يَضُرُّharmsمَعَwithالإِيْمَانِfaithذَنْبٌsinكَمَاasلَاnotيَنْفَعُbenefitsمَعَwithالكُفْرِdisbeliefطَاعَةٌobedience
A sin harms one's faith just as obedience does not benefit one with disbelief.
وَقَالَتْAnd she saidالْقَدَرِيَّةُthe Qadariyyahوَالْمُعْتَزِلَةُand the Mu'tazilah
And the Qadariyyah and the Mu'tazilah said
يَخْرُجُexitsبِهَاby itمِنَfromالإِيْمَانِfaithوَلَاand does notيَدْخُلُentersفِيintoالكُفْرِdisbeliefوَيَكُونُand may beبَيْنَbetweenالكُفْرِdisbeliefوَالْإِيْمَانِand faith
It exits one from faith and does not enter into disbelief, so one may be between disbelief and faith.
فَإِذَاSo ifتَابَhe repentsإِلَىtoاللهِGodوَرَجَعَand returnsعَنْهَاfrom itفَإِنَّهُthen heيَدْخُلُentersفِيintoحَيِّزِrealmالإِيْمَانِfaithقَبْلَbeforeالْمَوْتِdeath
So if he repents to God and returns from it, then he enters into the realm of faith before death.
فَإِذَاBut ifمَاتَhe diesقَبْلَbeforeأَنْthatيَتُوبَhe repentsمِنْهَاfrom itدَخَلَhe entersفِيintoحَيِّزِrealmالكُفْرِdisbeliefوَيَخْلُدُand he remains eternalفِيinالنَّارِthe fire
But if he dies before he repents from it, he enters into the realm of disbelief and remains eternal in the fire.
وَاحْتَجَّتْAnd she citedبِقَوْلِهِwith His sayingتَعَالَىthe Most High
And she cited His saying, the Most High,
(وَمَن(And whoeverيَقْتُلُkillsمُؤْمِنًاa believerمُتَعَمِّدًاintentionallyفَجَزَاؤُهُhis rewardجَهَنَّمُHellخَالِدًاeternalفِيهَاin it
(And whoever intentionally kills a believer, his reward is Hell, eternally therein)
وَأَخْبَرَAnd He informedاللهُGodتَعَالَىthe Most High
And God, the Most High, informed
أَنَّهُthat Heمُخَلَّدٌis eternalفِيinالنَّارِthe fireوَالْخُلْدُand the eternityالْمَقْطُوعُinterrupted
that He is eternal in the fire, and the eternity that is interrupted
إِنَّمَاIndeedنَقُولُwe sayلَهُمْto themإِنَّمَاIndeedقُلْتُمْyou saidوَاحْتَجَجْتُمْand you arguedبِهَذِهِwith thisالْآيَةِverseلَوْifغَادَتِكُمْit would have faced youوَمُخَالَفَتُكُمْand your oppositionلِلْإِجْمَاعِto the consensusفَلَوْSo ifسَاعَدَتْكُمْit helped youالسَّعَادَةُhappinessلَاnotتَبِعْتُمْyou would followوَمَاand whatابْتَدَعْتُمْyou innovatedوَمَاand whatخَالَفْتُمْyou opposedالْصَّحَابَةَthe companionsوَمِنْand fromبَعْدِهِمْafter themمِنْofأَهْلِpeopleالتَّفْسِيرِof interpretation
Indeed, we say to them, you only said and argued with this verse if it faced you and your opposition to the consensus; so if happiness had helped you, you would have followed what you innovated and opposed the companions and those after them from the people of interpretation.
أَجْمَعُواthey all agreedعَلَىonأَنْthatالْمُرَادَthe intentionبِالْآيَةِwith the verseاسْتِحْلاَلِthe permissibilityالْقَتْلِof killingوَهَكَذَاand soقَالَhe saidابْنُIbnعَبَّاسٍAbbasرَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُmay God be pleased with himوَهُوَand he isتَرْجُمَانٌthe interpreterالْقُرْآنِof the Quran
They all agreed that the intention of the verse is the permissibility of killing, and so said Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with him, and he is the interpreter of the Quran.
وَعَلَىAnd onهَذَاthisإِنَّاIndeedلَاnotنُسَلِّمُwe concedeأَنْthatالْخُلْدَeternityيُعَبِّرُis expressedبِهِby itعَنْaboutالْأَبَدِforeverوَإِنَّمَاbut ratherعَنْaboutطُولِlongnessالزَّمَانِof timeوَقَدand hasاجْتَمَعَتْagreed togetherعَلَىonهَذَاthisأَرْبَابُmastersاللِّسَانِof languageوَأَصْحَابُand the peopleالْبَيَانِof eloquence
And indeed we do not concede that eternity is expressed by it about forever but rather about the longness of time, and the masters of language and the people of eloquence have agreed on this.
لَأَنَّهُbecauseيُقَالُit is saidأَخْلَدَhe remained eternalفُلَانٌsuch and suchفِيinالْحَبْسِprisonإِذَاifطَالَit lasts longحَبْسُهُhis imprisonmentفِيَهin it
Because it is said that such and such remained eternal in prison if his imprisonment lasts long in it.
وَقَالَAnd saidاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىthe Most HighمُخْبِرًاinformingعَنْaboutبَلْعَمBalaamوَلَكِنَّهُBut heأَخْلَدَremained eternalإِلَىtoالْأَرْضِthe earth
And God, the Most High, informed about Balaam: But he remained eternal to the earth.