النِّفَاقُ،Hypocrisy,لَهُ:to him:هَذَاthisكَانَwasفِيinأَوَّلِthe firstالأَمْرِ،matter,وَبَعْدَand afterهَذَاthisأَنْزَلَrevealedاللَّهُGod:(مَلْعُونِينَ(Cursedأَيْنَمَاwhereverتُقِفُواyou standأَخِذُواbe takenوَقُتِلُواand killedتَفْتِيلًا)(in detail).
Hypocrisy, to him: this was in the first matter, and after this, God revealed: (Cursed wherever you stand, be taken and killed in detail).
فَعَلِمُواSo they knewأَنَّهُمْthat theyإِنifأَظْهَرُوهُthey showed itكَمَاasكَانُواthey wereيُظْهِرُونَهُshowing itقُتِلُوا،they would be killed,فَكَتَمُوهُ.so they concealed it.
So they knew that if they showed it as they were showing it, they would be killed, so they concealed it.
وَالنَّزْدِيقُAnd the zindiq:هُوَisالمُنَافِقُ،the hypocrite,وَإِنَّمَاand he onlyيَقْتُلُهُkills himمَنْwhoيَقْتُلُهُkills himإِذَاifظَهَرَhe appearsمِنْهُfrom himأَنَّهُthat heيَكْتُمُconceals.
And the zindiq: he is the hypocrite, and he is only killed by whoever kills him if it appears from him that he conceals.
قَالُواThey saidوَلَاand notتَعْلَمْ، تَوْبَتَهُ(you) know, his repentanceلِأَنَّbecauseغَايَةَthe ultimate limitمَاwhatعِندَهُhe hasأَنَّهُthat heيُظْهِرَshowsمَاwhatكَانَwasيُظْهِرُshowingوَقَدْandكَانَwasيُظْهِرُshowingالإِيمَانَthe faithوَهُوَand he isمُنَافِقٌ،a hypocrite,وَلَوْand ifقُبِلَتْacceptedتَوْبَةُthe repentanceالزَّنَادِقَةِof the zindiqsلَمْthere would be noيَكُنْwayسَبِيلٌtoإِلَىtheir killing,وَالْقُرْآنُand the Qur'anقَدْhasتَوَعَّدَهُمْthreatened themبِالتَّقْتِيلِ.with killing.
They said and do not (you) know, his repentance because the ultimate limit what he has is that he shows what he was showing, and he was showing the faith and he is a hypocrite, and if the repentance of the zindiqs were accepted, there would be no way to their killing, and the Qur'an has threatened them with killing.
وَالْمَقْصُودُAnd the aimأَنْis thatالنَّبِيَّthe Prophet ﷺ ﷺإِنَّمَاonlyأَخْبَرَinformedعَنْaboutتِلْكَthatالأُمَّةَnationبِالْإِيمَانِwith faithالظَّاهِرِthe apparentالَّذِيwhichعُلِّقَتْwas linkedبِهِto itالأَحْكَامُthe rulingsالظَّاهِرَةِ،the apparent,وَإِلَّاand otherwiseفَقَدْthen it hasثَبَتَbeen establishedعَنْهُfrom himأَنَّthatسَعْدًاSa'adلَمَّاwhenشَهِدَhe testifiedلِرَجُلٍfor a manأَنَّهُthat heمُؤْمِنٌis a believerقَالَ:he said:أَوْorمُسْلِمٌ.Muslim.
And the aim is that the Prophet ﷺ only informed about that nation with the apparent faith which the apparent rulings were linked to it, and otherwise it has been established from him that when Sa'ad testified for a man that he is a believer, he said: or Muslim.
وَكَانَAnd he wasيُظْهِرُshowingمِنَfromالإِيمَانِthe faithمَاwhatتُظْهِرُهُinterest in showing itالأُمَّةُthe nationوَزِيَادَةً،and more,فَيَجِبُit is requiredأَنْthatيُفَرَّقَthere is a distinctionبَيْنَbetweenأَحْكَامِthe rulingsالمُؤْمِنِينَof the believersالظَّاهِرَةِthe apparentالَّتِيwhichيُحْكَمُare judgedفِيهَاin itالنَّاسُthe peopleفِيinالدُّنْيَا،the worldly life,وَبَيْنَand betweenحُكْمِهِمtheir rulingفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafterبِالثَّوَابِwith rewardsوَالْعِقَابِ،and punishment,فَالْمُؤْمِنُfor the believerالْمُسْتَحِقُّdeservingلِلْجَنَّةِof Paradiseلَاmust notبِدbeأَنْthatيَكُونَhe isمُؤْمِنًاa believerفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe hiddenبِاتِّفَاقِby agreementجَمِيعِallأَهْلِthe people ofالْقِبْلَةِ،the qibla,حَتَّىevenالْكَرَامِيَّةِthe Karamiyaالَّذِينَwhoيُسَمُّونَthey callالْمُنَافِقَthe hypocriteمُؤْمِنًاa believerوَيَقُولُونَ:and they say:الْإِيمَانُthe faithهُوَisالكَلِمَةُ،the word,يَقُولُونَthey say:إِنَّهُthat itلَاdoes notيَنْفَعُbenefitفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafterإِلَّاexceptالْإِيمَانُthe faithالْبَاطِنِ.the hidden.
And he was showing from the faith what the nation shows, and more, it is required that there is a distinction between the apparent rulings of the believers which the people are judged in the worldly life, and between their ruling in the Hereafter with rewards and punishment, for the believer deserving of Paradise must be a believer in the hidden, by agreement of all the people of the qibla, even the Karamiya who call the hypocrite a believer and they say: the faith is the word, they say: that it does not benefit in the Hereafter except the hidden faith.
وَقَدْAnd hasحَكَىreportedبَعْضُهُمْsome of themعَنْهُمْabout themأَنَّهُمْthat theyيَجْعَلُونَmakeالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesمِنْone ofأَهْلِthe people ofالْجَنَّةِ،Paradise,وَهُوَand it isغَلَطٌmistakeعَلَيْهِمْ،on them,إِنَّمَاit is onlyنَازَعُواthey disputedفِيinالْاسْمِthe nameلَاnotفِيinالْحُكْمِthe rulingبِسَبَبِbecause ofشُبْهَةِthe suspicionالْمُرَجِّئَةِof the Murji'aفِيinأَنْthatالْإِيمَانَthe faithلَاdoes notيَتَبَعَّضُpartitionedوَلَاnorيَتَفَاضَلُis favouredوَلِهَذَاand for this reasonأَكْثَرُmostمَاof whatاِشْتَرَطَconditionedالْفُقَهَاءُthe juristsفِيinالرَّقَبَةِthe neckالَّتِيthatتَجْزِئُsufficesفِيinالْكَفَّارَةِthe expiationالْعَمَلُthe workالظَّاهِرُ،the apparent,فَتَنَازَعُواso they disagreedهَلْwhetherيَجْزِئُsufficientالصَّغِيرُ؟the small?عَلَىonقَوْلَيْنِtwo sayingsمَعْرُوفَيْنِknownلِلرَّسَالَةِto the predecessorsهُمَاthey areرِيَاحَتَانِtwo reportsعَنْfromأَحْمَدَ،Ahmad,فَقِيلَ:it was said:لَاnoيَجْزِئُsufficesعَتْقُهُ،his emancipation,لِأَنَّbecauseالْإِيمَانَthe faithقَوْلٌis sayingوَعَمَلٌ،and action,وَالصَّغِيرُand the smallمُؤْمِنٌbelievesبِنَفْسِهِin themselvesإِنَّمَاonlyإِيمَانُهُhis faithتَبَعٌis basedلِأَبَوَيْهِon his parentsفِيinأَحْكَامِthe rulingsالدُّنْيَا وَلَمْthe worldly life and notيَشْتَرِطْconditionsأَحَدٌanyoneأَنْthatيَعْلَمَknowأَنَّهُthat heمُؤْمِنٌbelieverفِيinالْبَاطِنِ،the hidden,وَقِيلَ:and it was said:بَلْratherيَجْزِئُsufficesعَتْقُهُhis emancipationلِأَنَّbecauseالْعَتْقَthe emancipationمِنْis fromالأَحْكَامِthe rulingsالظَّاهِرَةِthe apparentوَهُوَand heتَبَعٌis basedلِأَبَوَيْهِ،on his parents,فَكَمَاfor just asأَنَّهُheيَرِثُinheritsمِنْهُمَاfrom themوَيُصَلَّىand (he) is prayed forعَلَيْهِfor himوَلَاand he does notيُصَلَّىprayإِلَّاexceptعَلَىonمُؤْمِنٍ،a believer,فَإِنَّهُfor verily heيُعْتِقُ.emancipates.
And has reported some of them about them that they make the hypocrites one of the people of Paradise, and it is a mistake on them, it is only that they disputed in the name not in the ruling because of the suspicion of the Murji'a in that the faith does not get partitioned nor favoured, and for this reason most of what the jurists conditioned in the neck which suffices in the expiation is the apparent work, so they disagreed whether the small suffices? on two sayings known to the predecessors, they are two reports from Ahmad, it was said: No, it suffices his emancipation, because the faith is saying and action, and the small believes in themselves only, his faith is based on his parents in the rulings of the worldly life and not does anyone condition that he knows that he is a believer in the hidden, and it was said: rather it suffices his emancipation because the emancipation is from the apparent rulings and he is based on his parents, for just as he inherits from them and (he) is prayed for him and he does not pray except on a believer, for verily he emancipates.
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseالْمُنَافِقُونَthe hypocritesالَّذِينَwhoلَمْdid notيُظْهِرُواshowنِفَاقَهُمْtheir hypocrisyيُصَلَّىare prayedعَلَيْهِمْfor themإِذَاifمَاتُوا،they died,وَيُدْفَنُونَand are buriedفِيinمَقَابِرِthe gravesالْمُسْلِمِينَof Muslimsمِنْfromعَهْدِthe timeالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet ﷺ، ﷺ,وَالْمَقْبَرَةُand the graveyardالَّتِيthatكَانَتْwasلِلْمُسْلِمِينَfor the Muslimsفِيinحَيَاتِهِhis life.
And likewise the hypocrites who did not show their hypocrisy are prayed for if they died, and they are buried in the graves of Muslims from the time of the Prophet ﷺ, and the graveyard that was for the Muslims in his life.