وَيْنَهَـمُAnd He stops them
And He stops them.
وَلَمَّاAnd whenبَيَّنَHe explainedالإِمَامُthe Imamالأَعْظَمُthe Greatالأَمْرَthe matterفِيinصِفَةٍthe descriptionالْكَلَامِof speechمِنْthat itأَنَّهُit does notلَاnotيَتَوَقَّفُstopعَلَىonحُصُولِthe existenceالْمُخَاطَبِof the addressedأَرَادَHe wantedأَنْtoيُبَيِّنَexplainالأَمْرَthe matterفِيinسَائِرِall otherالصِّفَاتِthe attributesكَذَلِكَlikewiseدَفْعًاto eliminateلِتَوَهُّمِthe misconceptionاخْتِصَاصِthe specificityهَـذَاthisالْحُكْمَrulingبِصِفَةِregarding the attributeالْكَلَامِof speech
And when the Great Imam explained the matter regarding the attribute of speech, that it does not stop on the existence of the addressed, he wanted to explain the matter in all other attributes likewise, to eliminate the misconception of the specificity of this ruling regarding speech.
فَقَالَHe said(وَقَدْ(And indeedكَانَwasاللَّهُAllahخَالِقًاthe Creatorفِيinالأَزَلِeternityوَلَمْand He did notيَخْلُقْcreateالْخَلْقَthe creation
He said, "And indeed Allah was the Creator in eternity and did not create the creation."
وَاكْتَفَىAnd He was sufficientبِالصِّفَةِwith the attributeالْفِعْلِيَةِthe activeوَلَمْand He did notيَذْكُرْmentionغَيْرَهَاother than itمِنْofالصِّفَاتِthe attributesالذَّاتِيَةِthe essentialلِأَنَّbecauseتَوَقُّفَthe dependenceالصِّفَةِof the attributeالْفِعْلِيَةِactiveعَلَىonوُجُودِthe existenceالْمُتَعَلِّقِthe relatedأَظْهَرَis more apparentمِنْthanالصِّفَةِthe characteristicالذَّاتِيَةِessentialفَيُعْلَمُand it is knownحَالَthe stateالصِّفَةِof the attributeالذَّاتِيَةِthe essentialبِالطَّرِيقِby the first wayالأُولَىfirst
And He was sufficient with the active attribute and did not mention other than it from the essential attributes, because the dependence of the active attribute on the existence of the related is more apparent than the essential attribute, thus the state of the essential attribute is known by the first way.
وَاخْتَارَAnd He choseمِنَfromالصِّفَاتِthe attributesالْفِعْلِيَةِactiveالتَّخْلِيقَcreationلِأَنَّهَاbecause it isأَعْمُّmore generalلِوُجُودِهَاfor its existenceفِيwithinضَمْنِeachكُلِّof allصِفَةٍattributesوَلَمَّاAnd whenدَفَعَHe eliminatedالْوَهْمَthe misconceptionعَادَHe returnedإِلَىtoتَحْقِيقِthe affirmationمَاwhatهُوَHe isبِصَدَدِهِregarding it
And He chose from the active attributes creation, because it is more general for its existence within all attributes. And when He eliminated the misconception, He returned to affirm what He was regarding.
فَقَالَSo He said(فَلَمَّا(So whenكَلَّمَspokeاللَّهُAllahمُوسَىMosesكَلَّمَهُHe spoke to himبِكَلَامِهِwith His speechالَّذِيwhichهُوَisلَهُfor Himصِفَةٌattributeفِيinالأَزَلِeternity
So He said, "So when Allah spoke to Moses, He spoke to him with His speech which is an attribute for Him in eternity."
لِأَنَّBecauseكَلَامَهُHis speechأَزَلِيٌّis eternalأَبَدِيٌّand everlastingلَاnotيَتَغَيَّرُchangeوَلَاand notيَتَبَدَّلُis replaced
Because His speech is eternal and everlasting. It does not change nor does it get replaced.
وَلَمَّاAnd whenلَمْdid notتَشَبَّهَتْresembleصِفَاتُهُHis attributesتَعَالَىGlorifiedصِفَاتُthe characteristicsالْخَلْقِof creationكَمَاasلَاnotتَشَبَّهَتْresembleذَاتُهُHis essenceتَعَالَىGlorified
And when His attributes do not resemble the attributes of creation, just as His essence is glorified and does not resemble the essence of creation.
قَالَThe Great Imam saidالإِمَامُthe Imamالأَعْظَمُthe Greatest(وَصِفَاتُهُ(And His attributesكُلَّهَاall areذَاتِيَّةٌessentialكَانَتْwereأَوْorفِعْلِيَّةٌactive(بِخِلَافِ(as opposed toصِفَاتِthe attributesالْمَخْلُوقِينَof created beings
The Great Imam said, "And His attributes are all essential or active, as opposed to the attributes of created beings."
وَذَٰلِكَAnd thisلِأَنَّهُbecauseتَعَالَىHe is Glorified(يَعْلَمُ(He knowsلَاnotصِفَاتُهُHis attributesفِيinالأَزَلِeternityبِلَاwithoutكَيْفَhowيَعْلَمُHe knowsاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىis Glorifiedالْمَعْدُومَthe nonexistentفِيinحَالِthe stateعَدَمِهِof its nonexistenceمَعْدُومًاis nonexistentوَيَعْلَمُand He knowsأَنَّهُthat itكَيْفَhowيَكُونُit will beإِذَاifأَوْجَدَهُHe created itوَيَعْلَمُand He knowsاللَّهُAllahالْمَوْجُودَthe existentفِيinحَالِthe stateوُجُودِهِof its existenceمَوْجُودًاis existentوَيَعْلَمُand He knowsأَنَّهُthat itكَيْفَhowيَكُونُit will be
And this is because He is Glorified. He knows not His attributes in eternity without how. Allah knows the nonexistent in the state of its nonexistence that it is nonexistent; and He knows how it will be if He creates it. And Allah knows the existent in the state of its existence that it is existent; and He knows how it will be.