غَايَةُThe purposeالإِهَانَةِof humiliationقَالُواthey saidوَهَذِهِand theseكُلَّهَاallمَعَاصٍsinsلَاdo notتُنَافِيcontradictالإِيمَانَfaithالَّذِيthatفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heartبَلْratherيَفْعَلُhe actsهَذاthisوَهُوَand he isفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe innerعِندَwithاللَّهِGodمُؤْمِنٌbeliever
The purpose of humiliation, they said, is that all of these are sins that do not contradict the faith that is in his heart. Rather, he acts this way while he is, in reality, a believer with God.
قَالُواThey saidوَإِنَّمَاand onlyثَبَتَestablishedلَهُfor himفِيinالدُّنْيَاthe worldly lifeأَحْكَامٌrulingsالْكُفَّارِof the disbelievers,,لِأَنَّbecauseهَذِهِtheseالْأَقْوَالَstatementsأَمَارَةٌare indicationsعَلَىofالْكُفْرِdisbeliefلِيُحْكَمَto be judgedبِالظَّاهِرِby the apparentكَمَاasيُحْكَمُis judgedبِالْإِقْرَارِby the acknowledgmentوَالشُّهُودِand the witnesses,,وَإِنْand ifكَانَhe wasفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe innerقَدْmay/mightيَكُونُbeبِخِلَافِcontrary toمَاwhatأَقَرَّhe has admittedبِهِof itوَبِخِلَافِand contrary toمَاwhatشَهِدَthe witnesses have testifiedبِهِof it,,فَإِذَاifأَوْرَدَit was presentedعَلَيْهِمْto themالْكِتَابَthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةَand the Sunnahوَالإِجْمَاعَand consensusعَلَىonأَنَّthatالْوَاحِدَoneمِنْofهَؤُلَاءِtheseكَافِرٌis a disbelieverفِيinنَفْسِessenceالأَمْرِthe matterمُعَذَّبٌhe is punishedفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafter.
They said, and only the rulings of the disbelievers are established for him in this worldly life, because these statements are indications of disbelief to be judged by the apparent as is judged by acknowledgment and witnesses, and if in reality he may be contrary to what he has admitted and contrary to what the witnesses have testified. If the Book, Sunnah, and consensus were presented to them that one of these is a disbeliever in essence, he is punished in the Hereafter.
قَالُواThey saidفَهَذَاand thisدَلِيلٌis evidenceعَلَىofانْتِفَاءِnegationالتَّصْدِيقِthe credibilityوَالْعِلْمِand knowledgeمِنْfromقَلْبِهِhis heartفَالْكُفْرُSo disbeliefعِندَهُمْwith themشَيْءٌis somethingوَاحِدٌoneوَهُوَand it isالْجَهْلُignorance,,وَالْإِيمَانُand faithشَيْءٌis somethingوَاحِدٌoneوَهُوَand it isالْعِلْمُknowledgeأَوْorتَكْذِيبٌthe denialالْقَلْبِof the heartوَتَصْدِيقُهُand its acknowledgmentفَإِنَّهُمْfor theyمُتَنَازِعُونَare in disputeهَلْwhetherتَصْدِيقُthe acknowledgmentالْقَلْبِof the heartشَيْءٌis somethingغَيْرٌother thanالْعِلْمِknowledgeأَوْorهُوَisهُوَit.
They said, and this is evidence of the negation of credibility and knowledge from his heart, so disbelief for them is one thing which is ignorance, and faith is one thing which is knowledge, or disbelief of the heart and its acknowledgment. For they are in dispute whether the acknowledgment of the heart is something other than knowledge, or is it the same?
وَهَذَاAnd thisقَوْلٌis a sayingمَعَwithأَنَّهُthat it isأَفْسَدُthe most corruptقَوْلٌsayingقِيلَthat was saidفِيaboutالإِيمَانِfaithفَقَدْfor it hasذَهَبَgoneإِلَيْهِto itكَثِيرٌmanyمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالْكَلَامِspeechالْمُرْجِئَةِthe Murji'ah,,وَقَدْand theyكَفَّرَdeclared disbeliefالسَّلَفُthe Salaf----كُوَيْكِعٌKuwikبْنِbinالْجَرَّاحِAl-JarrahوَأَحْمَدَAhmadبْنِbinحَنْبَلٍHanbalوَأَبِيand AbuعُبَيْدٍAbidوَغَيْرِهِمْand othersمِنْfromيَقُولُhe saysبِهَذَاof this sayingالْقَوْلِthe sayingوَقَالُواand they saidإِبْلِيسُIblisكَافِرٌis a disbelieverبِنَصِّby the textالْقُرْآنِof the Qur'anوَإِنَّمَاand onlyكَفْرُهُhis disbeliefبِاسْتِكْبَارِهِby his arroganceوَامْتِنَاعِهِand his refusalعَنْfromالسُّجُودِthe prostrationلِآدَمَto Adam,,لَاnotلِكَوْنِهِdue to hisكَذِبٍlyingخَبَرًاin a report,,وَكَذَٰلِكَand likewiseفِرْعَوْنُPharaohوَقَوْمُهُand his people,,قَالَhe saidتَعَالَىthe Exaltedفِيهِمْabout them::(وَجَحَدُوا(And they deniedبِهَاitوَاسْتَيْقَنَتْهَاand they were certain of itأَنفُسُهُمْtheir own soulsظُلْمًاwrongfullyوَعُلُوًّاand haughtily﴾[النمل: ١٤]]
And this saying is with the fact that it is the most corrupt saying ever said about faith, for many of the people of speech, the Murji'ah have adopted it. The Salaf - like Kuwik bin Al-Jarrah, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Abu Abid, and others - declared disbelief for one who says this saying and they said that Iblis is a disbeliever as stated clearly in the Qur'an. And his disbelief was due to his arrogance and refusal to prostrate to Adam, not for lying in a report. And likewise, Pharaoh and his people, the Exalted said about them: (And they denied it while their own souls were certain of it wrongfully and haughtily).
وَقَالَAnd he saidمُوسَىMosesعَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلاَمُpeaceلِفِرْعَوْنَto Pharaoh::لَقَدْIndeedعَلِمْتَyou knewمَاwhatأَنزَلَwas revealedهَؤُلَاءِto theseإِلَّاexceptرَبُّthe Lordالسَّمَاوَاتِof the heavensوَالْأَرْضِand the earthبَصَابِرَthe Sovereign.
And he said, Moses upon him be peace to Pharaoh: 'Indeed, you knew what was revealed to these except the Lord of the heavens and the earth.'
بَعْدَAfterقَوْلِهِhis saying::﴿وَلَقَدْ(And indeed)أَحْضَرْنَاwe presentedلِمُوسَىMosesتِسْعَnineآيَاتٍsignsبَيِّنَاتٍclear.فَشَلَThen stoodبَنِيthe Children ofإِسْرَائِيلَIsrael when they came to him.إِذْWhenجَاءَهُمْthey came to himفَقَالَand he saidلَهُto himفِرْعَوْنُPharaoh::إِنِّيIndeedلَأَظُنُّكَI think youيَامُوسَىO Mosesمَسْحُورًاare bewitched.
After his saying: (And indeed we presented to Moses nine clear signs), then they stood the Children of Israel when they came to him. And Pharaoh said to him: 'Indeed, I think you, O Moses, are bewitched.'
قَالHe saidلَقَدْIndeedعَلِمْتَyou knewمَاwhatأَنزَلَwas revealedهَؤُلَاءِto theseإِلَّاexceptرَبُّthe Lordالسَّمَاوَاتِof the heavensوَالْأَرْضِand the earthبَصَارَthe Sovereign.وَإِنِّيAnd indeedلَأَظُنُّكَI think youيَافِرْعَوْنُO Pharaohمَشْبُورًاare being misled.
He said: 'Indeed, you knew what was revealed to these except the Lord of the heavens and the earth, and indeed I think you are being misled.'
مُوسَىMosesوَهُوَand he isالصَّادِقُthe truthfulالْمُصَدَّقُthe confirmedيَقُولُsays﴿لَقَدْ(Indeed) عَلِمْتَyou knewمَاwhatأَنزَلَwas revealedهَؤُلَاءِto these.إِلَّاexceptرَبُّthe Lordالسَّمَاوَاتِof the heavensوَالْأَرْضِand the earthبَصَارَthe Sovereign.
Moses, and he is the truthful and confirmed, says: 'Indeed, you knew what was revealed to these except the Lord of the heavens and the earth.'
فَدَلَّSo it indicatesعَلَىthatأَنَّPharaohفِرْعَوْنَPharaohكَانَwasعَالِمًاawareبِأَنَّthatاللَّهَGodأَنزَلَhas revealedالْآيَاتَthe signsوَهُوَand he isمِنْofأَكْبَرِthe greatestخَلْقِcreationاللَّهِof Godعِنَادًاin stubbornnessوَبَغْيًاand transgressionلِفَسَادِfor the corruptionإِرَادَتِهِof his intentوَقَصْدِهِand aim.
So it indicates that Pharaoh was aware that God has revealed the signs and he is one of the greatest of God's creation in his stubbornness and transgression for the corruption of his intent and aim.
قَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Exalted﴿إِنَّIndeedفِرْعَوْنَPharaohعَلَاardentفِيinالْأَرْضِthe earthوَجَعَلَand madeأَهْلَهَاits peopleشِيَعًاdividedيَسْتَضْعِفُhe oppressesطَائِفَةًa groupمِنْهُمْof themيُذَبِّحُhe slaughtersأَبْنَاءَهُمْtheir sonsوَيَسْتَحْيِيand keeps aliveنِسَاءَهُمْtheir womenإِنَّهُIndeedكَانَhe wasمِنَofالْمُفْسِدِينَthe corruptors.﴾[الْقَصَصِ]]
He said, the Exalted: 'Indeed, Pharaoh was an oppressor in the land and divided its people, he oppressed a group of them, slaughtered their sons and kept alive their women; indeed, he was one of the corruptors.'
وَقَالَAnd he saidتَعَالَىthe ExaltedوَجَحَدُواAnd they deniedبِهَاitوَاسْتَيْقَنَتْهَاand they were certain of itأَنْفُسُهُمْtheir own selvesظُلْمًاwrongfullyوَعُلُوًّاand haughtily.وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseالْيَهُودُthe JewsالَّذِينَwhoقَالَsaidاللَّهُGodفِيهِمْabout them::الَّذِينَthose whoمَاتَيْنَاهُمُWe gave themالْكِتَابَthe Bookيَعْرِفُونَهُthey know itكَمَاasيَعْرِفُونَthey knowأَبْنَاءَهُمْtheir sons.﴾[البَقَرَةِ: ١٤٦]]
And He said, the Exalted: 'And they denied it while their own selves were certain of it wrongfully and haughtily.' And likewise, the Jews who God said about them: 'Those who We gave the Book, they know it as they know their own sons.'
﴾[البَقَرَةِ: ١٤٦]]