فَإِذَاSo ifقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighعَنْAboutالْمَلَائِكَةِthe angels:: لَاDo notيَعْصُونَdisobeyاللَّهَGodمَاwhatأَمَرَهُمْHe commanded them
So if the Most High said about the angels: "They do not disobey God in what He commands them".
دَخَلَIt is includedفِيinذَٰلِكَthatأَنَّهُthatإِذَاwhenنَهَاهُمْHe forbids themعَنْfromشَيْءٍsomethingاجْتَنِبُوهُthey avoid it
It is included in that, that when He forbids them from something, they avoid it.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forقَوْلُهُHis saying:: ﴿وَيَفْعَلُونَ"And they do"مَاwhatيُؤْمَرُونَthey are commanded
And as for His saying: "And they do what they are commanded"...
فَقَدْIt has beenقِيلَsaid:: لَاDo notيَتَعَدَّوْنَthey exceedمَاwhatأَمَرُواthey were commandedبِهِwith it
It has been said: they do not exceed what they were commanded.
وَقِيلَAnd it is said:: يَفْعَلُونَهُthey do itفِيatوَقْتِهِits timeلَاnotيُقَدِّمُونَهُthey advance itوَلَاnorيُؤَخِّرُونَهُthey delay it
And it is said: they do it at its time; they do not advance it nor delay it.
وَقَدْAnd it may beيُقَالُsaid:: هُوَIt isلَمْnotيَقُلْsay:: وَلَاnorيَفْعَلُونَthey doإِلَّاexceptمَاwhatيُؤْمَرُونَthey are commanded
And it may be said: it did not say: "And they do not do except what they are commanded".
بَلRatherهَذَاthisدَلَّindicatesعَلَيْهِon itقَوْلُهُ: لَاDo notيَسْبِقُونَهُthey precede Himبِالْقَوْلِin speechوَهُمand theyبِأَمْرِهِin His command,, يَعْمَلُونَthey act
Rather, this is indicated by His saying: "They do not precede Him in speech and they act in His command."
وَقَدْAnd it has beenقِيلَsaid:: لَاDo notيَعْصُونَdisobeyمَاwhatأَمَرَهُمْHe commanded themبِهِwith itفِيinالْمَاضِيthe past
And it has been said: they do not disobey what He commanded them in the past.
وAndيَفْعَلُونَthey doمَاwhatيُؤْمَرُونَthey are commandedفِيinالْمُسْتَقْبَلِthe future
And they do what they are commanded in the future.
وَقَدْAnd it may beيُقَالُsaid:: هَذِهِthisالْآيَةُverseخَبَرٌis newsعَمَّabout whatسَيَكُونُwill happen
And it may be said: this verse is news about what will happen.
مَاWhatأَمَرُواthey were commandedبِهِwith itهُنَاhereمَاضِيًاpastبَلbutلِجَمِيعِfor allمُسْتَقْبَلٍfuture
What they were commanded with here is in the past, but it is for all future.
فَإِنَّهُIndeed, itقَالَsaid:: قُواProtectأَنفُسَكُمْyourselvesوَأَهْلِيكُمْand your familiesنَارًاfrom the fire
Indeed, it said: "Protect yourselves and your families from the fire."
وَمَاAnd whatيُتَّقَىis avoidedبِهِby itإِنَّمَاis onlyيَكُونُisمُسْتَقْبَلًاin the future
And what is avoided by it is only in the future.
وَقَدْAnd it may beيُقَالُsaid:: تُرْكَLeftالْمَأْمُورُthe commandedتَارَةًsometimesيَكُونُit isالْمَعْصِيَةُdisobedienceالْمَأْمُورِof the commandedوَتَارَةًand sometimesيَكُونُit isلِعَجْزِهِdue to his inability
And it may be said: leaving the commanded sometimes is disobedience of the commanded, and sometimes it is due to his inability.
فَإِذَاSo whenكَانَhe wasقَادِرًاableمُرِيدًاwilling,, لَزِمَit is necessaryوُجُودُthe existenceالْمَأْمُورِof the commandedالْمُقَدُورِthe possible
So when he was able and willing, the existence of the commanded that is possible is necessary.
فَقَوْلُهُSo His saying:: لَاDo notيَعْصُونَthey disobeyأَي:meaning: لَاdo notيَمْتَنِعُونَthey refrainعَنْfromالطَّاعَةِobedience
So His saying: "They do not disobey" means: they do not refrain from obedience.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying:: وَيَفْعَلُونَ"And they do"مَاwhatيُؤْمَرُونَthey are commanded
And His saying: "And they do what they are commanded".
أَي:Meaning: هُمْtheyقَادِرُونَare ableعَلَىtoذَٰلِكَthatلَاnotيَعْجِزُونَthey are incapableعَنْofشَيْءٍanythingمِنْهُof it
Meaning: they are able to do that; they are not incapable of anything of it.
بَلRatherيَفْعَلُونَهُthey do itكُلَّهُall of itفَيَدُلُّSo it indicatesوُجُودَthe existenceكُلِّallمَاwhatأَمَرُواthey were commandedبِهِwith it
Rather, they do all of it, so it indicates the existence of all what they were commanded with.
وَقَدْAnd it may beيَكُونُit isفِيinضَمْنِthe contextذَٰلِكَthatأَنَّهُمْtheyلَاdo notيَعْمَلُونَdoإِلَّاexceptالْمَأْمُورَthe commandedبِهِwith it
And it may be in the context that they do not do except what they are commanded with.
كَمَاAsيَقُولُsomeone says:: أَنَاIأَفْعَلُdoمَاwhatأَمَرْتُI commandedبِهِwith itأَي:meaning: أَفْعَلُهُI do it,, وَلَاand do notأَتَعَدَّاهُexceed itإِلَىtoزِيَادَةٍincreaseوَلَاand norنَقْصَانٍdecrease
As someone says: I do what I commanded with; meaning: I do it, and I do not exceed it to increase or decrease.
وَأَيْضًاAnd alsoفَقَوْلُهُSo His saying:: لَاDo notيَعْصُونَthey disobeyاللَّهَGodمَاwhatأَمَرَهُمْHe commanded them
And also, so His saying: "They do not disobey God in what He commanded them".
إِنْIfكَانَHe wasنَهَاهُمْHe forbids themعَنْfromفِعْلٍdoingآخَرَanotherكَانَit wasذَٰلِكَthatمِنْofأَمْرِهِHis command,, وَإِنْand ifكَانَhe wasلَمْnotيَنْهَهُمْforbid themلَمthey were notيَكُونُواbeمَذْمُومِينَblameworthyبِفِعْلٍfor doingمَاwhatلَمْnotيَنْهَوْهُمthey forbade
If He forbids them from doing another, that was of His command, and if He did not forbid them, they would not be blameworthy for doing what they were not forbidden.
وَالْمَقْصُودُAnd the intendedأَنْthatلَفْظُthe termالْأَمْرِcommandإِذَاifأُطْلِقَreleasedتَنَاوَلَit includesالنَّهْيَthe prohibition,, وَمِنْهَاand from itقَوْلُهُ: ﴿أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ"Obey Godوَأَطِيعُواand obeyالرَّسُولَthe Messengerوَأُولِيand those in authorityالْأَمْرِ﴾the command"
And the intended meaning is that the term command, if released, includes prohibition, and from it is His saying: "Obey God, and obey the Messenger and those in authority."
أَيMeaningأَصْحَابُthe ownersالْأَمْرِof the command,, وَمَنand whoكَانَwasصَاحِبَthe ownerالْأَمْرِof the commandكَانَwasصَاحِبَthe ownerالنَّهْيِof the prohibition
Meaning: the owners of the command; and whoever was the owner of the command was also the owner of the prohibition.
وَجَبَتْAnd it is obligatoryطَاعَتُهُhis obedienceفِيinهَذَاthisوَهَذَا: and this,, فَالنَّهْيُso the prohibitionدَاخِلٌis includedفِيinالْأَمْرِthe command
And it is obligatory to obey him in this and this, so the prohibition is included in the command.
وَقَالَAnd saidمُوسَىMosesلِلْخَضِرِto Al-Khidr:: سَتَجِدُنِيYou will find meإِنifشَاءَwantedاللَّهُGod,, صَابِرًاpatientوَلَاand notأَعْمَىI will disobeyلَكَto youأَمْرًاa command
And Moses said to Al-Khidr: "You will find me if God wills patient and not disobedient to you a command.
قَالَHe saidفَإِنِThen ifاتَّبَعْتَنِيyou follow meفَلَاthen do notتَسْأَلْنِيask meعَنْaboutشَيْءٍanythingحَتَّىuntilأُحْدِثَI revitalizeلَكَto youمِنْهُof itذِكْرًاmention
He said: "Then if you follow me, then do not ask me about anything until I revitalize for you of it mention.
لَهُFor himعَنْaboutالسُّؤالِthe questionحَتَّىuntilيُحْدِثَhe mentionsلَهُto himمِنْهُof itذِكْرًاmention.
For him to ask until he mentions to him of it something.
وَلَمَّاAnd whenخَرَقَhe rupturedالسَّفِينَةَthe shipقَالَhe saidلَهُto him:: أَخَرَقْنَاهَاDid you rupture itلِتُغْرِقَto drownأَهْلَهَاits peopleلَقَدْIndeedجِئْتَyou cameشَيْئًاsomethingإِمْرًاterrible.
And when he ruptured the ship, he said to him: "Did you rupture it to drown its people? Indeed, you came something terrible."
فَسَأَلَهُThen he asked himقَبْلَbeforeإِحْدَاثِrevitalizingالذِّكْرِthe mention
Then he asked him before revitalizing the mention.
وَقَالَAnd he saidفِيaboutالْغُلَامِthe boy:: أَقَتَلْتَDid you killنَفْسًاa soulزَكِيَّةًinnocentبِغَيْرِwithoutنَفْسٍanother soulلَقَدْIndeedجِئْتَyou cameشَيْئًاsomethingكَبِيرًاterrible.
And he said about the boy: "Did you kill an innocent soul without another soul? Indeed, you came something terrible."
فَسَأَلَهُThen he asked himقَبْلَbeforeإِحْدَاثِrevitalizingالذِّكْرِthe mention
Then he asked him before revitalizing the mention.
وَقَالَAnd he saidعَنْaboutالْجِدَارِthe wall:: لَوْIfشِئْتَyou wantedهَذَاthisنَهْيٌprohibition
And he said about the wall: "If you wanted, this is a prohibition."