تَعَالَىExaltedهُوَHe is
He is Exalted.
أَنَّThatالْعَبْدَthe servantوَنَقْصَانَهُand his deficiencyوَإِطْلَاقَand the useالْقُرْبِof closenessعَلَىuponالْكَرَامَةِhonorوَالْبُعْدِand distanceعَلَىuponالْهَوَانِhumiliationمَجَازٌis a metaphorمُرْسَلٌexpressedمِنْfromقَبِيلِthe typeإِطْلَاقِof expressingالسَّبَبِthe causeعَلَىuponالْمُسَبِّبِthe effect
That the servant and his deficiency, and the use of closeness upon honor and distance upon humiliation, is a metaphor expressed from the type of expressing the cause upon the effect.
(وَالْمُطِيعُ(And the obedient Oneقَرِيبٌis closeمِنْهُto Himبِلاَwithoutكَيْفَany manner)
(And the obedient One is close to Him without any manner)
لَيْسَIt is notقُرْبُهُHis closenessمِنَfromاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedمِنْbyطَرِيقَthe way ofقَصْرِthe shortening ofالْمَسَافَةِdistanceوَالْجِهَةِand direction
It is not His closeness from Allah Exalted by the way of shortening the distance and direction.
(وَالْعَاصِي(And the disobedientبَعِيدٌis farمِنْهُfrom Himبِلاَwithoutكَيْفَany manner)
(And the disobedient is far from Him without any manner)
أَيThat isلَيْسَIt is notبُعْدُهُHis distanceمِنَfromاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedمِنْbyطَرِيقَthe way ofطُولِlengthالْمَسَافَةِdistanceوَالْجِهَةِand direction
That is, it is not His distance from Allah Exalted by the way of lengthening distance and direction.
وَالْقُرْبُAnd closenessوَالْبُعْدُand distanceوَالإِقْبَالُand inclinationيَقَعُfallsعَلَىuponالْمُنَاجِي)the one who prays)
And closeness and distance and inclination falls upon the one who prays)
أَيThat isيَقَعُfallsعَلَىuponالْعَبْدِthe servantالْمُتَذَلِّلِwho humbles himselfلِلَّهِto AllahتَعَالَىExaltedالْمُتَضَرِّعِwho supplicatesإِلَيْهِto HimلَاnotعَلَىuponاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExalted
That is, it falls upon the servant who humbles himself to Allah Exalted, who supplicates to Him, not upon Allah Exalted.
أَلَاDo you not seeتَرَىthatأَنَّthatالْقُرْبُclosenessوَالْبُعْدُand distanceعَلَىuponمَعْنَىthe meaning ofالْكَرَامَةِhonorوَالْهَوَانِand humiliationوَأَنَّand thatاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىExaltedأَقْرَبُis closestإِلَىtoالْعَبْدِthe servantمِنْthanحَبْلِthe cordالْوَرِيدِof the jugular vein
Do you not see that closeness and distance are upon the meaning of honor and humiliation, and that Allah Exalted is closest to the servant than the cord of the jugular vein?
(وَكَذَلِكَ(And likewiseجُوَارُهُ)His proximity)أَيthat isمُجَاوَرَةٌbeing alongsideالْمُطِيعِthe obedientاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedفِيinالْجَنَّةِParadiseوَالْوُقُوفِand standingبَيْنَbetweenيَدَيَّMy handsاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExalted
(And likewise, His proximity) that is, being alongside the obedient to Allah Exalted in Paradise and standing between My hands of Allah Exalted.
أَيThat isبَيْنَbetweenيَدَيَّMy handsاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedبِلاَwithout(كَيْفِيَّةٌ(any mannerأَيThat isلَيْسَis notهَذَاthisعَلَىuponمَعْنَاهُits meaningالظَّاهِرِthe apparentبَلْbutمِنَfromالْمُتَشَابِهَاتِthe ambiguous
That is, between My hands of Allah Exalted without (any manner) that is not upon its apparent meaning but from the ambiguous.
قَالَSaidالإِمَامُthe ImamالْغَزَالِيُّAl-Ghazaliرَحِمَهُmay have mercyاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىExaltedالْقُرْبُClosenessمِنَofاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedفِيis inالْبُعْدِthe distanceمِنْfromصِفَاتِthe attributesالْبَهَائِمِthe animalsوَالْسَّبُعِand the beastsوَالتَّخَلُّقَand the embodimentبِمَكَارِمِthe nobleالْأَخْلَاقِcharacteristicsالَّتِيwhichهِيَareالْأَخْلَاقُthe characteristicsالْإِلَٰهِِيَّةُDivine
Said the Imam Al-Ghazali may have mercy on him, "Closeness of Allah Exalted is in the distance from the attributes of animals and the beasts, and the embodiment of the noble characteristics which are the Divine characteristics."
فَهُوَSo it isقُرْبٌclosenessبِالصِّفَةِby the attributeلَاnotبِالمَكَانِby the placeوَمَنْAnd whoeverلَمْhas notيَكُنbeقَرِيبًاcloseثُمَّthenصَارَhas becomeقَرِيبًاcloseفَقَدْthenتَغَيَّرَchangedأَيthat isتَبَدَّلَtransformedمِنَfromالشَّقَاوَةِmiseryإِلَىtoالسَّعَادَةِhappinessبِسَبَبِbecause ofحَسَنِgoodأَعْمَالِهِhis deedsبِالْوَقْفِby standingفِيهِin itوَيَكْفُرُand he disbelieves if he stands
So it is closeness by the attribute and not by the place. And whoever has not been close, then he has become close; he has changed, that is, transformed from misery to happiness because of his good deeds by standing in it, and he disbelieves if he stands.
وَخَبَرُAnd the reportالْمِعْرَاجِthe Ascensionحَقٌّis trueوَمَنْAnd whoever170170
And the report of the Ascension is true. And whoever 170