kitab al iman

وَإِلَّاOtherwiseلَوْifنَفَوْاthey deniedمُطْلَقَthe absoluteالِاسْمِnameوَأَثْبَتُواand they affirmedمَعَهُwith itشَيْئًاsomethingمِنَofالإِيمَانِfaithيَخْرُجُwhich removesبِهِwith itمِنَfromالنَّارِthe fire. لَمْThen they would notيَكُونُواbeمُبْتَدِعَةًinnovators،,وَكُلُّAnd allأَهْلِthe people ofالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahمُتَّفِقُونَare in agreementعَلَىonأَنَّهُthat itقَدْhasسُلِبَtaken awayكَمَالَthe completenessالإِيمَانِof faithالْوَاجِبِrequired، فَزَالَ, thus someبَعْضٍofإِيمَانِهhis faithالْوَاجِبِrequiredلَكِنَّhoweverهُوَheمِنَis fromأَهْلِthe people ofالْوَعِيدِthreat of punishmentوَإِنَّمَاand it is onlyيُنَازِعُis disputedفِيinذَٰلِكَthatمِنْbyيَقُولُthose who sayالإِيمَانُfaithلَاdoes notيَتَبَعَضُdivideمِنَofالْجَهْمِيَّةِthe Jahmiyyahوَالْمُرْجِئَةِand the Murji'ahفَيَقُولُونَand they say: إِنَّهُ: that itكَامِلٌis completeالإِيمَانُfaith، فَالَّذِي, the oneيُنْفِيwho deniesإِطْلاَقَthe application ofالِاسْمِthe nameيَقُولُsays: الِاسْمُ: the nameالْمُطْلَقُthe absoluteمُقَرُونٌis coupledبِالْمَدْحِwith praiseوَاسْتِحْقَاقِand deservingالثَّوَابِof reward، كَقَوْلِنَا, such as our saying: مُتَّقٍ: piousوَبِرٍّ, and virtuous، وَعَلَى, and onالصِّرَاطِthe straightالمُسْتَقِيمِpath، فَإِذَا, so ifكَانَwasالْفَاسِقُthe sinfulلَاdoes notتُطْلَقُis appliedعَلَيْهِto himهَذِهِtheseالْأَسْمَاءُnames، فَكَذَلِكَ, then likewiseاسْمُthe nameالإِيمَانِof faith، وَأَمَّا, and as forدُخُولِهِhis inclusionفِيinالْخِطَابِthe address، فَلِأَنَّ, it is becauseالْمُخَاطَبَthe one addressedبِالِاسْمِby the nameالإِيمَانِof faithكُلُّeveryoneمَنْwho hasمَعَهُwith himشَيْءٌsomethingمِنْهُof it، لِأَنَّهُ, because itأَمْرٌis a commandلَهُمْfor them، فَمَعَاصِيَهُمْ, and their sinsلَاdo notتَسْقُطُnegateعَنْهُمْthemالأَمْرُthe command. وَأَمَّا. And as forمَاwhatذَكَرَهُhe mentionedأَحْمَدُAhmadفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslamفَاتَّبَعَhe followedفِيهِin itالزُّهْرِيَّthe Thawriحَيْثُwhereقَالَhe said: فَكَانُوا: so they used toيَرَوْنَseeالإِسْلَامَIslamالْكَلِمَةَthe word، وَالْإِيمَانَ, and faithالْعَمَلَthe actionفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithسَعْدِof Sa'dابْنِbinأَبِيAbuوَقَاصٍWaqqas، وَهَذَاAnd thisعَلَىis onوَجْهَيْنِtwo aspectsفَإِنَّهُfor itقَدْmightيُرَادُbe meantبِهِby itالْكَلِمَةَthe wordبِتَوَابِعِهَاwith its implicationsمِنَofالْأَعْمَالِthe actionsالظَّاهِرَةِthe apparent، وَهَذَاand thisهُوَisالإِسْلَامُIslamالَّذِيthatبَيَّنَهُhe explainedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetصَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَpeace be upon himحَيْثُwhereقَالَhe said: الإِسْلَامُ: Islamأَنْis toتَشْهَدَbear witnessأَنْthatلَاthere is noإِلَٰهَgodإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَAllah، وَأَنْ, and thatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadرَسُولُis the Messengerاللَّهِof Allah، وَتُقِيمَ, and to establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayer, وَتُؤْتِيَ, and to giveالزَّكَاةَthe charity, وَتَصُومَ, and to fastرَمَضَانَRamadan, وَتَحُجَّ, and to perform pilgrimageالْبَيْتَto the House(۱)(1)وَقَدْAnd it is possibleيُرَادُbe meantبِهِby itالْكَلِمَةَthe wordفَقَطُonlyمِنْwithoutغَيْرِother thanفِعْلٍthe actionsالْوَاجِبَاتِthe obligatoryالظَّاهِرَةِapparent، وَلَيْسَ, and it is notهَذَاthisهُوَisالَّذِيthatجَعَلَهُmade itالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetوَالإِسْلَامُand Islam، لَكِنَّ, butقَدْit may be saidيُقَالُthatإِسْلَامُthe Islamالأَعْرَابِof the Bedouinsكَانَwasمِنْofهَذَاthis، فَيُقَالُand it can be said: الأَعْرَابُ: the Bedouinsوَغَيْرُهُمْand othersكَانُواthey wereإِذَاifأَسْلَمُواthey embraced Islamعَلَىduringعَهْدِthe time ofالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetصَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَpeace be upon himأُلْزِمُواwere obligatedبِالْأَعْمَالِto the actionsالظَّاهِرَةِapparent: الصَّلَاةَ: prayerوَالزَّكَاةَ, and charityوَالصِّيَامَ, and fastingوَالْحَجَّ, and pilgrimage، وَلَمْ, and noneيَكُنْwasأَحَدٌanyoneيَتْرُكُto leaveبِمُجَرَّدِmerelyالْكَلِمَةِthe word، بَلْ, butكَانَwasمِنْofأَظْهَرِthe most prominentالْمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceيُعَاقَبُwould be punishedعَلَيْهَاfor it، وَأَحْمَدُ, and Ahmadإِنْifكَانَhe wantedأَرَادَto sayفِيinهَذِهِthisالرِّوَايَةِnarrationأَنْthatالإِسْلَامَIslamهُوَisالشَّهَادَتَانِthe two testimoniesفَقَطُonly، فَكُلُّ, then everyمَن قَالَهَاwho says itفَهُوَisمُسْلِمٌa Muslim، فَهَذِهِ, then thisإِحْدَىis one ofالرِّوَايَاتِthe narrationsعَنْهُabout him، وَالرِّوَايَةُ, and the narrationالْأُخْرَىthe other: لَا: does notيَكُونَbeمُسْلِمًاa Muslimحَتَّىuntilيَأْتِيَhe performsبِهَاitوَيُصَلِّيَand prays، فَإِذَا, so ifلَمْhe did notيُصَلِّprayكَانَhe isكَافِرًاa disbelieverوَالثَّالِثَةُ, and the third: أَنَّهُ: that heكَافِرٌis a disbelieverبِتَرْكِfor leavingالزَّكَاةِthe charityأَيْضًاalso، وَالرَّابِعَةُ, and the fourth: أَنَّهُ: that heيَكْفُرُdoes disbelieveبِتَرْكِfor leavingالزَّكَاةِthe charityإِذَاifقَاتَلَhe fightsالإِمَامَthe Imamعَلَيْهَاfor itدُونَother thanمَاwhatإِذَاifلَمْhe did notيُقَاتِلْهُfight himوَعَنْهُand about himأَنَّهُthat heلَوْifقَالَhe said: أَنَا: Iأُؤَدِّيَهَاwill perform itوَلَاand notأَدْفَعَهَاgive itإِلَىtoالإِمَامِthe Imam، لَمْthere is noيَكُنْbeلِلإِمَامِfor the Imamأَنْtoيَقْتُلَهُkill him، وَكَذَلِكَ, and likewiseعَنْهُfor himرِوَايَةٌa narrationأَنَّهُthat heيَكْفُرُdisbelieves

وَأَمَّاAs forمَاwhatذَكَرَهُhe mentionedأَحْمَدُAhmadفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslamفَاتَّبَعَhe followedفِيهِin itالزُّهْرِيَّthe Thawriحَيْثُwhereقَالَhe said: فَكَانُوا: so they used toيَرَوْنَseeالإِسْلَامَIslamالْكَلِمَةَthe word، وَالْإِيمَانَ, and faithالْعَمَلَthe actionفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithسَعْدِof Sa'dابْنِbinأَبِيAbuوَقَاصٍWaqqas، وَهَذَاAnd thisعَلَىis onوَجْهَيْنِtwo aspectsفَإِنَّهُfor itقَدْmightيُرَادُbe meantبِهِby itالْكَلِمَةَthe wordبِتَوَابِعِهَاwith its implicationsمِنَofالْأَعْمَالِthe actionsالظَّاهِرَةِthe apparent، وَهَذَاand thisهُوَisالإِسْلَامُIslamالَّذِيthatبَيَّنَهُhe explainedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetصَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَpeace be upon himحَيْثُwhereقَالَhe said: الإِسْلَامُ: Islamأَنْis toتَشْهَدَbear witnessأَنْthatلَاthere is noإِلَٰهَgodإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَAllah، وَأَنْ, and thatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadرَسُولُis the Messengerاللَّهِof Allah، وَتُقِيمَ, and to establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayer, وَتُؤْتِيَ, and to giveالزَّكَاةَthe charity, وَتَصُومَ, and to fastرَمَضَانَRamadan, وَتَحُجَّ, and to perform pilgrimageالْبَيْتَto the House(۱)(1)وَقَدْAnd it is possibleيُرَادُbe meantبِهِby itالْكَلِمَةَthe wordفَقَطُonlyمِنْwithoutغَيْرِother thanفِعْلٍthe actionsالْوَاجِبَاتِthe obligatoryالظَّاهِرَةِapparent، وَلَيْسَ, and it is notهَذَاthisهُوَisالَّذِيthatجَعَلَهُmade itالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetوَالإِسْلَامُand Islam، لَكِنَّ, butقَدْit may be saidيُقَالُthatإِسْلَامُthe Islamالأَعْرَابِof the Bedouinsكَانَwasمِنْofهَذَاthis، فَيُقَالُand it can be said: الأَعْرَابُ: the Bedouinsوَغَيْرُهُمْand othersكَانُواthey wereإِذَاifأَسْلَمُواthey embraced Islamعَلَىduringعَهْدِthe time ofالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetصَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَpeace be upon himأُلْزِمُواwere obligatedبِالْأَعْمَالِto the actionsالظَّاهِرَةِapparent: الصَّلَاةَ: prayerوَالزَّكَاةَ, and charityوَالصِّيَامَ, and fastingوَالْحَجَّ, and pilgrimage، وَلَمْ, and noneيَكُنْwasأَحَدٌanyoneيَتْرُكُto leaveبِمُجَرَّدِmerelyالْكَلِمَةِthe word، بَلْ, butكَانَwasمِنْofأَظْهَرِthe most prominentالْمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceيُعَاقَبُwould be punishedعَلَيْهَاfor it، وَأَحْمَدُ, and Ahmadإِنْifكَانَhe wantedأَرَادَto sayفِيinهَذِهِthisالرِّوَايَةِnarrationأَنْthatالإِسْلَامَIslamهُوَisالشَّهَادَتَانِthe two testimoniesفَقَطُonly، فَكُلُّ, then everyمَن قَالَهَاwho says itفَهُوَisمُسْلِمٌa Muslim، فَهَذِهِ, then thisإِحْدَىis one ofالرِّوَايَاتِthe narrationsعَنْهُabout him، وَالرِّوَايَةُ, and the narrationالْأُخْرَىthe other: لَا: does notيَكُونَbeمُسْلِمًاa Muslimحَتَّىuntilيَأْتِيَhe performsبِهَاitوَيُصَلِّيَand prays، فَإِذَا, so ifلَمْhe did notيُصَلِّprayكَانَhe isكَافِرًاa disbelieverوَالثَّالِثَةُ, and the third: أَنَّهُ: that heكَافِرٌis a disbelieverبِتَرْكِfor leavingالزَّكَاةِthe charityأَيْضًاalso، وَالرَّابِعَةُ, and the fourth: أَنَّهُ: that heيَكْفُرُdoes disbelieveبِتَرْكِfor leavingالزَّكَاةِthe charityإِذَاifقَاتَلَhe fightsالإِمَامَthe Imamعَلَيْهَاfor itدُونَother thanمَاwhatإِذَاifلَمْhe did notيُقَاتِلْهُfight himوَعَنْهُand about himأَنَّهُthat heلَوْifقَالَhe said: أَنَا: Iأُؤَدِّيَهَاwill perform itوَلَاand notأَدْفَعَهَاgive itإِلَىtoالإِمَامِthe Imam، لَمْthere is noيَكُنْbeلِلإِمَامِfor the Imamأَنْtoيَقْتُلَهُkill him، وَكَذَلِكَ, and likewiseعَنْهُfor himرِوَايَةٌa narrationأَنَّهُthat heيَكْفُرُdisbelieves