اَلْفَسَادُCorruptionوَقَالَAnd saidاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىMost HighوَلَاAnd notيَرْضَىHe is pleasedلِعِبَادِهِfor His servantsالْكُفْرُkufr (disbelief)
Corruption. And said God, the Most High: 'And He does not please for His servants disbelief.'
وَقَالَAnd saidاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىMost HighقُلْSayإِنَّIndeedاللَّهَGodلَاdoes notيَأْمُرُcommandبِالْفَحْشَاءِwith immorality
And God, the Most High, said: 'Say, indeed, God does not command immorality.'
أَيُّThat isالْقَبِيحُthe uglyمِنَofالْكُفْرِkufr (disbelief)وَالْمَعَاصِيand sins
That is the ugly of disbelief and sins.
وَقَالَAnd saidالْمُصَنَّفُthe authorرَحِمَهُ اللَّهُmay Allah have mercy on himفِيinكِتَابِthe bookالْوَصِيَّةِof wills
And said the author, may Allah have mercy on him, in the book of wills:
فَقَدْIndeedبَانَit has been clearأَنَّthatالْأَعْمَالَthe deedsثَلاثَةٌthreeفَرِيضَةٌmandatoryوَظِيفَةٌtaskوَمَعْصِيَةٌand a sin
Indeed, it has been clear that deeds are three: a mandatory, a virtue, and a sin.
فَالْفَرِيضَةُSo the mandatory deedبِأَمْرِby the commandاللَّهِGodتَعَالَىMost Highوَمَشِيئَتِهِand His willوَمَحَبَّتِهِand His loveوَرِضَاهُand His satisfactionوَقَضَائِهِand His decreeوَقَدْرِهِand His preordainmentوَتَخْلِيقِهِand His creationوَحُكْمِهِand His judgmentوَعِلْمِهِand His knowledgeوَتَوْفِيقِهِand His successوَكِتَابَتِهِand His writingفِيinالْلَّوْحِthe tabletالْمَحْفُوظِpreserved
So the mandatory deed is by the command of God, the Most High, and His will, and His love, and His satisfaction, and His decree, and His preordainment, and His creation, and His judgment, and His knowledge, and His success, and His writing in the preserved tablet.
وَالتَّفْضِيلَةُAnd virtueلَيْسَتْis notبِأَمْرِby the commandاللَّهِGodوَلَكِنْbutبِمَشِيئَتِهِby His willوَبِمَحَبَّتِهِand by His loveوَبِرِضَاهُand by His satisfactionوَقَدْرِهِand by His preordainmentوَحُكْمِهِand by His judgementوَعِلْمِهِand by His knowledgeوَتَوْفِيقِهِand by His successوَتَخْلِيقِهِand by His creationوَكِتَابَتِهِand by His writingفِيinالْلَّوْحِthe tabletالْمَحْفُوظِpreserved
And virtue is not by the command of God, but by His will, and by His love, and by His satisfaction, and by His preordainment, and by His judgment, and by His knowledge, and by His success, and by His writing in the preserved tablet.
وَالمَعْصِيَةُAnd sinلَيْسَتْis notبِأَمْرِby the commandاللَّهِGodوَلَكِنْbutبِمَشِيئَتِهِby His willلَاnotبِمَحَبَّتِهِby His loveوَبِقَضَائِهِand by His decreeلَاnotبِرِضَاهُby His satisfactionوَبِتَقْدِيرِهِand by His preordainmentوَتَخْلِيقِهِand by His creationلَاnotبِتَوْفِيقِهِby His successوَبِخَذْلَانِهِand by His abandonmentوَعِلْمِهِand by His knowledgeوَكِتَابَتِهِand by His writingفِيinالْلَّوْحِthe tabletالْمَحْفُوظِpreserved
And sin is not by the command of God, but by His will, not by His love, and by His decree, not by His satisfaction, and by His preordainment, and by His creation, not by His success, and by His abandonment, and by His knowledge, and by His writing in the preserved tablet.
اعْلَمْKnowأَنَّthatالمَعَاصِيsinsنَوْعَانِare of two typesكَبَائِرُmajor sinsوَصَغَائِرُand minor sinsأَمَّاAs forالكَبَائِرُthe major sinsفَهِيَthey areتِسْعٌnineقَالَSaidصَفْوَانُSafwanابْنُibnعَسَّالٍAssalقَالَSaidيَهُودِيٌّa Jewلِصَاحِبِهِto his companionاذْهَبْGoبِنَاwith usإِلَىtoهَذَاthisالنَّبِيِّprophetفَقالَSo he saidلَهُto himصَاحِبَهُhis companionلَاDo notتَقُلْsayنَبِيٌّProphetإنَّهُIndeedلَوْifحَسَنَاتِنَاour good deedsمَقْبُولَةٌare acceptedوَسَيِّئَاتِنَاand our evilsمَغْفُورَةٌare forgivenكَقَوْلِlike the sayingالْمُرْجِئَةِof the Murji’ahوَلَكِنَّاbut we sayنَقُولُwe sayمَنْwhoعَمِلَperformedحَسَنَةًa good deedبِجَمِيعِwith allشَرَائطِهَاits conditionsخَالِيَةًfreeمِنَfromالْعُيُوبِthe defectsالْمُفْسِدَةِthat corruptوَلَمْand notيُبْطِلْهَاinvalidate itبِالْكُفْرِwith disbeliefوَالرَّدَّةِand apostasyوَالْأَخْلَاقِand the moralsالسَّيِّئَةِbadحَتَّىuntilخَرَجَhe went out
Know that sins are of two types: major and minor. As for the major sins, they are nine. Safwan ibn Assal said: A Jew said to his companion, 'Go with us to this prophet.' His companion said to him, 'Do not say prophet.' If our good deeds are accepted and our evils are forgiven like the saying of the Murji’ah, but we say: Whoever performed a good deed with all its conditions, free from corrupt defects, and did not invalidate it with disbelief and apostasy and bad morals until he performs.