وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالَّذِيwhichيَرُوِيهِis narrated byأَبُوAbuسُلَيْمَانَSulaimanالدَّارَانِيِّthe Daraniحَدِيثٌa hadithالْوَفْدِof the delegationالَّذِينَwhoقَالُواsaid::نَحْنُ: We areالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believers,قَالَhe said: فَمَاWhat isعَلَامَةُa sign ofإِيْمَانِكُمْyour faith?قَالُواThey said,خَمْسَةٌFifteenعَشَرَةٌqualities:خَمْسَةٌFiveأَمَرَتْنَاcommanded usرُسُلُكَYour messengersأَنْtoنَعْمَلَworkبِهِنّwith them,,وَخَمْسٌAnd fiveأَمَرَتْنَاcommanded usرُسُلُكَYour messengersأَنْtoنُؤْمِنَbelieveبِهِنّin them,,وَخَمْسٌAnd fiveتَخَلَّقْنَاwe adoptedبِهَاby themفِيinالْجَاهِلِيَّةِthe days of ignoranceوَنَحْنُand we areعَلَيْهَاupon themفِيinالْإِسْلَامِIslamإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatتَكْرَهُواyou dislikeمِنْهَاfrom themشَيْئًاsomething,قَالَhe said: «فَمَاWhat isالْخَمْسُthe fiveالَّتِيthatأَمَرْتُكُمْI commanded youرُسُلِيMy messengersأَنْtoتَعْمَلُواdoبِهَا؟with it?قَالُواThey said,أَنْthatنَشْهَدَwe testifyأَنْthatلَاthere is noإِلَهَgodإِلَّاexceptاللَّهُ،Allah,وَأَنَّand thatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadرَسُولُis the messenger ofاللَّهِ،Allah,وَنُقِيمَand we establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَنُؤْتِيَand we giveالزَّكَاةَthe almsgivingوَنَصُومَand we fastرَمَضَانَ،during Ramadan,وَنَحُجَّand we perform Hajjالْبَيْتَthe pilgrimage.قَالَHe said:وَمَاAnd what isالْخَمْسُthe fiveالَّتِيthatأَمَرْتُكُمْI commanded youأَنْtoتُؤْمِنُواbelieveبِهَا؟in it?قَالُوا:They said:أَمَرَتْنَاYou commanded usأَنْtoنُؤْمِنَbelieveبِاللَّهِin Allahوَمَلَائِكَتِهِand His angelsوَكُتُبِهِand His booksوَرُسُلِهِ،and His messengers,وَالبَعْثِand the resurrectionبَعْدَafterالمَوْتِ،death,قَالَHe said:«وَمَاAnd what areالْخَمْسُthe fiveالَّتِيthatتَخَلَّقْتُمyou adoptedبِهَاby themفِيinالْجَاهِلِيَّةِthe days of ignoranceوَثَبَتُمand you retainedعَلَيْهَاupon itفِيinالْإِسْلَامِ؟Islam?قَالُوا:They said:الصَّبْرُPatienceعِندَin times ofالْبَلَاءِ،affliction,وَالشُّكْرُand gratitudeعِندَduringالرَّخَاءِprosperityوَالرِّضَاand contentmentبِمَرِّwith the decreeالْقَضَاءِ،of destiny,وَالصِّدْقُand truthfulnessفِيinمَوَاطِنَsituations ofاللِّقَاءِ،meeting,وَتَرْكُand abandoningالشَّمَاتَةِthe gloatingبِالْأَعْدَاءِ ،over the enemies,فَقَالَthe Prophet said:عُلَمَاءُScholarsحُكَمَاءُWise menكَادُواthey almostمِنْfromصِدْقِهِمtheir truthfulnessأَنْtoيَكُونُواbeأَنْبِيَاءَ».prophets.قَالَ:He said:«وَأَنَاAnd Iأَزِيدُكُمْwill add to youخَمْسَةًfiveفَتَكْمُلُواthat you completeلَكُمْfor youعِشْرُونَtwentyخَصْلَةًqualities if youكُنْتُمْare.تَقُولُونَ،Say not,فَلَاthat you shall notتَجْمَعُواcombine whatمَاthatلَاyou do notتَأْكُلُونَeatوَلَاand do notتَبْنُواbuild whatمَاthatلَاyou do notتَسْكُنُونَ،live in,وَلَاand do notتَنَافَسُواcompeteفِيforشَيْءٍsomethingأَنتُمْwhich you areعَنْهُabout itغَدًاtomorrowتَزُولُونَyou will departوَعَنْهُand from itمَنْتَقَلُونَyou will be transferredوَاتَّقُواAnd fearاللَّهَAllahالَّذِيto whomإِلَيْهِyou will return,تَرْجِعُونَ،to Him you will be presented.وَعَلَيْهِAnd upon Himتُعْرَضُونَis shown.وَارْغَبُواAnd aspireفِيْمَاto whatعَلَيْهِupon itتَقَدَّمُونَyou advanceوَفِيهِand in itتَخْلَدُونَ»you will be eternal.(۱)(1)
In the hadith narrated by Abu Sulaiman al-Darani about the delegation who said: 'We are the believers,' he said: 'What is the sign of your faith?' They said, 'Fifteen qualities: five that your messengers commanded us to practice and five that your messengers instructed us to believe in, and five we have adopted in the days of ignorance and we remain on them in Islam unless you dislike something from them.' He said, 'What are the five that your messengers commanded you to practice?' They said, 'That we testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His messenger, and we establish prayer and give zakat and fast Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the House.' He said, 'And what are the five that your messengers commanded you to believe in?' They said, 'You commanded us to believe in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers, and the resurrection after death.' He said, 'And what are the five that you adopted in the days of ignorance and retained upon them in Islam?' They said, 'Patience in times of affliction, gratitude in times of prosperity, contentment with the decree of fate, truthfulness in encounters, and refraining from gloating over enemies.' The Prophet said, 'Scholars, wise men, were nearly, from their truthfulness, to be like prophets.' He said, 'And I will add to you five more, completing for you twenty qualities, if you say so: do not combine what you do not eat, do not build what you do not live in, do not compete for something regarding which you are going to depart tomorrow and will be transferred, and fear Allah to whom you will return.'
فَقَدIndeedفَرَّقُواthey distinguishedبَيْنَbetweenالْخَمْسِthe fiveالَّتِيthatيُعْمَلُare acted uponبِهَا،with them,فَجَعَلُوهَاand made itالإِسْلَامَ،Islam,وَالْخَمْسَand the fiveالَّتِيthatيُؤْمَنُare believed inبِهَا،in them,فَجَعَلُوهَاand made itالإِيمَانَfaith.وَجَمِيعَAnd allالأَحَادِيثُthe hadithsالْمَأْثُورَةُreportedعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet ﷺتَدُلُّindicateعَلَىonمَثْلَsuch thingsهَذَا.this.كَمَاAs well
Indeed, they distinguished between the five that are practiced, making them Islam, and the five that are believed in, making them faith. And all the hadiths reported from the Prophet ﷺ indicate such things.
وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالَّذِيwhichرَوَاهُwas narrated byأَحْمَدَAhmad(۲)(2)مِنَfromحَدِيثِthe narration ofأَيُّوبَAyyubعَنْaboutأَبِيAbuقِلَابَةَQalabaعَنْaboutرَجُلٍa man(۱)(1)قُلْتُ:I said:هَذَاThisحَدِيثٌhadithمُنْكَرٌis forgedأَخْرَجَهُbrought out byأَبُوAbuنُعَيْمٍNa’imوَغَيْرِهِand others.وَفِيهِIn itعَلْقَمَةٌ‘AlqamaبْنُbinيَزِيدَYazidبْنُbinسُوَيْدٍSuwaiidعَنْaboutأَبِيهِhis fatherعَنْaboutجَدِّه.his grandfather.قَالَHe saidالذَّهَبِيُّ:al-Dhahabi:لَاNoيُعْرَفُis knownوَأَتَىand he broughtبِخَبَرٍwith a reportمُنْكَرٍ،forged,فَلَاso it is notيُحْتَجُّto be usedبِهِ»as evidence.'أَقُولُ:I say:وَكَأَنَّهُAnd it seemsيُشِيرُit refersإِلَىtoهَذَا.this.(۲)(2)لَمْI did notأَجِدْهُfind itعِندَهُwith himإِلَّاexceptمِنَfromحَدِيثِthe narration ofأَيُّوبَAyyubعَنْaboutأَبِيAbuقِلَابَةَQalabaعَنْaboutعَمْرٍو‘Amrبْنِbinعَبَسَةَ‘Abasaقَالَ:he said:قَالَA man said,يَاOرَسُولَMessengerاللَّهِof Allah.مَاWhat isالإِسْلَامُIslam ...الْحَدِيثُthe narrationدُونَwithoutقَوْلِهِhis sayingأَسْلِمْSubmitتَسْلَمْto be safeوَقَوْلِهِ:and his saying: وَلَاdo notتَغُلَّstealوَلَاand do notتَجْتَانِبُlie,وَهُمَاboth areثَابِتَانِestablishedفِيinغَيْرِother thanهَذَاthisالْحَدِيثِ،narration,وَقَدand it hasسَبَقَتِprecededالْكَلَامُthe discussionعَلَىonسَنَدِهِits chainقَرِيبًا.recently.[انظر[Seeمُسْنَدِthe Musnadالإِمَامِof Imamأَحْمَدَ،Ahmad,١٦٩٩٨،16998,وَتَقَدَّمَand it was mentionedفِيinالصَّفْحَةِthe page٨].8].
In the hadith narrated by Ahmad (2) from the narration of Ayyub about Abu Qalaba about a man (1) I said: this hadith is forged brought out by Abu Na’im and others. In it there is ‘Alqama ibn Yazid ibn Suwaiid about his father about his grandfather. Al-Dhahabi said: it is not known and he brought a forged report, so it is not to be used as evidence.' I say: it seems to refer to this. (2) I did not find it with him except from the narration of Ayyub about Abu Qalaba about ‘Amr bin ‘Abasa who said: A man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam...'. The hadith continues without his saying: 'Submit and you will be safe', and his saying: 'Do not steal, do not lie,' both are established in other than this narration, and the discussion on its chain has preceded recently. [See the Musnad of Imam Ahmad 16998, and previously mentioned on page 8].