وَقَالَAnd saidعِكْرِمَةُIkrimah::دَوَابُّThe creaturesالْأَرْضِof the earthوَهَوَامُّهَاand its insectsحَتَّىup toالْخُنَافِسِthe beetlesوَالْعَقَارِبِand the scorpions
Ikrimah said: 'The creatures of the earth and its insects, even the beetles and the scorpions.'
يَقُولُونَThey say::مَنَعَنَاWe were preventedالْقَطْرَةَthe rainبِذُنُوبِby the sinsبَنِيof the childrenآدَمَof Adam(١)(1).
They say: 'We were prevented from the rain by the sins of the children of Adam (1).'
فَلَاSo does notيَكْفِيَهُsuffice himعَذَابُthe punishmentذَنْبِهِfor his sin,حَتَّىuntilيَبُوءَhe returnsبِلَعْنَةٍwith a curse(٢)(2)مِنْfromلَاnoذَنْبٍsinلَهُfor him.
So it does not suffice him the punishment for his sin, until he returns with a curse (2) from one who has no sin.
فَصْلٌSection::
Section:
وَمِنْهَاAnd among them::أَنْthatالْمَعْصِيَةَdisobedienceتُورِثُbringsالذُّلَّhumiliationوَلَازِمٌand must be;فَإِنَّfor indeedالْعِزَّthe honorكُلَّallالعِزِّthe honor(٣)(3)فِيinطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّهِto Allahتَعَالَىthe Exalted.
And among them is that disobedience brings about humiliation and must be; for indeed all honor (3) is in obedience to Allah the Exalted.
قَالَHe saidتَعَالَى, the Exalted,﴿"مَنْWhoeverكَانَwantsيُرِيدُto seekالْعِزَّةَhonorفَلِلَّهِthen to Allahالْعِزَّةُis the honorجَمِيعًاentirely.﴾"
He said, the Exalted: 'Whoever wants honor then to Allah is the honor entirely.'
أَيْThis means::فَلْيَطْلُبْهَاlet him seek itبِطَاعَةِthrough obedienceاللَّهِto Allah,فَإِنَّهُfor indeedلَاnotيَجِدَهَاhe will find itإِلَّاexceptفِيinطَاعَتِهِHis obedience.
This means: let him seek it through obedience to Allah, for indeed he will find it only in His obedience.
وَكَانَAnd it wasمِنْfromدُعَاءِthe supplicationبَعْضِof someالسَّلَفِof the predecessors::اللَّهُمَّO Allah,أَعِزَّنِيhonor meبِطَاعَتِكَwith Your obedience,وَلَاand do notتُذِلَّنِيhumiliate meبِمَعْصِيَتِكَwith Your disobedience.(٤)(4).
And it was from the supplication of some of the predecessors: 'O Allah, honor me with Your obedience, and do not humiliate me with Your disobedience (4).'
قَالَAl-Hasan Al-Basri said:إِنَّهُمْIndeed theyوَإِنand ifطَقْطَقَتْthe mulesبِهُمَاwith themالْبِغَالُthe mules,وَهَمَلَجَتْand the horseبِهِمْhimالْبَرَاذِينَthe horsesيَنْ(5)إِنَّIndeedذَلَّthe humiliationالْمَعْصِيَةَof disobedienceلَاdoes notيَفَارِقُpart fromقُلُوبِهِمtheir hearts.
Al-Hasan Al-Basri said: 'Indeed they, and if the mules trip with them, and if the horses gallop with them (5), indeed the humiliation of disobedience does not part from their hearts.'
أَبَىAllah has decreedاللَّهُ:—إِلَّاexceptأَنْthatالْعَقَارِبَthe scorpionsوَالْخُنَافِسَand the beetlesوَالْدَّوَابَّand the creaturesيَقُولُونَsay::حَبَسَ'Preventedعَنَّاfrom usالْمَطَرَthe rainبِذُنُوبِby the sinsبَنِيof the childrenآدَمَof Adam.'"
Allah has decreed: 'Except that the scorpions, the beetles, and the creatures say: 'Prevented from us the rain by the sins of the children of Adam.'"
وَهُوَAnd it isصَحِيحٌcorrectعَنْfromمُجَاهِدٍMujahid.
And it is correct from Mujahid.
(١)(1)أَخْرَجَهُNarrated byالطَّبَرِيُّAl-Tabari(٢/ ٥٥)(2/55)بِسَنَدٍwith a chainلَا بَأْسَthat is soundبِهِ:(٢)(2)سandل:—«حَتَّىuntilيَلْعَنَهُhe curses him.'
(1) Narrated by Al-Tabari (2/55) with a sound chain. (2) And: 'until he curses him.'
(٣)(3)كُلُّAllالْعِزِّ»the honor.'سَاقِطٌis omittedمِنْfromزZ.
(3) The phrase 'all honor' is omitted from Z.
(٤)(4)مِنْfromدُعَاءِthe supplicationجَعْفَرٍJafarالصَّادِقِAl-Sadiq.اِنظُرْSeeالْحِلَىAl-Hiliyyah(۲۲٨/٣)(228/3)وَفِيهِand in it,وَلَاand do notتُخْزِنِيdishonor me.'وَانْظُرْAnd seeطَرِيقَthe pathالْهَجْرَتَيْنِof the two migrations.(۳٩)(39).
(4) From the supplication of Jafar Al-Sadiq. See Al-Hiliyyah (228/3), and in it, 'and do not dishonor me.' And see the path of the two migrations (39).
(٥)(5)الْهَمَلَجَةُHamalajahحَسَنَةٌis goodسَيْرَthe strideالدَّابَّةِof the animalفِيinسُرْعَةٍspeedوَبِخَطْرَةٍand grace.وَالْبَرَاذِينُAnd the horsesمِنْfromالْخَيْلِthe horseمَاthatكَانَwasمِنْofغَيْرِother thanنَتَاجِthe produceالْعَرَبِof the Arabs.اِنظُرْSeeاللِّسَانِAl-Lisan(هَمَلَج، بَرَذِين)(Hamalj, Barzan).
(5) Hamalajah is the good stride of the animal in speed and grace. And the horses are from the horse that is not from the produce of the Arabs. See Al-Lisan (Hamalj, Barzan).
(1)(1)سand«رِقَابِهِمtheir necks.'
(1) And: 'their necks.'