عَنِAboutسَعْدٍSa'dبْنِbinأَبِيAbuوَقَّاصٍ،Waqas,قَالَ:he said:أَعْطَىhe gaveالنَّبِيِّthe ProphetﷺPBUHرَهْطًا،a group,وَفِيand inرِوَايَةٍ:the narration:قَسَمَhe dividedقِسْمًا،the division,وَتَرَكَand leftفِيهِمْamong themمِنْsomeلَمْnotيُعْطِهْ،give him,وَهُوَand he isأَعْجَبُهُمْthe most liked by themإِلَيَّ،to me,فَقُلْتُ:so I said:يَاOرَسُولَMessengerاللَّهِ!of Allah!مَاWhatلَكَis with youعَنْaboutفُلَانٍ؟such-and-such?فَوَاللَّهِBy Allah,إِنِّيI indeedلَأَرَاهُsee himمُؤْمِنًا،a believer,فَقَالَhe saidرَسُولُthe Messengerاللَّهِof Allahﷺ:PBUH:«أَوْOrمُسْلِمًاa MuslimأَقُولُهَاI say itثَلاثًا،three times,وَيُرَدِّدُهَاand he repeated itإِلَيَّto meرَسُولُthe MessengerﷺPBUHثَلاثًا،three times,ثُمَّthenقَالَ:he said:«إِنِّيIndeed IلَأُعْطِيَنَّI giveالرَّجُلَ،the man,وَغَيْرَهُand anotherأُحِبُّI loveإِلَيْهِmore to himمِنْهُ،than him,مَخَافَةَfearingأَنْthatيُكَبِّهُهُhe may be thrownاللَّهُAllahعَلَىuponوَجْهِهِhis faceفِيinالنَّارِ،the fire,وَفِيand inرِوَايَةٍ:the narration:فَضَرَبَhe struckبِيَدِهِwith his handبَيْنَbetweenعُنُقِيmy neckوَكَتِفِي،and my shoulder,وَقَالَ:and he said:«أَتَقْتَلَانِWill you kill?أَيُّWhichسَعْدٍ؟».Sa'd?
Regarding Sa'd bin Abi Waqas, he said: The Prophet PBUH gave a group, and in another narration, he divided a division, and left among them one whom he did not give, whom I liked the most. I said, O Messenger of Allah! What do you have against such-and-such? By Allah, I see him as a believer. The Messenger of Allah PBUH said: 'Or a Muslim? I say it three times, and he repeated it to me three times, then he said: 'Indeed I give a man, and another whom I love more than him, fearing that Allah may throw him on his face into the fire,' and in another narration: he struck with his hand between my neck and my shoulder, and said: 'Will you kill, Sa'd?'
فَهَذَاSo thisالإِسْلَامُIslamالَّذِيthatنَفَىdeniedاللَّهُAllahعَنْaboutأَهْلِهِits peopleدُخُولَthe enteringالإِيمَانِof faithفِيinقُلُوبِهِمْ،their hearts,هَلis itهُوَitإِسْلَامٌIslamيُثَابُونَrewardedعَلَيْهِ؟for it?أَمْOrهُوَis itمِنْfromجِنْسِthe typeإِسْلَامِof Islamالمُنَافِقِينَ؟of the hypocrites?فِيهِIn itقَوْلَانِthere are two sayingsمَشْهُورَانِfamousلِلْسَّلَفِfor the predecessorsوَالخَلَفِand successorsأَحَدُهُمَاOne of themأَنَّهُis that itإِسْلَامٌis Islamيُثَابُونَrewardedعَلَيْهِ،for it,وَيُخْرِجُهُمْand it brings them outمِنَfromالكُفْرِdisbeliefوَالنِّفَاقِ،and hypocrisy,وَهَذَاand thisمَرْوِيٌّis narratedعَنْfromالحَسَنِAl-Hasanوَابْنِand IbnسِيرِينَSirynوَإِبْرَاهِيمَand Ibrahimالنَّخَعِيِّ،Al-Nakhi,وَأَبِيand AbuجَعْفَرٍJa'farالْبَاقِرِ،the Baqir,وَهُوَand he isقَوْلُthe sayingحَمَّادٍHamadبِنِbinزَيْدٍZaidوَأَحْمَدَand Ahmadبِنِbinحَنْبَلٍ،Hanbal,وَسَهْلٍand SahlبِنِbinعَبْدِAbdاللَّهِAllahالتُّسْتَرِيِّ،Al-Tustari,وَأَبِيand AbuطَالِبٍTalibالمَكِّيِّAl-Makkiوَكَثِيرٍand manyمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالحَدِيثِhadithوَالسُّنَّةِand Sunnahوَالحَقَائِقِ.and truths.
So this Islam which Allah has denied about its people the entrance of faith in their hearts, is it an Islam that they are rewarded for? Or is it from the type of Islam of the hypocrites? There are two famous sayings among the predecessors and successors, one of which is that it is Islam for which they are rewarded, and it brings them out from disbelief and hypocrisy. This is narrated from Al-Hasan and Ibn Siryn and Ibrahim Al-Nakhi, and Abu Ja'far Al-Baqir. It is also the saying of Hamad bin Zaid, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Sahl bin Abd Allah Al-Tustari, and Abu Talib Al-Makki and many of the people of hadith and Sunnah and truths.
وَقَالَAnd he saidأَحْمَدُAhmadبِنَbinحَنْبَلٍ:Hanbal:حَدَّثَنَاHe narrated to usمُؤَمَّلٍMoummalبِنِbinإِسْحَاقَIshaqبِنِbinعَمَّارٍAmarبِنِbinزَيْدٍZaidقَالَ:he said:سَمِعْتُI heardهِشَامًاHishamيَقُولُ:saying:كَانَwasالحَسَنُAl-Hasanوَمُحَمَّدٌand Muhammadيَقُولَانِ:،saying:مُسْلِمٌMuslimوَيَهَابَانِand they feared (to say)(مُؤْمِنٌ(believerأَحْمَدُAhmadبِنَbinحَنْبَلٍ:Hanbal:حَدَّثَنَاHe narrated to usأَبُوAbuسَلَمَةَSalmaالْخُزَاعِيِّAl-Khuza'iقَالَ:he said:قَالَsaidمَالِكٌ،Malik,وَشَرِيكٌ،and Sharik,وَأَبُوand AbuبَكْرٍBakrابْنِbinعَيَّاشٍUyayasوَعَبْدِand AbdالْعَزِيزِAl-AzizبِنِbinأَبِيAbuسَلَمَةَ،Salma,وَحَمَّادَand Hamadبِنِbinسَلَمَةَ،Salma,وَحَمَّادَand Hamadبِنِbinزَيْدٍ:Zaid:الإِيمَانُFaithالمَعْرِفَةُis knowledgeوَالإِقْرَارُand acknowledgmentوَالْعَمَلُ،and action,إِلَّاexceptأَنْthatحَمَّادٌHamadبِنِbinزَيْدٍZaidيُفَرِّقُdifferentiatesبَيْنَbetweenالإِسْلَامِIslamوَالْإِيمَانِ،and faith,يَجْعَلُmakesالإِيمَانَfaithخَاصًّا،specific,وَالْإِسْلَامَand Islamعَامًّاgeneral
And Ahmad bin Hanbal said: Mousa narrated to us through Moummal bin Ishaq bin Amar bin Zaid, he said: I heard Hisham saying: Al-Hasan and Muhammad used to say: they would say Muslim and feared to say 'believer.' Ahmad bin Hanbal then narrated: Abu Salama Al-Khuza'i said: Malik, Sharik, and Abu Bakr bin Uyayas, and Abd Al-Aziz bin Abu Salama, and Hamad bin Salama, and Hamad bin Zaid said: Faith is knowledge, acknowledgment, and action, except that Hamad bin Zaid differentiates between Islam and faith, making faith specific and Islam general.
وَالْقَوْلُAnd the second sayingالثَّانِي:is:أَنْthatهَذَاthisالإِسْلَامُIslamهُوَisالِاسْتِسْلَامُthe submissionخَوْفَfearingالسَّبِيِّcaptivityوَالْقَتْلِ،and killing,مِثْلَlikeإِسْلَامِthe Islamالمُنَافِقِينَ،of the hypocrites,قَالَ:he said:وَهَؤُلَاءِand theseكُفَّارٌ،are disbelievers,فَإِنَّfor indeedالإِيمَانَthe faithلَمْhas notيَدْخُلْenteredفِيintoقُلُوبِهِمْ،their hearts,وَمَنْand whoeverلَمْhas notيَدْخُلْenteredالإِيمَانُfaithفِيintoقَلْبِهِhis heartفَهُوَhe isكَافِرٌ،a disbeliever,وَهَذَاand thisاخْتِيَارٌis the choice ofالْبُخَارِيِّAl-Bukhariوَمُحَمَّدٍand MuhammadبِنِbinنَصْرٍNassrالمَّرُوزِيِّ،Al-Mawzi,وَالسَّلَفُand the predecessorsمُخْتَلِفُونَdisagreedفِيinذَلِكَ.that.
And the second saying is that this Islam is the submission out of fear of captivity and killing, like the Islam of the hypocrites, he said: and these are disbelievers, for indeed faith has not entered into their hearts, and whoever has not entered faith in his heart is a disbeliever. This is the choice of Al-Bukhari and Muhammad bin Nasser Al-Mawzi, and the predecessors disagreed in that.
(١)(1)أَيْThat isوَيَهَابَانِand they fearedأَنْto sayيَقُولا:it is a believer.هُوَhe isمُؤْمِنٌ.a believer.(٢)(2)وَعَلَىAnd onهَامِشِthe marginالنُّسْخَةِof the editionالهِنْدِيَّةِ:the Indian:يَجْعَلُmakesالإِسْلَامَIslamخَاصًّا،specific,وَالْإِيمَانَand faithعَامًّا.general.
(1) This means and they feared to say: it is a believer. (2) And on the margin of the Indian edition: it makes Islam specific and faith general.