فَرْقٌDifferenceبَيْنَbetweenمَنْwhoيُؤْمِنُbelievesبِبَعْضِin someالْمُؤْمِنُbelieverبِهِin itوَبَيْنَand betweenمَنْwhoيَكْفُرُdisbelievesبِكُلِّin allالْمُؤْمِنُbelieverبِهِin itفِيinكَوْنِهَاits beingكَافِرِينَdisbelieversحَقًّاtruly(و(andالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersمَسْتَوُونَare equalفِيinالْإِيمَانِ)faith)
There is a difference between those who believe in some of what they believe and those who disbelieve in all that they believe, truly being disbelievers (and the believers are equal in faith).
بِحَسَبِaccording toالْمُؤْمِنِthe one believedبِهِin itكَمَاasأَمْرٌthe matter(وَالْتَّوحِيدِ)(and the oneness of God)أَيْthat isنَفْيٌnegationالشِّرْكِof polytheismفِيinالْأَلُوهِيَّةِdivinityوَالرُّبُوبِيَّةِand lordshipوَاخْلَاقِيَّةِand creationوَالْأَزَلِيَّةِand eternityوَالْقَدِيمَةِand ancientnessوَالْقِيُّومِيَّةِand self-sustainingوَالصَّمَدِيَّةِand self-sufficiency،,فَمَنْTherefore, whoeverنَفَىnegatesالشِّرْكَpolytheismفِيinبَعْضِهَاsome of themدُونَwithoutبَعْضٍsomeفَهُوَhe isمُشْرِكٌa polytheistلَاnotمُوحِّدٌa unitary believer،,فَلَاso does not
According to what one believes, the oneness means the negation of polytheism in divinity, lordship, creation, eternity, ancientness, self-sustaining, and self-sufficiency. Therefore, whoever negates polytheism in some of them without others is polytheist, not monotheist.
فَلَاSo does notيَزِيدُincreasesالتَّوْحِيدَthe onenessوَلَاnorيَنْقُصُdiminishesمِنْfromهَذَاthisالْوَجْهُaspect،,أَمَّاAs forمَنْwhoوَجَّهَtriedالتَّقْلِيدَthe imitationوَالْاسْتِدْلاَلَand reasoningفَيَزِيدُit increasesوَيَنْقُصُand diminishes،,وَلَيْسَand is notتَوْحِيدٌthe onenessالْمُسْتَدَلُّof the reasonedبِالْأَدِلَّةِby proofsالْعَقَلِيَّةِrationalكَتَوْحِيدِlike the onenessالْعارِفِthe knowerالْوَاصِلِthe one who reachesإِلَىtoالْمُكَاشَفَاتِthe revelationsوَالْمُشَاهَدَاتِand visionsوَالْمَعَارِفِand divine knowledgeالإِلَهِيَّةِof Godوَالْعُلُومِand knowledgeالدِّينِيَّةِreligious
So, it does not increase nor decrease the oneness; as for the one who tries imitation and reasoning, it increases and decreases. And the oneness of the reasoned by rational proofs is not like the oneness of the knower who reaches the revelations, visions, and divine knowledge.
وَهَذَاAnd thisيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىonأَنَّthatالْعَمَلَthe workالصَّالِحَthe righteousلَيْسَis notجُزْءًاa partمِنْofالْإِيمَانِfaithلِأَنَّbecauseالْعَمَلَthe workيَزِيدُincreasesوَيَنْقُصُand decreasesلِأَنَّbecauseبَعْضٌsomeالنَّاسِpeopleيُصَلِّيpraysالصَّلَوَاتِthe prayersالْخَمْسَfiveكُلَّهَاallوَبَعْضُهُمْand some of themيُصَلِّيpraysبَعْضَهَاsome of themوَصَلَوَاتٌand prayersمِنْfromصَلَّىprayingبَعْضَهَاsome of themصَلَوَاتٌprayersصَحِيحَةٌvalidلَاnotبَاطِلَةٌinvalid،,وَصَوْمٌand the fastمِنْwhoصَامَfastedرَمَضَانَRamadanكُلَّهُallصَوْمٌis a fastصَحِيحٌvalidالإِسْلَامُIslam،,وَالْإِيمَانُand faithوَالْدِّينُand religion،,وَصَوْمٌand fastingمِنْهُfrom himإِضْلَالَهُmisleadingخَذْلَانَهُabandoning himوَتَفْسِيرٌand explainingالْخَذْلَانِof abandonmentأَنَّthatلَاnotيُوَفَّقُis successfulالْعَبْدُthe servantإِلَىtoمَاwhatيَرْضَاهُpleases himعَنْهُfrom himوَهُوَand he isعَدْلٌJustمِنْهُfrom himوَكِذَاand likewiseعُقُوبَةٌthe penaltyالْمَخْذُولِof the abandonedعَلَىon
And this indicates that righteous work is not a part of faith because work increases and decreases, because some people pray all five prayers and some of them pray some of them, and the prayers of those who prayed some are valid, not invalid. The fast of whoever fasted all of Ramadan is a valid fast of Islam, faith, and religion. And fasting, from him, is a misleading and abandoning or lack of success of the servant to what pleases Him, and He is just from him. Likewise, the penalty of the abandoned is on him.