هَـٰؤُلَـٰئِTheseوَقَالَAnd he saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighوَيَقُولُونَAnd they sayوَأَمَنَّاAnd we have believedبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَبِالرَّسُولِand in the Messengerوَأَطَعْنَاand we obeyedثُمَّThenيَتَوَلَّىa group turns awayفَرِيقٌa factionمِّنْهُمْfrom themمِنْafterبَعْدِafterذَٰلِكَthatوَمَاand notأُولَـٰئِكَthoseبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَwho are believers
And He said: 'And they say, 'We have believed in Allah and in the Messenger and we obeyed.' Then a group among them turns away after that, and they are not believers.'
وَالتَّوَلِّيAnd the turning awayهُوَisالتَّوَلِّيthe turning awayعَنْfromالطَّاعَةِobedienceكَمَاasقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighسَتَدْعَوْنَYou will be calledإِلَىtoقَوْمٍa peopleأُولِيof greatبَأْسٍmightشَدِيدٍintenseنُقَتِلُونَهُمْWe will kill themأَوْorيُسْلِمُونَthey will submitفَإِنْIfتُطِيعُواyou obeyيُؤْتِكُمُHe will give youاللَّـهُAllahأَجْرًاa rewardحَسَنًاgoodوَإِنْAnd ifتَتَوَلَّوْاyou turn awayكَمَاasتَوَلَّيْتُمyou turned awayمِّنْbeforeقَبْلُearlierيُعَذِّبَكُمْHe will punish youعَذَابًاwith a punishmentأَلِيمًاpainful
And the turning away is to turn away from obedience, as He said: 'You will be called to a people of great might; we will kill them or they will submit. If you obey, Allah will give you a good reward, but if you turn away as you turned away before, He will punish you with a painful punishment.'
وَقَالَAnd saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighفَلَاSo certainly notصَدَّقَbelievedوَلَاnorصَلَّىprayedوَلَـٰكِنbutكَذَّبَhe deniedوَتَوَلَّىand turned away
And He said: 'So certainly not he believed nor did he pray, but he denied and turned away.'
وَقَدْAnd indeedقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighلَاNoيَصْلَنَّهَاwill enter itإِلَّاexceptالأَشْقَىthe wretchedالَّذِيwhoكَذَّبَdeniedوَتَوَلَّىand turned away
And indeed He said: 'No one will enter it except the wretched who denied and turned away.'
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseقَالَsaidمُوسَىMosesوَهَارُونَand AaronإِنَّاIndeed, weقَدْhave certainlyأُوحِيَbeen revealedإِلَيْنَاto usأَنَّthatالْعَذَابَthe punishmentعَلَىis onمَنْwhoكَذَّبَdeniedوَتَوَلَّىand turned away
And likewise Moses and Aaron said: 'Indeed, we have been revealed that the punishment is on whoever denied and turned away.'
فَعُلِمَThus it is knownأَنَّthatالتَّوَلِّيthe turning awayلَيْسَis notهُوَtheالتَّكْذِيبَdenialبَلْbutهُوَisالتَّوَلِّيthe turning awayعَنْfromالطَّاعَةِobedienceفَإِنَّfor surelyالنَّاسَthe peopleعَلَيْهِمْupon themيَصْدُقُواto believe inالرَّسُولَthe Messengerفِيمَاin whatأَخْبَرَhe has informedوَيُطِيعُوهُand to obey himفِيمَاin whatأَمَرَhe has commandedوَضِدَّand againstالتَّصْدِيقِthe beliefالتَّكْذِيبَis denialوَضِدَّand againstالطَّاعَةِobedienceالتَّوَلِّيis turning awayفَلِهَذَاthereforeقَالَhe saidفَلَاSo certainly notصَدَّقَbelievedوَلَاnorصَلَّىprayedوَلَـٰكِنbutكَذَّبَhe deniedوَتَوَلَّىand turned away
Thus it is known that turning away is not the same as denial, but it is the turning away from obedience. For the people must believe in the Messenger in what he has informed and obey him in what he has commanded. And against belief is denial, and against obedience is turning away. Therefore, he said: 'So certainly not he believed, nor did he pray, but he denied and turned away.'
وَقَدْAnd indeedقَالَsaidتَعَالَىThe Most HighوَيَقُولُونَAnd they sayأٓمَنَّاwe have believedبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَبِالرَّسُولِand in the Messengerوَأَطَعْنَاand we obeyedثُمَّthenيَتَوَلَّىa group turns awayفَرِيقٌa factionمِّنْهُمْfrom themمِنْafterبَعْدِafterذَٰلِكَthatوَمَاand notأُولَـٰئِكَthoseبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَwho are believers
And indeed He said: 'And they say, 'We have believed in Allah and in the Messenger and we obeyed.' Then a group among them turns away after that, and they are not believers.
فَنَفَىSo he negatedالإِيمَانَthe faithعَمَّنfrom whoeverتَوَلَّىturned awayعَنْfromالْعَمَلِactionوَإِنand ifكَانَhe wasقَدْcertainlyأَتَىhe has comeبِالْقَوْلِwith the statementوَقَالَand saidتَعَالَىThe Most HighإِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoآمَنُواbelievedبِاللَّـهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His messengersوَإِذَاand whenكَانُواthey wereمَعَهُwith himعَلَىonأَمْرٍa matterجَامِعٍjointلَمْnotيَذْهَبُواthey goحَتَّىuntilيَسْتَأْذِنُوهُthey ask him for permission
So he negated the faith from whoever turned away from action, even if he has come with the statement. And He said: 'Indeed the believers are those who believed in Allah and His messengers; and when they were with him on a joint matter, they did not go until they asked him for permission.'
وَقَالَAnd he saidإِنَّمَاIndeedالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoإِذَاwhenذُكِرَwas mentionedاللَّـهُAllahوَجِلَتْand trembledقُلُوبُهُمْtheir hearts
And he said: 'Indeed, the believers are those who, when Allah was mentioned, their hearts trembled.'
فَفِيSo inالْقُرْآنِthe Quranوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnahمِنْofنَفْيِnegationالإِيمَانِof faithعَمَّنfrom whoeverلَمْdid notيَأْتِcomeبِالْعَمَلِwith actionمَوَاضِعَplacesكَثِيرَةٍmanyكَمَاasنَفَىnegatedفِيهَاin themالإِيمَانَthe faithعَنْfromالْمُنَافِقِthe hypocriteوَأَمَّاAnd as forالْعَالِمِthe scholarبِقَلْبِهِin his heartمَعَwithالْمُعَادَاةِoppositionوَالْمُخَالَفَةِand disobedienceالظَّاهِرَةِapparentفَهَذَاthis oneلَمْneverيُسَمَّbe calledقَطُّeverمُؤْمِنًاa believerوَعِندَand withالْجَهْمِيَّةِthe Jahmitesإِذَاifكَانَit wasالْعِلْمُknowledgeفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heartفَهُوَthen he isمُؤْمِنٌa believerكَامِلُfullالإِيمَانِof faithإِيمَانُهُhis faithكَإِيمَانِlike the faithالنَّبِيِّينَof the Prophetsوَلَوْeven ifقَالَhe saidوَعَمِلَand actedمَاذَاwhatعَسَىperhapsأَنْtoيَقُولَhe would sayوَيَعْمَلَand he would actوَلَاand notيَتَصَوَّرُit is imaginedعِندَهُمْwith themأَنْthatيُنْفَىit is negatedعَنْهُabout himالإِيمَانُthe faithإِلَّاexceptإِذَاifزَالَتْit was removedذَٰلِكَthatالْعِلْمُknowledgeمِنfromقَلْبِهِhis heart
So in the Quran and the Sunnah, there are many places where faith is negated from whoever did not come with action, just as faith was negated from the hypocrite. And as for the scholar in his heart with opposition and apparent disobedience, this one has never been called a believer, and with the Jahmites, if knowledge is in his heart, then he is a believer of complete faith, his faith is like the faith of the Prophets; even if he said and acted, what might he say and act? And it is not imagined with them that faith is negated from him except if that knowledge was removed from his heart.
ثُمَّThenأَكْثَرُmostالمُتَأَخِّرِينَof the later onesالَّذِينَwhoنَصَرُواsupportedقَوْلَthe sayingجَهْمٍof Jahmيَقُولُونَthey sayبِالِاسْتِثْنَاءِin exceptionفِيinالإِيمَانِfaithوَيَقُولُونَand they sayالْإِيمَانُthe faithفِيin the Shariahهُوَisمَاwhatيُوَافِيmatchesبِهِwithالْعَبْدِthe servantرَبَّهُhis Lordوَإِنْand ifكَانَit wasفِيinاللُّغَةِthe languageأَعْمَّmore generalمِنْthanذَٰلِكَthatفَجَعَلُواthen they madeفِيinمَسْأَلَةِthe matterالاِسْتِثْنَاءِthe exceptionمَسَمًّىthe termالْإِيمَانِfaithمَاwhatادَّعَوْاthey claimedأَنَّهُthat itمَسَمًّىthe termفِيin the Shariahوَعَدَلُواand they have deviatedعَنْfromاللُّغَةِthe languageفَهَلَاSo why notفَعَلُواthey didهَذَاthisفِيinالْأَعْمَالِthe actionsوَدَلَالَةِand proofالشَّرْعِthe Shariahعَلَىonأَنْthat
Then most of the later ones who supported the saying of Jahm say in exception in faith, and they say: 'The faith in the Shariah is what matches the servant with his Lord, and if it was more general in the language than that, then they made in the matter of exception the term of faith what they claimed was the term in the Shariah and deviated from the language. So why did they not do this in actions and the proof of the Shariah to that?