مَيْثَاقَهُم،Their covenant,وَإِنَّمَاand indeedأَخَذَtookمَيْثَاقَthe covenantالمُؤْمِنِينَof the believersبِبَيْعَتِهِمwith their allegianceلَهُto himفَإِنَّfor indeedكُلَّeveryمَنْone whoكَانَwasمُسْلِمًاa Muslimمُهَاجِرًا،a migrant,كَانَwould
Their covenant is indeed taken from the believers through their allegiance to him, for every one who was a Muslim migrant, would pledge allegiance to the Prophet.
كَمَاAsبَايَعَهُhe pledged allegiance to himالْأَنسَارthe Ansar (the helpers)لَيْلَةَon the nightالْعَقَبَةِof Aqabah.
As the Ansar pledged allegiance to him on the night of Aqabah.
وَإِنَّمَاAnd indeedدَعَاهُمhe called themإِلَىtoتَحْقِيقِfulfillmentالإِيمَانِof faithوَتَكْمِيلِهِand its completionبِأَدَاءِby performingمَاwhatيَجِبُis requiredعَمَلُهُto be doneمِنofتَمَامِهِits completenessبَاطِنًاinternallyوَظَاهِرًا،and externally,كَمَاasنَسْأَلُwe askاللَّهَAllahأَنْtoيَهْدِينَاguide usالصِّرَاطَthe straight pathالمُسْتَقِيمَthe straight.
And indeed he called them to fulfill their faith and complete it by performing what is required for its completeness, both internally and externally, as we ask Allah to guide us to the straight path.
وَإِنAnd ifكَانَhe hadقَدalreadyهَدَىguidedالمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersلِلْإِقْرَارِto acknowledgeبِمَاwhatجَاءَcameبِهِwith itالرَّسُولُthe Messengerجُمْلَةً،in general,لَكِنَّbutالهِدَايَةَthe guidanceالمُفَصَّلَةَdetailedفِيinجَمِيعِallمَاthat whichيَقُولُونَهُthey sayوَيَفْعَلُونَهُand they doفِيinجَمِيعِallأُمُورِهِم،their matters,لَمdid notتَحْصُلattain.
And if he had already guided the believers to acknowledge what the Messenger came with in general, but the detailed guidance in everything they say and do in all their matters did not attain.
وَجَمِيعَAnd allهَذِهِof thisالهِدَايَةِguidanceالمُفَصَّلَةِdetailedالْخَاصَّةِspecificهِيَisمِنfromالإِيمَانِfaithالمَأْمُورِthat is commandedبِهِ،to be,اللَّهُAllahوَبِذَلِكَand thusيُخْرِجُهُمْhe brings them outمِنfromالظُّلُمَاتِthe darknessإِلَىtoالنُّورِ.the light.
And all of this specific detailed guidance is from the commanded faith, and thus Allah brings them out from darkness into light.
فَصْلٌSectionوَزِيَادَةٌAnd the increaseالإِيمَانِof faithالَّذِيwhichأَمَرَcommandedاللَّهُ،Allah,بِهِin itوَالَّذِيand that whichيَكُونُisمِنfromعِبَادِهِHis servantsالمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersيَعْرِفُis knownمِنbyوُجُوهٍ :ways:
Section: And the increase of the faith that Allah commanded is known among His believing servants by different ways:
أَحَدُهَا:One of them:الإِجْمَالُthe generalityوَالتَّفْصِيلُand the detailingفِيinمَاwhatأُمِرُواthey were commandedبِهِwith it.فَإِنَّهُFor indeedوَإِنand ifوَجَبَit is obligatoryعَلَىonجَمِيعِallالْخَلْقِcreationالإِيمَانُthe faithبِاللَّهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerوَجَبَit is obligatoryعَلَىonكُلِّeveryأُمَّةٍnationالزَّامَobligationمَاwhatيَأْمُرُtheir Messenger commandsبِهِwith itرَسُولَهُمtheir Messengerمُجْمَلًا،in summary,فَمَعْلُومٌit is knownأَنَّهُthatلَاnotيَجِبُobligatoryفِيinأَوَّلِthe beginningالْأَمْرِmattersمَاthat whichوَجَبَwas obligatoryبَعْدَafterنُزُولِthe revelationالْقُرْآنِof the Quranكُلِّهِ،entirely,وَلَاand notيَجِبُis obligatoryعَلَىonكُلِّeveryعَبْدٍservantمِنofالإِيمَانِthe faithالمُفَصَّلِdetailedمِمَّاof whatأُخْبِرَthe Messenger informedبِهِwith itالرَّسُولُthe Messengerمَاwhatيَجِبُis requiredعَلَىonمَنْone whoبَلَغَهُhas reached himغَيْرُهُ،others,
One of them: The generality and detailing in what they were commanded. For indeed, it is obligatory upon all creation to believe in Allah and His Messenger, and it is obligatory on every nation to fulfill what their Messenger commands in summary, but it is known that not everything that was obligatory at the beginning became so after the entire Quran was revealed, nor is it obligatory for every servant to have the same level of detailed faith as what was informed by the Messenger to one who had reached him from others.
فَمَنْSo whoeverعَرَفَknowsالْقُرْآنَthe Quranوَالسُّنَّةَand the Sunnahوَمَعَانِيهَاand their meaningsلَزِمَهُis obligatedمِنto theالإِيمَانِfaithالمُفَصَّلِdetailedبِذَلِكَby thatمَاwhatلَاnotيَلْزَمُobligatedغَيْرَهُ،others,وَلَوْeven ifآمَنَhe believesالرَّجُلُthe manبِاللَّهِin Allahوَبِالرَّسُولِand in the Messengerبَاطِنًا،internally,وَظَاهِرًا.and externally.ثُمَّThenمَاتَhe diesقَبْلَbeforeأَنْhe knowsشَرَائِعَthe lawsالدِّينِof the religionمَاتَhe diesمُؤْمِنًاas a believerبِمَاin whatوَجَبَis obligatoryعَلَيْهِupon himمِنofالإِيمَانِthe faithوَلَيْسَand notمَاwhatوَجَبَwas obligatoryعَلَيْهِupon himوَلَاnorمَاwhatوَقَعَoccurredعَنْهُfrom himمَثَلُlikeإِيمَانِthe faithمَنْof the one whoعَرَفَknowsالشَّرَائِعَthe lawsفَآمَنَand believesبِهَاin themوَعَمَلَand actsبِهَا،by them,بَلْratherإِيمَانٌthe faithهَذَاthisأَكْمَلُmore completeوَاجِبًاin obligationوَوُقُوعًا،and occurrence,فَإِنَّfor indeedمَاwhatوَجَبَis obligatoryعَلَيْهِupon himمِنofالإِيمَانِthe faithأَكْمَلُ،is more complete,وَمَاand whatوَقَعَoccursمِنْهُfrom himأَكْمَلُ.is more complete.
So whoever knows the Quran and the Sunnah and their meanings is obligated to a level of detailed faith that others are not. Even if a man believes in Allah and the Messenger both internally and externally, then dies before he knows the laws of the religion, he dies as a believer in what was obligatory upon him in faith, and what was obligatory upon him and what occurred from him is not like the faith of one who knows the laws and believes in them and acts by them, rather the faith of this person is more complete in obligation and occurrence, for indeed what is obligatory upon him of faith is more complete, and what occurs from him is more complete.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingتَعَالَى :the Exalted:(الْيَوْمَ"TodayأَكْمَلْتُI have completedلَكُمْfor youدِينَكُمْyour religion.[المَائِدَة:[Al-Ma'idah: 3]))
And His saying, the Exalted: "Today I have completed for you your religion." [Al-Ma'idah: 3]
أَيMeaningفِيinالتَّشْرِيعِthe legislationبِالْأَمْرِwith commandوَالنَّهْي،and prohibition,
Meaning in the legislation with command and prohibition,
لَيْسَnotالْمُرَادُintendedأَنْthatكُلَّeveryoneوَاحِدٌindividualمِنofالأُمَّةِthe Ummahوَجَبَit is obligatoryعَلَيْهِon himمَاwhatيَجِبُis obligatedعَلَىonسَائِرِthe restالأُمَّةِ،of the Ummah,وَأَنَّهُand that he
It is not intended that it is obligatory on every individual of the Ummah what is obligatory on the rest of the Ummah, and that he.
فَعَلَdidذَلِكَthatبَلratherفِيinالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe authentic booksعَنfromالنَّبِيِّ،the Prophet,أَنَّهُthat heوَصَفَdescribedالنِّسَاءَthe womenبِأَنَّهُنَّas beingنَاقِصَاتٌdeficientعَقْلٍin mindوَدِينٍ،and religion,
Rather, in the authentic books from the Prophet, that he described the women as being deficient in both mind and religion,
وَجَعَلَand madeنُقْصَانَthe deficiencyعَقْلِهَاof her mindأَنْthatشَهَادَةَthe testimonyامْرَأَتَيْنِ،of two women,شَهَادَةَthe testimonyرَجُلٍof a man.وَاحِدٍ،one,
And made the deficiency of her mind that the testimony of two women equals the testimony of one man.
وَنُقْصَانُAnd the deficiencyدِينِهَاof her religionأَنْهَاis that sheإِذَاifحَاضَتْshe menstruatesلَاshe does notتَصُومُfastوَلَاand does notتُصَلِّي،pray,وَهَذَاand thisالنُّقْصَانُdeficiencyلَيْسَis not
And the deficiency of her religion is that if she menstruates, she does not fast and does not pray, and this deficiency is not.