يَقْدَحُimpairsفِيinأَصْلِthe essenceإِيمَانِهِof his faith,,مِثْلَlikeالشُّكُوكِdoubtsوَالرَّيْبِand suspicionsوَالنِّفَاقِand hypocrisy,,فَذَاكَso thatنُزُولٌis a declineلَاnotيُرْجَىto be hoped forلِصَاحِبِهِfor its possessorصُعُودٌascensionإِلَّاexceptبِتَجْدِيدِby renewingإِسْلَامِهِhis Islamمِنfromرَأْسِthe beginning
It impairs the essence of his faith, like doubts, suspicions, and hypocrisy; so that is a decline not to be hoped for for its possessor's ascension except by renewing his Islam from the beginning.
فَصْلٌSection.
Section.
وَمِنَAnd amongعُقُوبَاتِهَاits punishments::أَنَّهَاthat itتُجَرِّئُemboldensعَلَىagainstالْعَبْدِthe servantمِنfromلَمthose who do notيَكُنbeيَجْتَرِئُemboldenedعَلَيْهِupon himمِنfromأَصْنَافٍtypesالْمَخْلُوقَاتِof creatures.
And among its punishments is that it emboldens the servant against those who would not have been emboldened against him by the types of creatures.
فَيَجْتَرِئُSo the devils are emboldenedعَلَيْهِagainst himالشَّيَاطِينُthe devilsبِالْأَذَىwith injury(٢)(2),,وَالإِغْوَاءِand temptation,,وَالْوَسْوَسَةِand whispering,,وَالتَّخْوِيفِand intimidationوَالتَّحْزِينِand sorrow,,وَإِنْسَائِهِand making him forgetمَاwhatمَصْلَحَتُهُis beneficial for himفِيinذِكْرِهِremembering it,,وَandمَضَرَّتِهِits harmfulnessفِيinنِسْيَانِهِforgetting it؛;فَتَجْتَرِئُSo the devils embolden(عَلَيْهِagainst himالشَّيَاطِينُthe devilsحَتَّىuntilتُؤَزُّهُit urges himإِلَىtoمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceاللَّهِof Allahأَنَا(I)
So the devils embolden against him with harm (2), and temptation, and whispering, and intimidation, and sorrow, and making him forget what is beneficial for him in remembering it, and its harmfulness in forgetting it; so the devils embolden until they urge him to disobedience of Allah.
وَيَجْتَرِئُAnd they are emboldenedعَلَيْهِagainst himشَيَاطِينُthe devils[١/٤٣][1/43]الإِنْسِof mankindبِمَاby whatتَقْدِرُthey canعَلَيْهِupon himمِنfromأَذَاهُhis injuryفِيinغَيْبَتِكَhis absenceوَحُضُورِهِand presence,,وَيَجْتَرِئُand they are emboldenedعَلَيْهِagainst himأَهْلَهُhis familyوَخُدْمَهُand servantsوَأَوْلَادَهُand children(٤)(4),,وَجِيرَانِهِand neighbors,,حَتَّىuntilالْحَيَوَانِthe animalsالْبَهِيمِthe beastقَالَsaidبَعْضُsomeالسَّلَفِof the predecessors::إِنِّيIndeed, IلَأَعْصِيdisobeyاللَّهَAllah,,فَأَعْرِفُso I knowذَلِكَthatفِيinخَلْقِthe creationامْرَأَتِيof my wifeوَandدَابَّتِيmy mount(٥)(5)
And they are emboldened against him the devils of mankind by what they can do to harm him in his absence and presence; and they are emboldened against him his family, servants, and children (4) and neighbors, until the beasts. Some of the predecessors said: ‘Indeed, I disobey Allah, and I know that in the creation of my wife and my mount (5).
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd similarlyيَجْتَرِئُare emboldenedعَلَيْهِagainst himأَوْلِيَاءُthe guardiansالْأَمْرِof the matterبِالْعُقُوبَةِby punishmentالَّتِيwhichإِنifعَدَلُواthey were justفِيْهَاin it,,أَقَامُواthey will enactعَلَيْهِupon himحُدُودَthe limitsاللَّهِof Allah(٦)(6)
And similarly, the guardians of the matter are emboldened against him by the punishment that if they were just in it, they would enact the limits of Allah (6).
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd similarlyتَجْتَرِئُthe self emboldensعَلَيْهِagainst himنَفْسُهُhis own self,,فَتَتَأَسَّدُso it dominatesعَلَيْهِupon him,,وَتَسْتَصْعِبُand makes it difficultعَلَيْهِfor him)),,فَلَوْSo ifأَرَادَهَاhe wanted itلِلْخَيْرِfor goodلَمit would notتُطَاوِعْهُobey him,,وَلَمand would notتَنْقَدِyieldلَهُto him.
And similarly, the self emboldens against him, dominating him and making it difficult for him; so if he wanted it for good, it would not obey him, nor yield to him.
وَتَسُوقُهُAnd drives himإِلَىtoمَاwhatفِيهِis in itهَلاَكَهُhis destruction,,شَاءَwhether he wantsأَمorأَبَىrefuses
And it drives him to what is his destruction, whether he wants it or refuses it.