بِمَاwith whatيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىonأَنَّthatالرَّجُلَthe manلَاdoes notيُثْبِتُestablishلَهُfor himحُكْمَthe rulingالإِيمَانِof faithإِلَّاexceptبِالْعَمَلِby actionمَعَwithالتَّصْدِيقِthe belief.
This indicates that a man does not establish the ruling of faith except through action coupled with belief.
وَهَذَاAnd thisفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quranأَكْثَرُmoreبِكَثِيرٍabundantlyمِنْthanمَعْنَىthe meaningالصَّلَاةِof prayerوَالزَّكَاةِand almsgiving.
This is much more in the Quran than the meaning of prayer and almsgiving.
فَإِنَّForتِلْكَthoseإِنَّمَاonlyفَسَّرَتْهَاexplained itالسُّنَّةُthe Sunnah,
Because those are explained only by the Sunnah.
وَالْإِيمَانُAnd faithبَيَّنَis clarifiedمَعْنَاهُits meaningالْكِتَابُthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةُand the Sunnahوَإِجْمَاعُand the consensusالسَّلَفِof the predecessors.
And faith is clarified by the Book, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the predecessors.
الثَّانِيَ عَشَرَTwelfth:أَنَّهُthat itإِذَاifقِيلَit is said:إِنَّthatالشَّارِعَthe legislatorخَاطَبَaddressedالنَّاسَthe peopleبِلُغَةِin the languageالعَرَبِof the Arabs,
Twelfth: that if it is said that the legislator addressed the people in the language of the Arabs,
فَإِنَّمَاit is onlyخَاطَبَهُمْaddressed themبِلُغَتِهِمin their known language,الْمَعْرُوفَةِknown.
He addressed them in their known language.
وَقَدْAnd it hasجَرَىbeen customaryعَرَفَهُمtheir conventionأَنَّthatالِاسْمَthe nameيَكُونَisمُطْلَقًاunrestrictedوَعَامًّاand general,
And it has been customary in their convention that the name is unrestricted and general,
ثُمَّand thenيَدْخُلُit entersفِيهِinto itقَيْدٌa restrictionأَخَصُّmore specificمِنْthanمَعْنَاهُits meaning, كَمَا, asيَقُولُونَthey say:ذَهَبَHe wentإِلَىtoالْقَاضِيthe judgeوَالْوَالِيand the governorوَالأَمِيرِand the prince,
and then a more specific restriction enters into it, as they say: He went to the judge, the governor, and the prince,
يُرِيدُونَthey intendشَخْصًاa personمُعَيَّنًاspecificيَعْرِفُونَهُthey know.(۱)(1)دَلَّتْThis indicatesعَلَيْهِon himالْلَّامَthe definite articleمَعَwithمَعْرِفَتِهِمَاtheir knowledgeبِهِof him.
they intend a specific person they know. (1) This indicates the definite article with their knowledge of him.
وَهَذَاAnd thisالِاسْمُnameفِيinاللُّغَةِthe languageاسْمٌis a nameجِنْسٍof a genusلَاnotيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىonخُصُوصٍspecificشَخْصٍpersonوَأَمْثَالٍand similarذَٰلِكَthat,
And this name in the language is a name of a genus that does not indicate a specific person or similar things.
فَكَذَٰلِكَLikewise,الإِيمَانُfaithوَالصَّلَاةُand prayerوَ الزَّكَاةُand almsgivingإِنَّمَاonlyخَاطَبَهُمْHe addressed themبِهَذِهِwith theseالأَسْمَاءِnamesبِلَامِwith the definite articleالتَّعْرِيفِof definition,
Likewise, faith, prayer, and almsgiving are only addressed to them with these names with the definite article.
وَقَدْAnd He hasعَرَّفَهُمْmade it clear to themقَبْلَbeforeذَٰلِكَthatأَنَّthatالْمُرَادَthe intended meaningالإِيمَانَof faithالَّذِيwhichصِفَتُهُits descriptionكَذَاis such and such,وَكَذَٰلِكَand similarlyالدُّعَاءَthe supplicationالَّذِيwhichصِفَتُهُits descriptionكَذَاis such and such.
And He has made it clear to them before that the intended meaning of faith which is such and such, and similarly the supplication which is such and such.
فَبِتَقْدِيرِSo with the assumptionأَنَّthatيَكُونَisفِيinلُغَتِهِمtheir languageالتَّصْدِيقُthe belief,فَإِنَّهُindeed, itقَدْhasبَيَّنَclarifiedأَنَّهُthat itلَاnotيَكْتَفِيsufficeبِتَصْدِيقِwith the beliefالقَلْبِof the heartوَاللِّسَانِand the tongueفَضْلًاbesidesعَنْofتَصْدِيقِthe beliefالقَلْبِof the heartوَحْدَهُalone,
So with the assumption that it is in their language the belief, indeed, it has clarified that one must not suffice with the belief of the heart and the tongue, let alone just the belief of the heart alone,
بَلْbutلَا بُدَّit is necessaryأَنْtoيَعْمَلَactبِمُوجَبِin accordance withذَٰلِكَthatالتَّصْدِيقِbelief,كَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىthe Almighty:﴿إِنَّمَا"Indeed,الْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoآمَنُواbelievedبِاللَّهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger,ثُمَّthenلَمْdid notيَرْتَابُواdoubt."
but one must act in accordance with that belief, as in His saying the Almighty: "Indeed, the believers who believed in Allah and His Messenger, then did not doubt."
﴿إِنَّمَا"Indeed,المُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَwhoإِذَاwhenذُكِرَmentionedاللَّهُAllahوَجِلَتْand trembledقُلُوبُهُمْ﴾their hearts."
"Indeed, the believers who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts tremble."
[الْأَنْفَالِ: ٢][Al-Anfal: 2].
[Al-Anfal: 2].
وَفِيAnd inقَوْلِهِHis saying:«لَا"Do notتُؤْمِنُونَbelieve untilحَتَّىuntilتَكُونُواyou becomeكَذَا»such and such."
And in His saying: "Do not believe until you become such and such."
وَفِيAnd inقَوْلِهِHis saying:﴿لَا"Do notتَجِدُfindقَوْمًاa peopleيُؤْمِنُونَwho believeبِاللَّهِin Allahوَالْيَوْمِand the Dayالْآخِرِof Last.يُوَادُّونَThey supportمَنْwhomحَادَdisobeyedاللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُand His Messenger."
And in His saying: "You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day supporting those who oppose Allah and His Messenger."
﴿المُجَادَلَةِ: ٢٢][Al-Mujadila: 22].
[Al-Mujadila: 22].
وَفِيAnd inقَوْلِهِHis saying:﴿وَلَوْ"And ifكَانُواthey wereيُؤْمِنُونَbelievingبِاللَّهِin Allahوَالنَّبِيِّand the Prophetوَمَاand whatأُنزِلَwas revealedإِلَيْهِto himمَاthey would notاتَّخَذُوهُمْtake themأَوْلِيَاءَas allies."
And in His saying: "And if they were believing in Allah and the Prophet and what was revealed to him, they would not take them as allies."
﴿المَائِدَةِ: ٨١][Al-Ma'idah: 81].
[Al-Ma'idah: 81].
وَمَثَلُAnd similarهَذَاthisكَثِيرٌis muchفِيinالْكِتَابِthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnah,كَقَوْلِهِlike His sayingعَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلَامُpeace:لَاnotيَزْنِيcommit adulteryالزَّانِيُthe adultererحِينَwhenيَزْنِيhe commits adulteryوَهُوَand he isمُؤْمِنٌa believer.
And similar instances of this are many in the Book and the Sunnah, like His saying: "The adulterer does not commit adultery while he is a believer."
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying:«لَا"Do notيُؤْمِنُbelieveمَنْwho does notلَاnotيَأْمَنُfeel safeجَارَهُfrom his neighbor'sبَوَائِقِهِevil."وَأَمْثَالٌAnd instances likeذَٰلِكَthat.
And His saying: "A person does not believe until he is safe from his neighbor's evil." And instances like that.
فَقَدْThus,بَيَّنَit has been clarified to themلَهُمْto themأَنَّthatالتَّصْدِيقَbeliefالَّذِيwhichلَاnotيَكُونُit isالرَّجُلُa manمُؤْمِنًاa believerإِلَّاexceptبِهِwith it,
Thus, it has been clarified to them that the belief which a man does not become a believer except with it,
هُوَisأَنْthatيَكُونَisتَصْدِيقًاa beliefعَلَىin theهَذَاthisالْوَجْهِmanner,
is that it is a belief in this manner,
وَهَذَاand thisبَيَّنَhas been clarifiedفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quranوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnahمِنْwithoutغَيْرَany modificationتَغْيِيرٍof the languageوَلَاand notنَقْلٍtransferring it.
And this has been clarified in the Quran and the Sunnah without any modification of the language or transferring it.
(۱)(1)وَعَلَىAnd onهَامِشِthe marginالنُّسْخَةِof the copyالهِنْدِيَّةِIndian:صَوَابُهُits correctionمَعْرُوفًاknown.بِهِby it.كَمَاasفِيinنُسْخَةٍthe copyخَطِّيَّةٍmanuscript.
(1) And on the margin of the Indian copy: its correction is "known." as in the manuscript.