السَّنَةُthe yearفَمَذْهَبُthe doctrineالْجَبْرِيَّةُof Jabriyyahوُجُودُthe existenceالأَفْعَالِof actionsكُلَّهَاallبِالْقُدْرَةِby the powerالأَزَلِيَّةِthe eternalفَقَطُonlyمِنْwithoutغَيْرِcomparingمُقَارَنَةِthe abilityلَقُدْرَةِof an eventحَادِثَةٍoccurring
The doctrine of Jabriyyah is that the existence of all actions is solely by the eternal power, without the comparison to the power of an event.
وَمَذْهَبُand the doctrineالْقَدَرِيَّةُof Qadarismالأَفْعَالِof actionsالِاخْتِيَارِيَّةِof free willبِالْقُدْرَةِby the powerالْحَادِثَةِof an eventفَقَطُonlyمُبَاشَرَةًdirectly
And the doctrine of Qadarism is that the actions of free will are created directly by the power of events.
وُجُودٌexistenceوَتَوَلُّدٌand arising
Existence and arising
لَطِيفَةٌA subtle pointوَهِيَisأَنَّthatالإِمَامَthe ImamأَبَاAbuحَنِيفَةَHanifaرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُwith himنَاظَرَdebatedمُعْتَزِلِيًّاwith a Mu’tazili,,فَقَالَhe saidلَهُto himقَالَsaid,يَا, OفَقَالَHe saidقُلْSayحَاHa,,فَقَالَAnd he saidحَاHa,,فَقَالَAnd saidبَيْنَBetweenمَخْرَجِهَاits exit pointتَبَيَّنَهَاit clarifies itقَالَHe saidإِنَّIfكُنتَyou areخَالِقًاcreatorفِعْلَكَyour actionفَاخْرُجْthen bring outالْيَاءِthe Yaaمِنْfromمَخْرَجِthe exitالْحَاءِof the HaفَبُهْتَThen he was astonishedالْمُعْتَزِلِيِّthe Mu’taziliكَذَاThusذَكَرَهُreported itالْهَرَوِيُّAl-Harawi
A subtle point: Imam Abu Hanifa, may Allah be pleased with him, debated with a Mu’tazili; he said to him 'Say Ha', so he said 'Ha', then he said, 'Show me the exit of it.' He replied, 'If you are the creator of your action, bring out the Yaa from the exit of Ha,' and the Mu’tazili was astonished. This is how Al-Harawi reported it.
وَمَذْهَبُAnd the doctrineأَهْلِof the peopleالسُّنَّةِof Sunniنَصَرَهُمْmay He support themاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most Highوُجُودُexistenceالأَفْعَالِthe actionsكُلَّهَاall of themبِالْقُدْرَةِby the powerالأَزَلِيَّةِof the eternalلِأَنَّBecauseقُدْرَةَthe event's powerالْحَادِثِis an eventبِدُونِwithout effectتَأْثِيرٍinfluenceلَهَاfor itمُبَاشَرًاand does not ariseوَلَاand does notتَوَلُّدًاarise from a causeكَذَاThusفِيInالْمُقَدِّمَةِthe introductionالسُنُوسِيَّةِof the Sunusiyah.
And the doctrine of the people of Sunnah, may Allah support them, is the existence of all actions by the eternal power. Because the power of an event does not have a direct effect and does not arise from it, thus stated in the introduction of the Sunusiyah.
وَالْحَاصِلُAnd the essence::أَنَّis thatأَفْعَالُactionsالْعِبَادِof the servantsواقِعَةٌoccurredبِقُدْرَةِby the powerاللَّهِof Allahتَعَالَىthe Most HighوَكَسْبٌAnd the acquisitionالْعَبْدُof the servantعَلَىon theمَعْنَىmeaningأَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىthe Most Highأَجْرَىhas runعَادَتَهُhis customبِأَنْby thatالْعَبْدُthe servantإِذَاifصَمَّمَhe resolvesالْعَزْمَthe determinationأَيًّاwhichأَحْكَمَهُhe tightensعَلَىonفِعْلِactionالطَّاعَةِof obedienceيَخْلُقُHe createsاللَّهُAllahفِعْلَthe actionالطَّاعَةِof obedienceفِيهِin him,,وَإِذَاAnd ifعَزَمَhe intendsعَلَىtoالْمَعْصِيَةِthe disobedienceيَخْلُقُHe createsاللَّهُAllahفِعْلَthe actionالْمَعْصِيَةِof disobedienceفِيَهin himوَعَلَىAnd uponهَذَاthis::يَكُونُit would beالْعَبْدُthe servantكَالمَوْجِدِlike the one who createsلِفِعْلِهِfor his actionوَإِنْAnd ifلَمْnotيَكُنْhe isمَوْجُودًاexistingحَقِيقَةًin realityكَذَاThusذَكَرَهُreported itالْعَلَامَةُthe scholarالشَّارِحُthe commentatorوَتَمَامُهُand its completionهُنَاكَthere.
And the essence is that the actions of the servants occur by the power of Allah the Most High, and the acquisition of the servant is that Allah has established a custom that if the servant resolves to perform the action of obedience, Allah creates the action of obedience in him. If he intends to disobedience, Allah creates the action of disobedience in him. Thus, the servant would be like the one who originates his action while he is not truly existent; thus reported the scholar commentator, and its completion there.