مَعَWithالْقَدَرِthe decreeبِدُونِwithoutالْحِرْصِthe eagernessعَلَىtoفِعْلِdoالْمَأْمُورِthe commandedالَّذِيwhichيَنْفَعُbenefitsالْعَبْدِthe servant
With the decree without the eagerness to do the commanded which benefits the servant.
فَرَوَىIt was narratedمُسْلِمٌby Muslimفِيinصَحِيحِهِhis authentic booksعَنْfromأَبِيAbuهُرَيْرَةَHurairaقَالَsaidقَالَhe saidرَسُولُthe Messengerاللَّهِof Allah(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
It was narrated by Muslim in his authentic books from Abu Huraira who said the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon Him) said.
الْمُؤْمِنُThe believerالْقَوِيُthe strongخَيْرٌis betterوَأَحَبُّand more belovedإِلَىtoاللَّهِAllahمِنَthanالْمُؤْمِنِthe believerالضَّعِيفِthe weak
The strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than the weak believer.
وَفِيAnd inكُلِّeveryخَيْرٍgoodأَحْرَصْbe eagerعَلَىonمَاwhatيَنْفَعُكَbenefits youوَاسْتَعِّنْand seek helpبِاللَّهِfrom Allahوَلَاand do notتَعْجِزَنَّdespairوَإِنْand ifأَصَابَكَstrikes youشَيْءٌsomethingفَلَاthen do notتَقُلْsayلَوْifأَنِّيI hadفَعَلْتُdoneكَذَاsuchوَكَذَاand suchوَلَكِنbutقُلْsayقَدْرُthe decreeاللَّهِof Allahوَمَاand whatشَاءَHe willsفَعَلَhappens
And in every good, be eager for what benefits you and seek help from Allah, and do not despair. And if something strikes you, then do not say, 'If I had done such and such,' but say, 'The decree of Allah and what He wills happens.'
فَإِنَّFor indeedلَوْifتَفْتَحَyou openعَمَلَthe workالشَّيْطَانِof the devil
For indeed, if you open the doors to the devil's work.
وَفِيAnd inسُنَنِthe Sunanأَبِيof AbuدَاوُدَDawoodأَنَّthatرَجُلَيْنِtwo menاخْتَصَمَاdisputedإِلَىtoالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
And in the Sunan of Abu Dawood, it is that two men disputed to the Prophet (Peace be upon Him).
فَقَضَىHe ruledعَلَىonأَحَدِهِمَاone of themفَقَالَand saidالْمَقْضِيَّthe one ruled uponعَلَيْهِto himحَسْبِيَEnough for meاللَّهُAllahوَنِعْمَand goodالْوَكِيلُthe guardian.
He ruled on one of them and said, "Enough for me is Allah, and He is the best guardian."
فَقَالَThen the Messengerرَسُولُof Allahاللَّهِ(Peace(صَلَّىbe uponاللَّهُHimوَعَلَيْهِand upon Himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace)
Then the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon Him) said.
إِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahيَلُومُblamesعَلَىonالْعَجْزِthe incapacityوَلَكِنbutعَلَيْكَupon youبِالْكِيسِwith wisdom.
Indeed, Allah blames on incapacity, but upon you is to have wisdom.
فَإِذَاSo ifغَلَبَكَovercomes youأَمْرٌa matterفَقُلْthen sayحَسْبِيَEnough for meاللَّهُAllahوَنِعْمَand goodالْوَكِيلُthe Guardian.
So if a matter overcomes you, then say, 'Enough for me is Allah, and He is the best Guardian.'
فَأَمَرَSo he commandedالنَّبِيَّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
So the Prophet (Peace be upon Him) commanded.
الْمُؤْمِنَThe believerأَنْtoيَحْرِصَbe eagerعَلَىonمَاwhatيَنْفَعُهُbenefits him.
The believer is to be eager for what benefits him.
وَأَنْAnd toيَسْتَعِينَseek helpبِاللَّهِfrom Allah.
And to seek help from Allah.
وَهَذَاAnd thisمُطَابِقٌis in accordanceلِقَوْلِهِwith His sayingإِيَّاكَYou aloneنَعْبُدُwe worshipوَإِيَّاكَand You aloneنَسْتَعِينُwe ask for help.
And this is in accordance with His saying: 'You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.'
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingهُودَHudفَعْبُدْهُWorship Himوَتَوَكَّلْand put your trustعَلَيْهِin Him.
And His saying in Hud: 'Worship Him and put your trust in Him.'
فَإِنَّIndeedالْحِرْصَthe eagernessعَلَىonمَاwhatيَنْفَعُbenefitsالْعَبْدَthe servantهُوَisطَاعَةُobedienceاللَّهِto Allahوَعِبَادَتُهُand His worship.
Indeed, the eagerness on what benefits the servant is the obedience to Allah and His worship.
إِذْWhenالْنَّافِعَthat which benefitsلَهُhimهُوَisطَاعَةُobedienceاللَّهِto Allah.
When that which benefits him is the obedience to Allah.
وَلَاAnd nothingشَيْءٌis more beneficialأَنْفَعُthan that.لَهُto himمِنْthanذَلِكَthat.
And nothing is more beneficial to him than that.
وَكُلُّAnd everythingمَاthatيُسْتَعَانُis sought for helpبِهِwith itعَلَىin obedienceالطَّاعَةِthe obedienceفَهُوَisطَاعَةٌobedience.
And everything that is sought for help in obedience is obedience.
وَإِنAnd ifكَانَit isمِنَfromجِنْسِthe category ofالْمُبَاحَةِthe permissible.
And if it is from the category of the permissible.
قَالَHe saidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
The Prophet (Peace be upon Him) said.
فِيInالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالصَّحِيحِthe authenticلِسَعِيدٍto Sa'd.إِنَّكَIndeed, youلَنwill notتَنفِقَspendنَفَقَةًa single pennyتَبْتَغِيseekingبِهَاwith itوَجْهَthe faceاللَّهِof Allahإِلَّاexceptازْدَدْتَyou increaseبِهَاwith it.دَرَجَةًa degreeوَرَفْعَةًand highness.حَتَّىUntilالْلُقْمَةَthe morselتَضَعُهَاyou place itفِيinفِيthe mouthامْرَأَتِكَof your wife.
In the authentic hadith to Sa'd, it is said, 'Indeed, you will not spend a single penny seeking the face of Allah except that you will be increased with it a degree and highness, even the morsel you place in your wife's mouth.'
فَأَخْبَرَAnd he informedالنَّبِيَّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
And he informed the Prophet (Peace be upon Him).
أَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahيَلُومُblamesعَلَىonالْعَجْزِthe incapacityالَّذِيwhichهُوَisضِدُّthe opposite ofالْكَيْسِwisdom.
That Allah blames on the incapacity, which is the opposite of wisdom.
وَهُوَAnd it isالتَّفْرِيطُthe neglectفِيمَاin whatيُؤْمَرُis commandedبِفِعْلِهِto be done.
And it is the neglect in what is commanded to be done.
فَإِنَّFor indeedذَٰلِكَthatيُنَافِيcontradictsالْقُدْرَةَthe capacityالْمُقَارَنَةَwhich is simultaneousلِلْفِعْلِto the action.
For indeed that contradicts the capacity which is simultaneous to the action.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَit wasلَاnotيُنافيcontradictingالْقُدْرَةَthe capacityالْمُقَدَّمَةَwhich is prior.الَّتِيwhichهِيَisمَنَاطُthe basis ofالْأَمْرِthe commandوَالنَّهْيِand the prohibition.
And if it was not contradicting the capacity which is prior, which is the basis of the command and the prohibition.
فَإِنَّFor indeedالِاسْتِطَاعَةُthe abilityالَّتِيthatتُوجِبُnecessitatesالْفِعْلَthe actionوَتَكُونَand isمُقَارَنَةًsimultaneousلَهَاto itلَاnotتَصْلَحُsuitableإِلَّاexceptلِمَاto whatتَكُونُit is capable of.كَمَاAsذُكِرَهَاmentioned inفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingهُودَHud.
For indeed the ability that necessitates the action and is simultaneous to it is only suitable for what it is capable of, as mentioned in His saying in Hud.
مَاWhatكَانُواthey wereيَسْتَطِيعُونَcapable ofالسَّمْعِhearing.
What they were capable of hearing.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingالْكَهْفِAl-Kahfوَكَانُواand they wereلَاnotيَسْتَطِيعُونَthey couldسَمْعًاhear.
And His saying in Al-Kahf: 'And they were not capable of hearing.'
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالِاسْتِطَاعَةُthe abilityالَّتِيthatيَتَعَلَّقُis related toبِهَاitالْأَمْرُthe commandوَالنَّهْيُand the prohibition.
And as for the ability that is related to the command and the prohibition.
فَتِلْكَThat mayقَدْoccurيَاقْتَرِنَbe associatedبِهَاwith itالْفِعْلُthe actionوَقَدْand may not.
That may be associated with the action and may not.
كَمَاAsفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingآلِAalعِمْرَانَImranوَلِلَّهِAnd Allahعَلَىuponالنَّاسِthe peopleحَجٌّthe pilgrimageالْبَيْتِthe Houseمَنِ اسْتَطَاعَof whoever is able toإِلَيْهِit.
As in His saying: 'And Allah has made it obligatory upon the people to make pilgrimage to the House for whoever is able to it.'
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying(صَلَّى(Peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِHimوَسَلَّمَ)and blessings)
And His saying (Peace be upon Him).
لِعُمَرَTo UmarأَنْtoصَلِّprayقَائِمًاstandingفَإِنْThen ifلَمnotتَسْتَطِعْis ableفَاقْعُدْto sit.فَإِنْAnd ifلَمnotتَسْتَطِعْis ableفَعَلَىthen onجَنْبِكَyour side.
To Umar, to pray standing, then if you are not able, then sitting, and if you are not able, then on your side.
فَهَذَاSo thisالْمَوْضِعُplaceقَدhasانْقَسَمَdivided.النَّاسُthe peopleفِيهِin itعَلَىintoأَرْبَعَةِfourأَقْسَامٍcategories.
So this place has divided the people into four categories.
قَوْمٌThere are peopleيَنظُرُونَwho lookإِلَىtoجَانِبِthe aspect ofالأَمْرِthe commandوَالنَّهْيِand prohibition.وَالْعِبَادَةِand worship.
There are people who look to the aspect of the command and the prohibition and worship.
شَاهِدِينَWitnessingلِأُلُوهِيَّتِهِto His divinity.سُبْحَانَهُGlory be to Him.الَّذِيWhoأُمِرُواthey were commandedأَنْtoيَعْبُدُوهُworship Him.
Witnessing to His divinity. Glory be to Him who they were commanded to worship.
وَلَاAnd do notيَنظُرُواlookإِلَىtoجَانِبِthe side ofالْقَضَاءِthe decree.وَالْقَدْرِand the destiny.وَالتَّوَكُّلِAnd reliance.وَالِاسْتِعَانَةِand seeking help.
And do not look to the side of the decree, and the destiny, and reliance, and seeking help.
وَهَذَاAnd thisحَالٌis the stateكَثِيرٌof manyمِنْofالْمُتَفَقِّهَةِthe learnedالْمُتَعَبِّدَةِand the worshippers.
And this is the state of many of the learned and worshippers.
فَهُمْTheyمَعَwithحُسْنِgoodقَصْدِهِمintentionوَتَعْظِيمِهِمand their reverenceلِحُرُمَاتِfor the sanctities ofاللَّهِAllah.
They, with their good intentions and their reverence for the sanctities of Allah.
وَشِعَائِرِهِAnd His ritualsيَغْلِبُoverpowerعَلَيْهِمُthem.الضَّعْفُweaknessوَالْعَجْزُand incapacity.وَالْخِذْلَانُand defeat.
Weakness and incapacity and defeat overpower them.
وَالِاسْتِعَانَةِAnd seeking helpبِاللَّهِfrom Allah.وَالتَّوَكُّلِand relianceعَلَيْهِon Him.وَاللُّجَأِand resortingإِلَيْهِto Him.وَالدُّعَاءَand supplicationلَهُto Him.هِيَThey areالَّتِيthatتَقْوَىstrengthenالْعَبْدَthe servantوَتُيَسِّرَand facilitateعَلَيْهِfor him.الْأُمُورَthe affairs.
And seeking help from Allah, and reliance on Him, and resorting to Him, and supplication to Him are what strengthens the servant and facilitates for him the affairs.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisقَالَit is saidبَعْضٌsome.
And for this, it is said some.