكْثَرُهُمْand most of themإِذَاifابْتُلُواthey are testedبِالْمِحَنِby trialsالَّتِيthatيَتَضَعْضَعُweakenفِيهَاin themأَهْلُthe peopleالإِيمَانِof faithيَنْقُصُtheir faith diminishesإِيمَانَهُمْtheir faithكَثِيرًا،a lot,وَيُنَافِقُand they hypocriteأَكْثَرُهُمْmost of themأَوْorكَثِيرٌmanyمِنْهُمْ،of them,وَمِنْهُمْand some of themمِنَofيُظْهَرُshowsالرِّدَّةِapostasyإِذَاifكَانَthere wereالْعَدُوُّthe enemyغَالِبًا،dominant,وَقَدْand haveرَأَيْنَاseenوَرَءَand other than us sawمِنْofهَذَاthisمَاwhatفِيهِin itعِبْرَةً،a lesson,وَإِذَاand ifكَانَتْthere wereالْعَافِيَةُ،safety,أَوْorكَانَthere wereالْمُسْلِمُونَthe Muslimsظَاهِرِينَdominantعَلَىoverعَدُوِّهِمtheir enemyكَانُواthey wereمُسْلِمِينَ،Muslims,وَهُمْand they areمُؤْمِنُونَbelieversبِالرَّسُولِin the Messengerبَاطِنًاinternallyوَظَاهِرًاand externallyلَكِنَّbutإِيمَانًاfaithلَاnotيَثْبُتُstandعَلَىonالْمِحْنَةِ.the trial.
And this is the situation of many of the Muslims in our time, and most of them, when they are tested by trials that weaken the people of faith, their faith diminishes a lot, and most of them or many of them hypocrite. Some of them show apostasy if the enemy is dominant, and we have seen and others saw of this what holds a lesson. And if safety was present, or the Muslims were dominant over their enemies, they were Muslims and they are believers in the Messenger internally and externally, but their faith does not stand on the trial.