هَذَاthisالْوَجْهُfaceفَإِنَّهُمْthen theyرَدُّواreturnedالْأُصُولَthe principlesلِجَهْلِهِمْfor their ignoranceبِالْصَّفَاتِabout the attributes
This is the case because they have returned to the principles due to their ignorance of the attributes.
(وَغَضَبُهُ(and His angerوَرِضَاهُand His pleasureصِفَتَانare two attributesمِنْofصِفَاتِهِHis attributesتَعَالَىExalted is Heبِلاَwithoutكَيْفَhow
(And His anger and His pleasure are two attributes of His attributes, Exalted is He, without how.)
أَيthat isبِلاَwithoutبَيَانٍclarificationالْكَيْفِيَّةِthe mannerفَإِنَّforكَيْفِيَّتَهَاits mannerمَجْهُولَةٌunknownلِأَنَّbecauseغَضَبَهُHis angerوَرِضَاهُand His pleasureلاdoes notيُشْبِهُresembleبِغَضَبِنَاour angerوَرِضَانَاand our pleasure
That is, without clarification of how, because His anger and His pleasure do not resemble our anger and pleasure.
فَإِنَّForالْغَضَبَangerمِنَّاfrom usغَلْيَانٌboilingدَمِbloodالْقَلْبِof the heartوَالْرِّضَاand pleasureامْتِلَاءٌis the fullnessالِاخْتِيَارِof choiceحَتَّىuntilيُفْضِيit leadsإِلَىtoالظَّاهِرِthe apparentفَهُمَاboth areمِنَofالْكَيْفِيَّاتِthe qualitiesالنَّفْسَانِيَّةِpsychologicalكَالفَرَحِlike joyوَالسُّرُورِand happinessوَالْعِشْقِand passionوَالتَّعَجُّبِand wonderفَإِنَّforكُلَّهَاall of themتَابِعٌare dependentلِلْمِزَاجِon the temperamentالْمُسْتَلْزِمِimplyingلِلْتَّرْكِيبِfor the compositionالْمُنَافِيthat contradictsلِوُجُوبِto the necessity ofالذَّاتِthe essence
For anger from us is the boiling of the heart's blood, and pleasure is the fullness of choice until it leads to the apparent; both are of the psychological qualities, like joy, happiness, passion, and wonder, for all of them are dependent on the temperament that implies a composition contradicting the necessity of the essence.
(خَلَقَ(He createdاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heالأَشْيَاءَthe thingsلَاnotمِنْfromشَيْءٍa thingيَعْنِيmeaningخَلَقَcreatedاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heالْمَوْجُودَاتِthe existentsكُلُّهَاall of themلَاnotمِنْfromمَادَّةٍmatter
(He created Allah, Exalted is He, the things, not from anything.)
وَكَانَAnd He wasاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىExalted is HeعَالِمًاKnowingفِيinالْأَزَلِthe eternalityبِالْأَشْيَاءِof the thingsقَبْلَbeforeكَوْنِهَاtheir being)أَي(that isقَبْلَbeforeحُدُوثِهَاits occurrence
And Allah, Exalted is He, was Knowing in the eternality of the things before their being (that is, before their occurrence).
(وَهُوَ(And He isالَّذِيthe one whoقَدَّرَordainedالأَشْيَاءَthe thingsوَقَضَاهَاand decreed themتَعْلِيلٌThis is an explanationلِلْقَوْلِfor the statementالسَّابِقِpreviousوَالْوَاوُand the 'waw'الأَوَّلُthe firstلِلْحَالِfor the stateفَكَأَنَّهُas if he saidقَالَhe saidوَكَيْفَand howلَاnotيَكُونُbe
(And He is the one who ordained the things and decreed them; this is an explanation for the previous statement, and the first 'waw' is for the state, as if he said: And how can it not be that He exists in eternality and knows all things before their occurrence?
وَالْحَالُAnd whileأَنَّهُthat HeتَعَالَىExalted is Heهُوَis Heالَّذِيthe one whoقَدَّرَordainedالأَشْيَاءَthe thingsوَقَضَاهَاand decreed themوَتَقْدِيرُAnd the ordainmentالأَشْيَاءِof the thingsوَقَضَاؤُهَاand decreeing themلَاnotيَكُونُbeإِلَّاexceptقَبْلَbeforeوُقُوعِهَاits occurrence
And while He is the one who ordained the things and decreed them, and the ordainment of the things and their decreeing can only be before their occurrence.
وَالْقَضَاءُAnd decreeمُؤْمِنًاbelievingوَلَاand notكَافِرًاdisbelievingوَلَـٰكِنbutخَلَقَهُمْHe created themأَشْخَاصًاas individualsوَالْإِيمَانُand faithوَالْكُفْرُand disbeliefفِعْلٌis an actionالْعِبَادُof the servantsوَيَعْلَمُAnd He knowsاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىExalted is Heمَنْwhoيَكْفُرُdisbelievesفِيinحَالِconditionكُفرِهِof his disbeliefكَافِرٌdisbelieverفَإِذَاAnd ifآمَنَhe believesبَعْدَafterذَلِكَthatعَلِمَهُHe knows himمُؤْمِنًاbelievingفِيinحَالِconditionإِيمَانِهِof his beliefوَأَحَبَّهُand He loves himمِنْfromغَيْرِother than۱۲۲
And decree is neither believing nor disbelieving, but He created them as individuals, and faith and disbelief are actions of the servants. And He knows who disbelieves in his state of disbelief; and if he believes after that, He knows him as a believer in his state of belief, and He loves him without any other (conditions).