وَقَوْلُAnd the sayingالْمُعْتَزِلَةُof the Mu'tazilaفِيin theالإِيْمَانِfaithوَالإِسْلَامِand Islamأَقْرَبُis closerمِنْthanقَوْلِthe sayingالْجَهْمِيَّةِof the Jahmiyyaبِكَثِيرٍby a lot, وَلَكِنَ, butقَوْلَهُمْtheir statementفِيaboutتَخْلِيدِeternal punishmentأَهْلِthe people ofالْقِبْلَةِthe Qiblaأَبْعَدُis fartherعَنْfromقَوْلِthe sayingالسَّلفِof the Salafمِنْthanقَوْلِthe sayingالْجَهْمِيَّةِof the Jahmiyya, فَالْمُتَأَخِّرُونَ, so the later onesالَّذِينَwhoنَصَرُواsupportedقَوْلَthe sayingجَهْمٍof Jahmفِيin theمَسْأَلَةِissueالإِيْمَانِof faithيُظْهِرُونَthey showقَوْلَthe sayingالسَّلفِof the Salafفِيinهَذَاthisوَفِيand inالِاسْتِثْنَاءِthe exception, وَفِي, and inانْتِفَاءِthe negationالإيمانِof faithالَّذِيwhichفِيinالْقَلْبِthe heartحَيْثُwhereنَفَاهُit has rejectedالْقُرْآنُthe Quranوَنَحْوَ ذَلِكَand similar matters.. وَذَلِكَAnd thatكُلُّallمُوَافِقٌis in agreementلِلسَّلفِwith the Salafفِيinمَجْرَدِmerelyاللَّفْظِthe wordingوَإِلَّاand if notفَقَوْلُهُمْtheir sayingفِيisغَايَةُthe utmostالْمُبَايَنَةِdifferenceلِقَوْلِfrom the sayingالسَّلفِof the Salaf, لَيْسَ, is notفِيinالْأَقْوَالِthe statementsأَبْعَدَfartherعَنْfromالسَّلفِthe Salafمِنْهُthan it
And the saying of the Mu'tazila about faith and Islam is much closer than the saying of the Jahmiyya. However, their statement regarding the eternal punishment of the people of the Qibla is farther from the saying of the Salaf than the saying of the Jahmiyya. The later scholars who supported the saying of Jahm in the issue of faith show the saying of the Salaf regarding this and regarding the exception, and the negation of faith that is in the heart where the Quran has rejected it, and similar matters.
وَقَوْلُAnd the sayingالْمُعْتَزِلَةُof the Mu'tazilaوَالْخَوَارِجُand the Kharijitesوَالْكَرَامِيَّةُand the Karamitesفِيinاسْمِthe nameالإِيْمَانِof faithوَالإِسْلَامِand Islamأَقْرَبُis closerإِلَىtoقَوْلِthe sayingالسَّلفِof the Salafمِنْthanقَوْلِthe sayingالْجَهْمِيَّةِof the Jahmiyya, لَكِنَّ, butالْمُعْتَزِلَةُthe Mu'tazilaوَالْخَوَارِجُand the Kharijitesيَقُولُونَthey sayبِتَخْلِيدِabout the eternal punishmentالْعُصَاةِof the sinnersوَهَذَاand thisأَبْعَدُis fartherعَنْfromقَوْلِthe sayingالسَّلفِof the Salafمِنْthanكُلِّallقَوْلٍsayingفَهُمْthey areأَقْرَبُcloserفِيwith regard toالِاسْمِthe nameوَأَبْعَدُand fartherفِيinالْحُكْمِthe judgmentوَالْجَهْمِيَّةُand the JahmiyyaوَإِنْAnd although theyكَانُواwereفِيin their saying::بِأَنَّthatالْفُسَّاقَthe sinfulلَاdo notيُخَلَّدُونَremain eternally punishedأَقْرَبَcloserفِيinالْحُكْمِjudgmentإِلَىtoالسَّلفِthe Salaf, فَقَوْلُهُمْ, so their sayingفِيinمُسَمًّىthe designationالإِسْلَامِof Islamوَالْإِيْمَانِand faithوَحَقِيقَتِهِمَاand their realityأَبْعَدُis fartherمِنْfromكُلِّeveryقَوْلٍsayingعَنْfromالْكِتَابِthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnah, وَفِيهِ, and in itمِنْthere is ofمُنَاقَضَةٍcontradictingالْعَقْلِreasonوَالشَّرْعِand the lawوَاللُّغَةِand the languageمَاwhatلَاnotيُوجَدُfoundمِثْلُهُsimilar to itلِغَيْرِهِمfor others.. فَصْلٌSection
The saying of the Mu'tazila and the Kharijites and the Karamites regarding the name of faith and Islam is closer to the saying of the Salaf than the saying of the Jahmiyya. However, the Mu'tazila and the Kharijites say that sinners are eternally punished, and this is further from the saying of the Salaf than any saying; they are closer in name yet farther in judgment. And although the Jahmiyya, in their saying that the sinful do not remain punished eternally, are closer in judgment to the Salaf, their statement regarding the designation of Islam and faith and their reality is farther from every saying of the Book and the Sunnah, and in it, there is reasoning and contradiction of the law and language, which is not found similar to it in others.
وَمِنْ مَاAnd among whatيَدُلُّindicatesمِنَofالْقُرْآنِthe Quranعَلَىonأَنَّthatالإِيْمَانَfaithالْمُطْلَقَthe absoluteمُسْتَلْزِمٌis necessitatedلِلْأَعْمَالِfor actionsقَوْلُهُis His sayingتَعَالَىMost High::إِنَّمَاIndeedيُؤْمِنُbelievesبِآيَاتِنَاby our signsالَّذِينَthose whoإِذَاwhenذُكِرُواthey are mentionedبِهَاwith itخَرُّواthey fallسُجَّدًاin prostrationوَسَبِّحُواand they glorifyبِحَمْدِwith praiseرَبِّهِمْof their Lordوَهُمْand theyلَاnotيَسْتَكْبِرُونَare arrogant[السَّجْدَةِ][As-Sajdah].. فَنَفَىSo He negatedالإِيْمَانَfaithعَنِfromغَيْرِothersهَـؤُلَاءِthan these, فَمَنْ, so whoeverكَانَwasإِذَاifذُكِرَmentionedبِالْقُرْآنِby the QuranلَاnotيَفْعَلُdoesمَاwhatفَرَضَهُAllah has commanded himاللّهُAllahعَلَيْهِon himمِنَfromالسُّجُودِprostrationلَمْnotيَكُنْbeمِنَamongالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believers, وَسُجُودُ, and the prostrationالصَّلَوَاتِof the prayersالْخَمْسِthe fiveفَرْضٌis obligatoryبِاتِّفَاقِby consensusالْمُسْلِمِينَof the MuslimsوَأَمَّاAnd as forسُجُودُthe prostrationالتِّلَاوَةِ, of recitation, فِيهِ, there is in itنِزَاعٌdispute, وَقَدْ, and it mayيُحْتَجُّbe arguedبِهَذِهِwith thisالْآيَةِverseمِمَّنْfrom those whoيُوْجِبُهَاmake it obligatory, لَكِنَّ, butلَيْسَit is notهَذَاthisمَوْضِعًاthe placeبَسْطٍto elaborate onهَذِهِthisالْمَسْأَلَةُissue, فَهَذِهِ, for thisالْآيَةُverseمِثْلُis likeقَوْلِهِHis sayingإِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoآمَنُواbelieveبِاللّهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerثُمَّthenلَمْnotيَرْتَابُواdoubtوَجَاهَدُواand striveبِأَمْوَالِهِمْwith their wealthوَأَنفُسِهِمْand their lives[الْحُجُورَاتِ: ١٥][Al-Hujurat: 15], وَقَوْلُهُ, and His sayingإِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoإِذَاwhenذُكِرَmentionedاللّهُAllahوَجِلَتْthe hearts trembleقُلُوبُهُمْtheir hearts[الْأَنْفَالِ: ٢][Al-Anfal: 2], وَقَوْلُهُ, and His sayingإِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoءَامَنُواhave believedبِاللّهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerوَإِذَاand whenكَانُواthey areمَعَwithأَنيtheirجَامِعَgroupلَمْnotيَذْهَبُواgoحَتَّىuntilيَسْتَأْذِنُوهُthey seek permission from him﴾ [النُّور: ٦٢]﴾ [An-Nur: 62], وَمِنْ, and amongذَٰلِكَthatقَوْلُهُHis sayingتَعَالَىMost High:: عَفَاForgiveاللّهُAllahعَنكَyouلَمْnotأَذَنتَhave you permittedلَهُمْfor themحَتَّىuntilيَتَبَيَّنَit becomes apparentلَكَto youالَّذِينَthose whoصَدَقُواwere truthfulوَتَعْلَمَand you knowالْكَاذِبِينَthe liars
And among what indicates from the Quran that absolute faith necessitates actions is His saying, the Most High: “Indeed, those who believe in our signs, when they are mentioned, they fall in prostration and glorify with praise of their Lord, and they are not arrogant [As-Sajdah].” So He negated faith from others than these. So whoever was mentioned by the Quran and does not do what Allah has commanded him regarding prostration, he is not among the believers. And the prostration of the five prayers is obligatory by consensus of Muslims. As for the prostration of recitation, there is a dispute over it, and it may be argued with this verse, but this is not the place to elaborate on this issue. For this verse is like His saying: “Indeed, the believers who believe in Allah and His Messenger, then do not doubt and strive with their wealth and their lives” [Al-Hujurat: 15], and His saying: “Indeed, the believers who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts tremble” [Al-Anfal: 2], and His saying: “Indeed, the believers who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, and when they are with their group, they do not go until they seek permission from him” [An-Nur: 62], and among that is His saying, the Most High: “Forgive Allah for you. Did you permit them until it is evident to you who were truthful, and you know the liars?”