fiqh al akbar

Page 13

فَصْلٌsectionفِيaboutبَيَانٌstatementاخْتِلَافٌdifferenceمَعَانٍmeaningsالإِيمَانُfaithوَالْإِسْلَامُand Islam

A section about the difference in the meanings of faith and Islam.

ثُمَّThenاخْتَلَفُواthey disagreedفِيinالْإِيمَانِfaithوَالْإِسْلَامِand Islam

Then they disagreed about faith and Islam.

قَالَSome saidبَعْضُهُمsome of themهُمَاthey areواحِدٌone

Some of them said they are one.

لِقَوْلِهِDue to His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is HeوَمَنAnd whoeverيَبْتَغِيseeksغَيْرَother thanالإِسْلَامِIslamدِينًاa religionفَلَنْhe will notيُقْبَلَacceptمِنْهُfrom him

Due to His saying, 'And whoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will not be accepted from him.'

وَقَالَAnd some saidبَعْضُهُمsome of themهُمَاthey areمُتَغَايِرَانِtwo different

And some said they are different.

لِقَوْلِهِDue to His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is Heقَالَتِsaidالأَعْرَابُthe Bedouinsآمَنَّاwe believeقُلْSayلَمْnotتُؤْمِنُواyou have believedوَلَكِنْbutقُولُواsayأَسْلَمْنَاwe have submitted

Due to His saying, 'The Bedouins said, 'We have believed.' Say, 'You have not believed; but say, 'We have submitted.''

فَقَدْSo it is knownعُلِمَit is knownتَغَايُرٌthe differenceبَيْنَbetweenالإِسْلَامِIslamوَالْإِيمَانِand faith

So it is known that there is a difference between Islam and faith.

إِلَّاExceptأَنْthatالأَصَحُّthe correct viewمَاwhatقَالَsaidأَبُوAbuمَنْصُورٌMansurالمَاتْرِيدِيُّAl-MaturidiإِنَّIndeedالإِسْلَامَIslamمَعْرِفَةٌis the knowledgeاللَّهَof AllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heبِلاَwithoutكَيْفٍa howوَمَحَلُّهَاand its placeالصُّدُورُis the chests

Except that the correct view is what Abu Mansur Al-Maturidi said: 'Indeed, Islam is the knowledge of Allah, Exalted is He, without a how, and its place is the chests.'

مُصَادَقَةٌAnd confirmationلِقَوْلِهِdue to His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is HeأَفَمَنْIs he whoشَرَحَhas openedاللَّهُAllahصَدْرَهُhis chestلِلْإِسْلَامِto Islamفَهُوَis heعَلَىonنُورٌa lightمِنْfromرَبِّهِhis Lord

And confirmation is due to His saying, 'Is he who has opened his chest to Islam, is he on a light from his Lord?'

وَالْإِيمَانُAnd faithمَعْرِفَةٌis the knowledgeاللَّهَof AllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heبِالْأَلُوهِيَّةِby divinity

And faith is the knowledge of Allah, Exalted is He, by divinity.

وَمَحَلُّهُAnd its placeالْقَلْبُis the heartلِقَوْلِهِdue to His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is HeوَلَكِنَّAnd yetاللَّهَAllahحَبَّبَhas made belovedإِلَيْكُمْto youالْإِيمَانَfaithوَزَيَّنَهُand adorned itفِيinقُلُوبِكُمْyour hearts

And its place is the heart, due to His saying, 'But Allah has made faith beloved to you and adorned it in your hearts.'

وَالْقَلْبُAnd the heartدَاخِلُis insideالصَّدْرِthe chestوَالْمَعْرِفَةُAnd the knowledgeمَعْرِفَةٌis the knowledgeاللَّهَof Allahبِصِفَاتِهِby His attributesوَمَحَلُّهَاand its placeالْفُؤَادُis the heartوَهُوَand it isدَاخِلُis insideالْقَلْبِthe heart

And the heart is inside the chest, and knowledge is the knowledge of Allah, by His attributes, and its place is the heart, and it is inside the heart.

(وَالْتَّوحِيدُ)(And the oneness)مَعْرِفَةٌis the knowledgeاللَّهَof AllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heبِالْوَحْدَانِيَّةِby onenessوَمَحَلُّهُand its placeالسِّرُّis the secretوَهُوَand it isدَاخِلُis insideالْفُؤَادِthe heart

(And the oneness) is the knowledge of Allah, Exalted is He, by oneness, and its place is the secret, and it is inside the heart.

وَهَذَاAnd thisمَعْنَىis the meaningقَوْلِهِof His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is HeمَثَلُlikeنُورِهِHis lightكَمِشْكَاةٍlike a nicheفِيهَاin itمِصْبَاحٌis a lampالمِصْبَاحُthe lamp....

And this is the meaning of His saying, 'His light is like a niche in which is a lamp.'

جَعَلَHe madeاللَّهُAllahالصَّدْرَthe chestبِمَنْزِلَةِlike the statusالْمِشْكَاةِof the nicheوَالْقَلْبَand the heartبِمَنْزِلَةِlike the statusالزُّجَاجَةِof the glassوَالْفُؤَادَand the heartبِمَنْزِلَةِlike the statusالْمِصْبَاحِof the lampوَالْسِّرَّand the secretبِمَنْزِلَةِlike the statusالشَّجَرَةِof the treeوَدَاخِلَAnd insideالسِّرِّthe secretمَوْضِعٌplaceيُقَالُis saidلَهُto itخَفِيٌّhiddenوَهُوَand it isمَوْضِعٌplaceنُورٌof the lightالهِدَايَةِof guidanceوَلَاAnd there is noصَنْعٌworkلِلْعَبْدِfor the servantفِيهُin itسِوَىexcept

Allah has made the chest like the status of the niche, and the heart like the status of the glass, and the heart like the status of the lamp, and the secret like the status of the tree, and inside the secret is a place that is said to be hidden, and it is a place of the light of guidance, and there is no work for the servant in it, except.