وَإِذَاAnd ifقِيلَit is said::قَوْلُهُHis saying::﴿فَعَامِنُوا(then believeبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetالْأُتِيwho has been sent)[الأعراف:[Al-A'raf:١٥٨]،158],دَخَلَit entersفِيintoالإِيْمَانِthe faithبِرَسُولِهِin His Messengerالإِيْمَانِfaithبِجَمِيعِin allالْكُتُبِthe books،وَالنَّبِيِّينَ, and the prophetsوَكَذَلِكَSimilarlyإِذَاifقِيلَit is said::﴿وَءَامِنُوا(And believeبِرَسُولِهِin His MessengerيُؤْتِكُمْHe will give youكِفَلَيْنِdoubleمِنofرَّحْمَتِهِ)His mercy)[الحديد:[Al-Hadid:٢٨]28]وَإِذَاAnd ifقِيلَit is said::عَامِنُواBelieveبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerوَأَنفِقُواand spendمِمَّاfrom whatجَعَلَكُمْHe has made youمُّسْتَخْلَفِينَsuccessorsفِيهِin itدَخَلَit entersفِيintoالإِيْمَانِfaithبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerالإِيْمَانِthe faithبِذَٰلِكَin thatكُلِّهِeverything،وَالْإِنْفَاقُ, and spendingيَدْخُلُentersفِيintoقَوْلِهِHis sayingفِيinالْآيَةِthe verseالْأُخْرَى:the other:(مَا(Those whoمِنُواbelieveبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger[الحديد:[Al-Hadid:٧]7]كَمَاjust asيَدْخُلُit entersالْقَوْلُthe sayingالسَّدِيدُthe truthفِيinمِثْلِsuch asقَوْلِهِHis saying﴿وَلَقَدْ(And indeedوَصَّيْنَاWe have enjoinedالَّذِينَthose whoأُوتُواwere givenالْكُتُبَ)the Scriptures)[النساء[An-Nisa::١٣٠].130].وَكَذَلِكَAnd similarlyلَفْظُthe termالْبِرِّvirtueإِذَاifأُطْلِقَis usedتَادَاوَلَconcernsجَمِيعَallمَاwhatأَمَرَHe commandedاللَّـهُAllahبِهِto itكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِ:His saying:﴿إِنَّIndeedالْأَبْرَارَthe righteousلَفِيare surely inنَعِيمٍpleasureوَإِنَّand surelyالْفُجَّارَthe wickedلَفِيare inجَحِيمٍpunishment)[الانفطار]،[Al-Infitar],وَقَوْلُهُ:and His saying:﴿وَلَكِنَّ(But surelyالْبِرَّvirtueمَنْis he whoاتَّقَى)fears (Allah)[البقرة:[Al-Baqarah:۱۸۹].189].وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:﴿وَلَكِنَّ(But surelyالْبِرَّvirtueمَنْis whoeverءَامَنَbelievesبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَالْيَوْمِand the Last Dayالْآخِرِof the Endوَالْمَلَائِكَةَand the Angelsوَالْكُتُبِand the Scripturesوَالنَّبِيِّينَand the Prophetsوَعَلَىand uponالْمَالِthe wealthعَلَىfor the love ofحُبِّهِhis kinذَوِيthe relativesالْقُرْبَىcloseوَالْيَتَامَىand the orphansوَالْمَسَاكِينِand those in needوَابْنَand the travelerالسَّبِيلِon the pathوَالسَّابِلِينَand the strandedوَفِيand inالرِّقَابِthe freeing of slavesوَأَقَامَand establishesالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَمَالَىand paysالزَّكَاةَthe Zakatوَالْمُوفُونَand those who fulfillبِعَهْدِهِمْtheir pledgesإِذَاwhenعَهَدُواthey made a covenantوَالصَّابِرِينَand the patientفِيinالْبَأْسَاءِthe adversityوَالضَّرَّاءِand the difficultiesوَحِينَand duringالْبَأْسِthe battleأُولَـٰئِكَthose areالَّذِينَthose whoصَدَقُواare trueوَأُوْلَـٰئِكَand those areهُمُtheالْمُتَّقُونَ)pious)[البقرة]،[Al-Baqarah],فَالْبِرُّVirtueإِذَاifأُطْلِقَit is usedكَانَwasمُسَمَّىthe titleمُسَمَّىthe titleالتَّقْوَى،of piety,وَالتَّقْوَىand pietyإِذَاifأُطْلِقَتْit is usedكَانَwasمُسَمَّىthe titleمُسَمَّىthe titleالْبِرِّ،of virtue,ثُمَّThenقَدْit mayيَجْمَعَcombineبَيْنَهُمَاbetween themكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَتَعَاوَنُوا(And cooperateعَلَىinالْبِرِّvirtueوَالتَّقْوَى)and piety)[المائدة:[Al-Ma'idah:٢]2]وَكَذَلِكَAnd similarlyلَفْظُthe termالْإِثْمَsinإِذَاifأُطْلِقَit is usedدَخَلَincludesفِيهِin itكُلُّallذَنبٍ،sins,وَقَدْand it mayيُقَرَّنُbe coupledبِالْعُدْوَانِwith aggressionكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَلَا(And do notتَعَاوَنُواcooperateعَلَىinالإِثْمِthe sinوَالْعُدْوَانِ)and aggression)[المائدة:[Al-Ma'idah:٢].2].وَكَذَلِكَAnd similarlyلَفْظُthe termالذُّنُوبِsinsإِذَاifأُطْلِقَit is usedدَخَلَincludesفِيهِin itتَرْكُthe abandonmentكُلِّof allوَاجِبٍthat is obligatoryوَفِعْلُand the committingكُلِّof allمُحَرَّمٍ،forbidden,كَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِ:His saying:﴿يَاعِبَادِيَ(O My servants)الَّذِينَthose whoأَسْرَفُواhave transgressedعَلَىagainstأَنفُسِهِمْthemselvesلَاdo notتَقْنَطُواdespairمِنofرَحْمَةِthe mercyاللَّـهِof Allah.إِنَّIndeed,اللَّـهَAllahيَغْفِرُforgivesالذُّنُوبَthe sinsجَمِيعًا)all together)[الزُمَر:[Az-Zumar:٥٣].53].ثُمَّThenقَدit mayيُقَرَّنُbe coupledبِغَيْرِهِwith anotherكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِ:His saying:﴿رَبَّنَا(O our Lord,اغْفِرْforgiveلَنَاusذُنُوبَنَاour sinsوَإِسْرَافَنَاand our extravaganceفِيinأَمْرِنَا)our matter)[آل عمران:[Aali ‘Imran:١٤٧].147].وَكَذَلِكَAnd similarlyلَفْظُthe termالْهُدَىguidanceإِذَاifأُطْلِقَit is usedتَنَاوَلَit encompassesالْعِلْمَknowledgeالَّذِيwhichبَعَثَwas sentاللَّـهُAllahبِهِwith itرَسُولَهُHis Messengerوَالْعَمَلَand the workبِهِwith itجَمِيعًا،together,فَيَدْخُلَincludesفِيهِin itكُلَّallمَاwhatأَمَرَHe commandedاللَّـهُAllahبِهِto itكَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis saying:(اهْدِنَا(Guide usالصِّرَاطَthe pathالْمُسْتَقِيمَ)،the Straight),وَالْمُرَادُand the meaningطَلَبُthe seekingالْعِلْمِof knowledgeبِالْحَقِّwith the truthوَالْعَمَلُand the workبِهِwith itجَمِيعًاall togetherوَكَذَلِكَSimilarlyقَوْلُهُHis saying:(هُدًى(A guidanceلِلْمُتَّقِينَ)for the righteous)الْمُرَادُthe intent.
And if it is said: His saying: "Then believe in Allah and His Messenger, the Prophet who has been sent" [Al-A'raf: 158], it enters into faith in His Messenger the faith in all the books and the prophets. Similarly, if it is said: "And believe in His Messenger, He will give you double of His mercy" [Al-Hadid: 28] and if it is said: "Believe in Allah and His Messenger and spend from what He has made you successors of" it enters into the faith in Allah and His Messenger, the faith in all that and spending enters into His saying in another verse: "Those who believe in Allah and His Messenger" [Al-Hadid: 7], just as the true saying enters into such as His saying: "And indeed We have enjoined those who were given the Scriptures" [An-Nisa: 130]. Similarly, the term virtue, when it is invoked, encompasses all that Allah has commanded, as in His saying: "Indeed, the righteous are surely in pleasure and the wicked are in punishment" [Al-Infitar], and His saying: "But surely virtue is he who fears Allah" [Al-Baqarah: 189]. And His saying: "But virtue is whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and the Angels and the Scriptures and the Prophets and gives wealth for the love of his relatives and the orphans and those in need and the traveler and the stranded and for freeing of slaves and establishes the prayer and pays the Zakat and fulfills their pledges when they made a covenant and are patient in adversity and difficulties and during battles. Those are the true ones and those are the pious" [Al-Baqarah]. Thus virtue when it is invoked was the title of piety, and piety when invoked was the title of virtue, and then it may combine between them as in His saying: "And cooperate in virtue and piety" [Al-Ma'idah: 2]. Similarly, the term sin when it is invoked, includes every sin, and it may be coupled with aggression, as in His saying: "And do not cooperate in sin and aggression" [Al-Ma'idah: 2]. Similarly, the term sins when it is invoked, includes the abandonment of all obligations and the commission of all forbidden acts, as in His saying: "O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins" [Az-Zumar: 53]. Then it may be coupled with another as in His saying: "O our Lord, forgive us our sins and our extravagance" [Aali 'Imran: 147]. Similarly, the term guidance when invoked encompasses the knowledge with which Allah sent His Messenger and the work with it altogether, including all that Allah commanded therein as in His saying: "Guide us the Straight path," and the intention is to seek the knowledge of truth and the work with it altogether, as well as His saying: "A guidance for the righteous."