كَمَاasكَانَwasالمُنافقُونَthe hypocritesعَلَىduringعَهْدِthe time ofرَسُولِthe Messengerاللَّهِof Godﷺ(peace be upon him),,وَلَمْand did notيَحْكُمِjudgeالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)فِيinالمُنافقِينَthe hypocritesبِحُكْمِby the ruling ofالكُفَّارِthe disbelieversالمُظَاهِرِينَwho openly manifestلِلْكُفْرِdisbelief،,لَاnotفِيinمَنَاكِحَتِهِمْtheir marriagesوَلَاnorمَوَارِثَتِهِمْtheir inheritancesوَلَاnorنَحْوَsimilarذَٰلِكَto that,,بَلْbutلَمَّاwhenمَاتَdiedعَبْدُاللَّهِAbdullahابْنُson ofأَبِيAbiابْنِthe son ofسَلُولَSalool--وَهُوَand he isمِنْamongأَشْهَرِthe most famousالنَّاسِpeopleبِالنِّفَاقِin hypocrisyـ-وَرَثَهُhe inherited himابْنُهُhis sonعَبْدُاللَّهِAbdullahوَهُوَand he isمِنْone ofخِيَارِthe bestالمُؤْمِنِينَof the believers,,وَكَذَٰلِكَand likewiseسَائِرُthe rest ofمَنthose whoكَانُواwereيَمُوتُونَdyingمِنْهُمْfrom themيَرِثُوهُthey inherited himوَرَثَتَهُhis inheritorsالمُؤْمِنُونَthe believers,,وَإِذَاand ifمَاتَone diesلِأَحَدِهِمْto any of themوَارِثٌinheritorيَرِثُوهُthey inherited himمَعَwithالمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslims.
As the hypocrites were during the time of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him), the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not judge the hypocrites by the ruling of the openly manifest disbelievers, neither in their marriages nor in their inheritances nor anything similar. But when Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salool - who was one of the most famous people in hypocrisy - died, his son Abdullah inherited him, and he is one of the best believers. Likewise, whenever any of them died, their inheritors were believers. And if one of them died, the inheritor inherited him with the Muslims.
وَقَدْAndتَنَازَعَdisputedالْفُقَهَاءُthe juristsفِيinالمُنَافِقِthe hypocriteالزَّنْدِيقِthe hereticالَّذِيwhoيَكْتُمُconcealsزَنْدِقَتَهُhis heresy,,هَلْwhetherيَرِثُhe inheritsوَيُورَثُand inherits؟?عَلَىBased onقَوْلَيْنِtwo opinions,,وَالصَّحِيحُand the correctأَنَّهُis that heيَرِثُinheritsوَيُورَثُand inheritsوَإِنْeven ifعَلِمَhe knowsفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe innerأَنَّهُthat heمُنَافِقٌis a hypocrite,,كَمَاasكَانَتِwereالصَّحَابَةُthe companionsعَلَىduringعَهْدِthe time ofالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him),,وَلِأَنَّand becauseالْمِيرَاثَinheritanceمَبْنَاهُis basedعَلَىonالمَوَالَاةِthe apparent allegianceالظَّاهِرَةِthat is apparent,,لَاnotعَلَىonالْمَحَبَّةِthe loveالَّتِيthat isفِيinالْقُلُوبِthe hearts,,فَإِنَّهُfor ifلَوْit wereعُلِّقَconditionalبِذَٰلِكَon thatلَمْit would notتَمْكَنbe ableمَعْرِفَتُهُto know itوَالحِكْمَةُand the wisdomإِذَاifكَانَتْit wereخَفِيَّةًhiddenأَوْorمُنْتَشِرَةًprevalentعُلِّقَconditionalالحُكْمُthe ruling,,بِمَظِنَّتِهَاto its presumptive basis,,وَهُوَwhich isمَاwhatأَظْهَرَهُhe displayedمِنْofمَوَالَاتِthe allegianceالمُسْلِمِينَof the Muslims,,فَقَوْلُso the statementالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet: :«لَا"Noيَرِثُinheritsالمُسْلِمُa Muslimالْكَافِرَdisbelieverوَلَاand noالْكَافِرُdisbelieverالمُسْلِمَa Muslim(١)(1)
And the jurists disputed about the hypocrite heretic who conceals his heresy, whether he inherits and is inherited by others. This is based on two opinions, and the correct one is that he does inherit and is inherited from, even if it is known inwardly that he is a hypocrite, just as the companions were at the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him). And because inheritance is based on apparent allegiance, not on love that is in the hearts, for if it were conditional upon that, one would not be able to know it, and the wisdom, if it is hidden or prevalent, can be conditional based on its presumptive basis, which is what he displayed of allegiance to the Muslims. So the statement of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "No Muslim inherits from a disbeliever nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim (1)" does not include the hypocrites, even if they are in the lowest part of the Hellfire in the Hereafter.
بَلْRatherكَانُواthey wereيُورَثُونَinheritedوَيَرِثُونَand inherit,,وَكَّذَٰلِكَand likewiseكَانُواthey wereفِيinالْحُقُوقِthe rightsوَالْحُدُودِand limitsكَسَائِرِlike the rest ofالمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslims,,وَقَدْAndأَخْبَرَhas informedاللَّهُGodعَنْهُمْabout themأَنَّهُمْthat theyيُصَلُّونَprayوَيُزَكُّونَand give alms,,وَمَعَand withهَذَاthisلَمْdid notيَقْبَلْacceptذَٰلِكَthatمِنْهُمْfrom themفَقَالَand He said::﴿وَمَا"And whatمَنَعَهُمْprevented themأَنْfromتُلْقَبَلَbeing acceptedمِنْهُمْfrom themنَفَقَتُهُمْtheir expenditureإِلَّاexceptأَنَّْهُمْthat theyكَفَرُواdisbelievedبِاللَّهِin Godوَبِرَسُولِهِand His Messenger,,وَلَاand do notيَأْتُونَcome toالصَّلَوَاتِthe prayerإِلَّاexceptوَهُمْwhile they areكَسَالَىlazyوَلَاand do notيُنفِقُونَspendإِلَّاexceptوَهُمْwhile they areكَرِهُونَdisliking
Rather, they were inherited and inherited likewise in rights and limits like the rest of the Muslims. And God has informed about them that they pray and give alms, and with this, He did not accept that from them, and He said: "And what prevented them from being accepted from them their expenditure except that they disbelieved in God and His Messenger, and they do not come to the prayer except while they are lazy, and they do not spend except while they are disliking."
وَإِذَاAnd ifقَامُواthey riseإِلَىtoالصَّلَوَةِthe prayerقَامُواthey riseكَسَالَىlazyيُرَاءُونَto show offالنَّاسَthe peopleوَلَاand do notيَذْكُرُونَrememberاللَّهَGodإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa little(1)(1)
And if they rise for prayer, they rise lazily, to show off to the people, and they do not remember God except a little.
وَفِيAnd inصَحِيحِthe authenticمُسْلِمٍMuslimعَنْaboutالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)قَالَsaid::تِلْكَThat isصَلَاةُthe prayerالمُنَافِقِof the hypocrite,,تِلْكَthat isصَلَاةُthe prayerالمُنَافِقِof the hypocrite,,تِلْكَthat isصَلَاةُthe prayerالمُنَافِقِ, يَرْقُبُhe waits forالشَّمْسَthe sunحَتَّىuntilإِذَاwhenكَانَتْit wasبَيْنَbetweenقَرْنَيthe two horns ofالشَّيَاطِينِthe devilsقَامَhe standsفَنَقَرَand pecksأَرْبَعًاfourلَاnotيَذْكُرُrememberingاللَّهَGodفِيهَاin itإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa little.
And in the authentic Muslim about the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'That is the prayer of the hypocrite, that is the prayer of the hypocrite, that is the prayer of the hypocrite, who waits for the sun until it is between the two horns of the devil then he stands and pecks four times without remembering God in it except a little.'
وَكَانُواAnd they wereيَخْرُجُونَgoing outمَعَwithالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)فِيinالمَغَازِيthe battles,,كَمَاasخَرَجَwent outابْنُthe sonأَبِيof Abiفِيinغَزْوَةِthe battle ofبَنِيBanuالْمُصْطَلِقِal-Mustaliq,,وَقَالَand saidفِيin it:,﴿لَن رَجَعْنَا"When we returnإِلَىtoالْمَدِينَةِthe cityلَيُخْرِجَنَّthe more honorable among usالْأَعَزُّwill surely drive outمِنْهَاthe more humbleالْأَذَلُّ. (1)
And they went out with the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the battles, just as the son of Abi (the hypocrite) went out in the battle of Banu al-Mustaliq, and he said in it: 'When we return to the city, surely the more honorable among us will drive out the more humble.'