مُعَاقَبٌpunishedفِيinصَرْفٍdiversionالْاسْتِطَاعَةِcapabilityالَّتِيthatأَحْدَثَهَاwas createdاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىExaltedفِيهِin it
Punished in the diversion of the capability that God, Exalted, created in him.
وَأَمَرَهُAnd He commanded himبِأَنْtoيَسْتَعْمِلَهَاuse itفِيinالطَّاعَةِobedienceلَاnotفِيinالْمَعْصِيَةِthe disobedience
And He commanded him to use it in obedience, not in disobedience.
صَرْفَهَاto divert itإِلَىtoالْمَعْصِيَةِthe disobedienceلَاnotعَلَىonإِحْدَاثٍcreatingالْاسْتِطَاعَةِcapability
Diverting it to disobedience, not on creating capability.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisقُلْنَاwe saidالِاسْتِطَاعَةُcapabilityمَعَwithالْفِعْلِthe actionلَاnotقَبْلَهُbefore itوَلَاand notبَعْدَهُafter it
And for this we said that capability is with the action, not before it or after it.
لِأَنَّBecauseكُلَّeveryجُزْءٍpartمِنَofالْاسْتِطَاعَةِthe capabilityمُقَرُونٌis associatedبِكُلِّwith everyجُزْءٍpartمِنَofالْفِعْلِthe action
Because every part of the capability is associated with every part of the action.
وَقَالَتْAnd saidالْقَدَرِيَّةُthe Qadaritesالِاسْتِطَاعَةُthe capabilityقَبْلَbeforeالْفِعْلِthe actionوَهِيَand it isمَوْجُودَةٌexistentفِيinالْعَبْدِthe servantاِسْتَعْمَلَهَاused itكَيْفَhowشَاءَhe wished
And the Qadarites said that the capability is before the action, and it is existent in the servant; he used it as he wished.
قُلْنَاWe saidهَذَاthisيُوجِبُnecessitatesاسْتِغْنَاءًindependenceالْعَبْدِthe servantعَنْfromاللَّهِGodحَيْثُwhereيَخْتَارُhe choosesلِنَفْسِهِfor himselfمَاwhatشَاءَhe wishedوَالِاسْتِغْنَاءُand independenceعَنْfromاللَّهِGodكُفْرٌis disbelief
We said this necessitates the servant's independence from God, as he chooses for himself what he wishes, and independence from God is disbelief.
فَإِنْIfقِيلَit is saidنَحْنُweلَاnotنُنَفِّيdenyالْمَشِيئَةَthe willوَلَكِنَّbutنَقُولُwe sayالْمَشِيئَةُthe willعَلَىonنَوْعَيْنِtwo kindsمَشِيئَةٍwillخَبَرٍnewsوَمَشِيئَةٍand willتَفْوِيضٍdelegation
If it is said, we do not deny the will, but we say the will is of two kinds: the will of news and the will of delegation.
فَمَشِيئَةُSo the willالْخَبَرِof newsكَخَلْقٍlike the creationالسَّمَاوَاتِof the heavensوَالأَرْضِand the earthوَمَاand whatفِيهِمَاis in themوَمَاand whatبَيْنَهُمَاis between them
So the will of news is like the creation of the heavens and the earth, and what is in them and what is between them.
وَمَشِيئَةُAnd the willالتَّفْوِيضِof delegationمِثْلُlikeقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىExalted«"وَلَوْand ifشَاءَHe wishedاللَّهُGodلَجَعَلَكُمْHe would make youأُمَّةًa nationوَاحِدَةًoneوَلَكِنbutيُضِلُّHe misleadsمَنfromيَشَاءُHe willsوَيَهْدِيand guidesمَنfromيَشَاءُhe wills
And the will of delegation is like His saying, Exalted, "And if God wished, He would make you a single nation, but He misleads whom He wills and guides whom He wills."
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingوَلَوْAnd ifشَاءَHe wishedمَشِيئَةُthe willالْخَبَرِof newsأَيthat isلَوْifشَاءَHe wishedاللَّهُGodيُخْبِرُكُمHe informs youعَنْaboutالإِسْلَامِIslamوَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingوَلَكِنَّButيُضِلُّHe misleadsمَنfromيَشَاءُHe wills
And His saying, "And if God wished, He would inform you about Islam; but He misleads whom He wills."