وَكَانَAnd he wasقَدْindeedاَسْتَخَارَchoosing wiselyٱللَّّهَAllahوَعَلِمَand knewأَنَّthatمِنْfromسَعَادَةِthe happiness ofابْنِthe son ofآدَمَAdamاِسْتِخَارَتِهِhis seeking guidanceلِلَّهِfrom Allahوَرِضَاهُand his contentmentبِمَاwith whatقَدَّرَdecreesلَهُfor himكَانَwasقَدْindeedرَضِيَpleasedبِمَاwith whatهُوَhe isخَيْرٌbetterلَهُfor him
And he indeed sought guidance from Allah and knew that from the happiness of the son of Adam was his seeking guidance from Allah and contentment with what has been decreed for him.
وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالصَّحِيحِthe authenticعَنْfromعَلِيٍّAliقَالَhe saidإِنَّindeedٱللَّّهَAllahيَقْضِيdecreesبِالْقَضَاءِby destinyفَمَنSo whoeverرَضِيَis pleasedفَلَهُthen for himالرِّضَاis the contentmentوَمَنand whoeverسَخِطَis displeasedفَلَهُthen for himالسَّخَطُis the displeasure
And in the authentic hadith from Ali, he said: "Indeed, Allah decrees by the decree, so whoever is pleased will have contentment and whoever is displeased will have displeasure."
فَفِيSo inهَذَاthisالْحَدِيثِhadithالرِّضَاcontentmentوَالاِسْتِخَارَةِand seeking guidanceفَالْرِّضَاthe contentmentبَعْدَafterالْقَضَاءِthe decreeوَالاِسْتِخَارَةُand seeking guidanceقَبْلَbeforeالْقَضَاءِthe decree
So in this hadith, contentment and seeking guidance: contentment comes after the decree and seeking guidance is before the decree.
وَهَذَاAnd thisأَكْمَلُis more completeمِنَthanالرِّضَاcontentmentوَandالصَّبْرِpatience
And this is more complete than contentment and patience.
فَلِهَذَاFor this reasonذُكِرَit is mentionedفِيinذَاكَthatالرِّضَاcontentmentوَandفِيinهَذَاthisالصَّبْرِpatience
For this reason, it is mentioned in that contentment and in this patience.
ثُمَّThenإِذَاifكَانَit isالْقَضَاءُthe decreeمَعَwithالصَّبْرِpatienceخَيْرٌbetterلَهُfor himفَكَيْفَthen howمَعَwithالرِّضَاcontentment
Then if the decree along with patience is better for him, then how about with contentment?
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisجَاءَit cameفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالْمُصَابِthe afflictedمِنْwhoحُرِمَis deprivedالثَّوَابَof reward
And for this, it is mentioned in the hadith about the afflicted who is deprived of reward.
فَٱلْأَثَرُThus the effectٱلَّذِيthatرَوَاهُwas narrated byٱلشَّافِعِيAl-Shafi'iفِيinمُسْنَدِهِhis Musnadأَنَّthatٱلنَّبِيَّthe Prophet(صَلَّى ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)لَمَّاwhenمَاتَhe diedسَمِعُواthey heardقَائِلاًsomeone sayingيَاOآلَfamilyبَيْتِof the houseرَسُولِof the MessengerٱللَّّهِAllah
Thus, the effect narrated by Al-Shafi'i in his Musnad is that the Prophet (peace be upon him), when he died, they heard someone saying: "O family of the Messenger of Allah."
إِنَّIndeedفِيinٱللَّّهَAllahعَزَاءًthere is consolationمِنْfromكُلِّeveryمُصِيبَةٍcalamityوَandخَلَفًاreplacementمِنْfromكُلِّeveryهَالِكٍlossوَandدَرَكًاrecoveryمِنْfromكُلِّeveryفَائِتٍmissed
Indeed, in Allah there is consolation from every calamity and a replacement from every loss and recovery from every missed opportunity.
فَبِٱللَّهِSo by Allahفَٱثِقُواtrustوَإِيَّاهُin Himفَٱرْجُواhopeفَإِنَّfor indeedٱلْمُصَابَthe afflictedمِنْis fromحُرِمَthe deprivedٱلثَّوَابَof reward
So by Allah, trust in Him and hope in Him, for indeed the afflicted are deprived of reward.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonلَمْwe were notنُؤْمَرْcommandedبِٱلْحُزْنِto be sadٱلْمُنَافِيthat negatesلِلرِّضَاcontentmentقَطًّاat all
And for this reason, we were not commanded to be sad that negates contentment at all.
مَعَAlthough withأَنَّهُthat there is noلَاbenefitفِيهِin itفَقَدْfor it mayيَكُونَbeمُضَرَّةًharmful
Although with that there is no benefit in it, for it may be harmful.
لكنهBut it isيُعْفَىexcusedعَنْهُfrom itإِذَاifلَمْnotيَقْتَرِنْis associatedبِهِwith itمَاwhatيَكْرَهُهُhe dislikesٱللَّهُAllah
But it is excused from it if it is not associated with what Allah dislikes.
لَكِنَّButٱلْبُكَىcryingعَلَىoverٱلْمَيِّتِthe deceasedعَلَىonوَجْهِthe aspectالرَّحْمَةِof mercyحَسَنٌis goodمُسْتَحَبٌّrecommended
But crying over the deceased, in terms of mercy, is good and recommended.
وَذَٰلِكَAnd thisلَاdoes notيُنَافِيcontradictالرِّضَاthe contentment
And this does not contradict the contentment.
يَخْلَفُUnlikeٱلْبُكَىcryingعَلَيْهِon himلِفَوَاتِfor the loss ofحَظِّهِhis shareمِنْهُof it
Unlike crying over him for the loss of his share of it.
وَبِهَٰذَاAnd with thisتَعْرِفُyou knowمَعْنَىthe meaning ofقَوْلِthe sayingٱلنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)لَمَّاwhenبَكَىhe criedعَلَىoverٱلْمَيِّتِthe deceasedوَقَالَand saidإِنَّindeedهَذِهِthisرَحْمَةٌis mercyجَعَلَهَاwhich Allah madeٱللَّهُfor Allahفِيinقُلُوبِthe heartsعِبَادِهِof His servants
And with this, you know the meaning of the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him) when he cried over the deceased and said: "Indeed, this is mercy which Allah has placed in the hearts of His servants."
وَإِنَّمَاAnd indeedيَرْحَمُHe shows mercyٱللَّّهُAllahمَنto whomعِبَادَهُHis servantsالرُّحَمَاءُthe merciful
And indeed Allah shows mercy to those among His servants who are merciful.
وَأَنَّAnd thatهَذَاthisلَيْسَis notكَبُكَىlike the cryingمِنْof one whoيَبْكِيcriesلِحَظِّهِfor his shareلَاnotلِرَحْمَةِfor the mercyٱلْمَيِّتِof the deceased
And that this is not like the crying of one who cries for his share, not for the mercy of the deceased.
وَأَنَّAnd thatٱلْفُضَيْلَAl-FudailبْنِibnعِيَاضٍIyyadلَمَّاwhenمَاتَhe diedٱبْنُهُhis sonعَلَىbyفَضَحِكَhe laughedوَقَالَand saidرَأَيْتُI sawأَنَّthatٱللَّّهَAllahقَدْ قَضَىhas decreedفَأَحْبَبْتُand I wantedأَنْto beأَرْضَىpleasedبِمَاwith whatقَضَىhas decreedٱللَّّهُAllahبِهِwith it
And Al-Fudail ibn Iyyad, when his son died, laughed and said: "I saw that Allah has decreed, and I wanted to be pleased with what Allah has decreed."
حَالُهُHis stateحَالٌis goodحَسَنٌin respect ofبِالنِّسْبَةِthe people ofأَهْلِthe people ofٱلْجَزَعِgrief
His state is good in respect of the people of grief.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالرَّحْمَةُthe mercy ofٱلْمَيِّتِthe deceasedمَعَwithالرِّضَاcontentmentبِالْقَضَاءِwith the decreeوَandحَمْدِpraiseٱللَّّهَto Allahكَحَالِlike the stateٱلنَّبِيِّof the Prophet(صَلَّى ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)
And as for the mercy of the deceased with contentment with the decree and praise to Allah, like the state of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
فَهَذَاThisأَكْمَلُis more completeقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Most Highالْبَلَدُthe city
This is the more complete, He said: The Most High, the city.
ثُمَّThenكَانَthere wereمِنَfromٱلَّذِينَthose whoآمَنُواbelievedوَتَوَاصَوْاand advisedبِالصَّبْرِeach other to patienceوَتَوَاصَوْاand advisedبِالرَّحْمَةِone another to mercy
Then there were from those who believed and advised each other to patience and advised each other to mercy.
فَذَكَرَSo He mentionedسُبْحَانَهُExalted is Heالتَّوَاصِيthe advising one anotherبِالصَّبْرِin patienceوَالرَّحْمَةِand mercyوَAndٱلنَّاسُthe peopleأَرْبَعَةٌfourأَقْسَامٌcategories
So He mentioned, Exalted is He, the advising one another in patience and mercy, and the people are four categories.
مِنْهُمAmong themمِنَare those whoيَكُونُwill beفِيهِin itصَبْرٌpatienceبِقَسْوَةٍwith harshnessوَمِنْهُمand among themمِنَare those whoيَكُونُwill beفِيهِin itرَحْمَةٌmercyبِجَزَعٍwith grief
Among them are those who will be in it with harshness, and among them are those who will be in it with mercy and grief.
وَمِنْهُمAnd among themمِنَare those whoيَكُونُwill beفِيهِin itٱلْقَسْوَةُharshnessوَٱلْجَزَعُand griefوَالْمُؤْمِنُAnd the believerٱلْمَحْمُودُthe praiseworthyٱلَّذِيwhoيَصْبِرُis patientعَلَىonمَاwhatيُصِيبُهُaffects himوَandيَرْحَمُhe shows mercyٱلنَّاسَthe people
And among them are those who will be in it with harshness and grief, and the believer is the praiseworthy who is patient on what affects him and he shows mercy to the people.
وَقَدْAnd indeedفَطِنَis awareطَائِفَةٌa groupمِنَofٱلْمُصَنَّفِينَthe authorsفِيinهَذَاthisٱلْبَابِchapter
And indeed a group of authors in this chapter is aware.
أَنَّthatالرِّضَاcontentmentعَنْwithٱللَّّهِAllah
And that contentment with Allah.
مِنَis fromتَوَابِعِthe consequences ofٱلْمَحَبَّةِloveلَهُfor Him
is a consequence of love for Him.
وَهَذَاAnd thisإِنَّمَاindeedيَتَوَجَّهُdirects towardsعَلَىwhatٱلْمَأْخَذُthe basisالأَوَّلُfirstوَهُوَand it isالرِّضَاcontentment
And this indeed directs towards the basis of the first, and it is contentment.
عَنْهُwith Himلِاسْتِحْقَاقِهِfor his rightذَٰلِكَthatبِنَفْسِهِby itself
with Him for his right by itself.
مَعَwithقَطْعِcutting offٱلْعَبْدِthe servantٱلنَّظَرِthe lookingعَنْatحَظِّهِhis share
with cutting off the looking at his share.
بِخِلَافِUnlikeٱلْمَأْخَذِthe basisٱلثَّانِيthe second
Unlike the basis of the second.
وَهُوَAnd it isالرِّضَاcontentmentلِعِلْمِهِdue to his knowledgeبِأَنَّthatٱلْمَقْضِيَّwhat is decreedخَيْرٌis better
And it is contentment due to his knowledge that what is decreed is better for him.
ثُمَّThenإِنَّindeedٱلْمَحَبَّةَloveمُتَعَلِّقَةٌis relatedبِهِto Him
Then indeed love is related to Him.
وَالرِّضَاAnd contentmentمُتَعَلِّقٌis relatedبِقَضَائِهِto His decree
and contentment is related to His decree.
لَكِنَّHoweverقَدْit may be saidيُقَالُthat is saidفِيinتَقْرِيرٍthe reportمَاwhatقَالَhas saidهَذَاthisٱلْمُصَنِّفُauthor
However, it may be said in the report what this author has said.
وَنَحْوُهُand similar
and similar.
إِنَّIndeedٱلْمَحَبَّةَthe loveلِلَّهِfor Allah
Indeed, the love for Allah.
نَوْعَانِis of two typesمَحَبَّةٌloveلَهُfor Himنَفْسِهِby Himself
is of two types: love for Him by Himself.
وَمَحَبَّةٌand loveلِمَاfor whatمِنْهُمfrom Himمِنَofٱلْإِحْسَانِthe generosity
and love for what from Him is the generosity.
وَكَذَٰلِكَLikewiseالْحَمْدُpraiseلَهُfor Himنَوْعَانِis of two typesحَمْدٌpraiseلِلَّهِfor Allah
Likewise, praise for Him is of two types.
عَلَىforمَاwhatيَسْتَحِقُّهُhe deservesبِنَفْسِهِby Himself
for what He deserves by Himself.
وَحَمْدٌand praiseعَلَىforإِحْسَانِهِHis generosityلِعَبْدِهِto His servant
and praise for His generosity to His servant.
فَٱلنَّوْعَانِThe two typesلِلرِّضَاfor contentmentكَٱلنَّوْعَيْنِare like the two typesلِلْمَحَبَّةِfor love.
The two types for contentment are like the two types for love.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالرِّضَاcontentmentبِهِwith Himوَبِدِينِهِand His religionوَبِرَسُولِهِand with His Messengerفَذَٰلِكَthat is
And as for contentment with Him and with His religion and with His Messenger, that is...
مِنَfromتَوَابِعِthe consequences ofالإِيْمَانِfaith.
the consequences of faith.